Qian Xuesen went to the United States in August 1935 as a publicly-funded student to study and research aeronautical engineering and aerodynamics, and after more than a decade of hard work, he became the world's leading rocketry expert at the time. During World War II, he and his mentor von Kamen participated in the top-secret "Manhattan Project" - the development of nuclear weapons and missiles, and was one of the few outstanding talents in the United States. He was one of the most outstanding talents in the United States. He served as director of the Supersonic Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology and as director of the Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Research Center.
On Oct. 1, 1949, the five-star red flag was raised over Tiananmen Square, and the new China was founded. After five days is our traditional festival - Mid-Autumn Festival, this day, Mr. and Mrs. Qian Xuesen and a dozen of Chinese students together to celebrate the festival, they enjoy the moon while pouring out their feelings, y for the newborn of the motherland and rejoice, and the motherland is full of visions of a better future. It was at this time that a strong desire emerged in Qian's heart: to return to his motherland as soon as possible, and to use his expertise to serve the country's construction.
Soon, the U.S. launched a war in North Korea, the use of reactionary McCarthy Laws in the country, set off a wave of employees to drive allegiance to the U.S. government of the anti-*** countercurrent, this countercurrent also spread to the California Institute of Technology. As a result of the arrest of Weinbaum, the secretary of the college's Marxist-Leninist group, the suspicions of the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) fell on Chien, and in July 1950 the U.S. government decided to disqualify Chien from participating in classified research on the grounds that he was friends with Weinbaum, and to charge Chien with being a member of the U.S. ****anist party and an illegal immigrant. All of these baseless charges were dismissed by Ch'ien. However, Ch'ien could not endure all this and decided to return immediately to his native country on the grounds of a family visit. When he met with Kimball, the undersecretary of the U.S. Navy, who was in charge of his research, he made a solemn statement to Kimball that he would return to China immediately. He said: "I would rather go back home to China than remain in the United States under suspicion!" Kimble was shocked to hear, he thought Qian Xuesen wherever he was placed is worth five divisions. And said, "I'd rather have him shot than let this fellow leave the United States!" So as soon as Chien walked out of his office, Kimble immediately notified the INS.
Without knowing it, Chien made all the preparations to return to China, went through the formalities of returning to China, bought a plane ticket from Canada to Hong Kong, and gave his luggage to a porter for shipment. However, in their family intends to leave Los Angeles two days before, that is, August 23, 1950 midnight, he suddenly received a notice from the Immigration Department - the family is not allowed to leave the United States. At the same time, U.S. Customs detained all of Ch'ien's luggage. Thus, Ch'ien was forced to return to the California Institute of Technology. After that, the FBI sent people to monitor his family and all his movements.
On September 6, 1950, Ch'ien was suddenly and illegally detained by the FBI and sent to the INS detention center. In the detention center, Ch'ien was tortured like a criminal. Ch'ien Hsueh-sen once recalled: "Within 15 days of his detention, he lost 30 pounds in weight. At night, the secret agents came to wake me up every hour, and I had no rest at all, and I was in a state of extreme mental stress." . After Ch'ien's unjustified detention, the faculty and students of the California Institute of Technology and Ch'ien's teacher, Von Karmen, as well as a number of friendly Americans, lodged a strong protest with the Immigration Bureau, found him a defense attorney, and raised $15,000 bail to release Ch'ien on bail. After that, Ch'ien continued to be persecuted by the INS, his movements were restricted by the INS and monitored by FBI agents, he was not allowed to leave Los Angeles, where he lived, and he was questioned regularly. Ch'ien thus lost his freedom for five years.
However, Chien's love for his motherland has not only not disappeared, but has become even more ardent. He thought about the new China day and night, he insisted on the struggle, and constantly asked the Immigration Bureau to return to China.
At this time, the country can not return to the Qian Xuesen, in these five years and did not stop his dedication to the cause of science. One of the reasons the U.S. government prevented him from leaving the country was because the rocket technology he was working on was related to national defense. When Qian Xuesen knew this, he chose "engineering cybernetics" as his research direction to help eliminate the obstacles to return to China. In fact, engineering cybernetics and production automation, the development and use of electronic computers and other national defense topics are closely related, but the U.S. authorities at the time did not recognize this point.
Qian Xuesen's struggle to return to his homeland has received the care and support of his motherland. The new China was shocked by the news of Qian's persecution and false accusations in the U.S. People in the domestic scientific community have been showing solidarity with Qian through various means. The Party Central Committee was also extremely concerned about the situation of Qian Xuesen in the U.S. The Chinese government issued a public statement condemning the U.S. government for imprisoning Qian Xuesen against his will.
Just as Qian's request to return to China was being unreasonably blocked by the U.S., China was also detaining a number of Americans. Among them were American expatriates detained by the Chinese government for violating Chinese law and American military personnel detained by the Chinese government for violating Chinese airspace. April 26, 1954 During the Indochina International Conference, the Secretary General of the Chinese Delegation, Wang Bingnan, and the head of the U.S. Delegation, Yah Johnson, begin contacts on behalf of the two governments on the issue of the return of civilians to China. During the contact, Wang particularly pointed out that the U.S. was blocking the return to China of many Chinese living in the U.S., including the scientist Qian Xuesen.In April 1954, the U.S., the U.K., France, China, and the Soviet Union convened the International Conference on Discussing and Resolving the Korean Question and Restoring Peace in Indochina in Geneva. Zhou Enlai, head of the Chinese delegation attending the conference, instructed that since the Americans had asked British diplomats to ease relations with us, we should seize this opportunity to open new channels of contact. The first step in the negotiations was to contact the issue of the detention of Chinese scientists staying in the U.S., such as Qian Xuesen. In order to seize the initiative, Zhou Enlai instructed Huang Hua, spokesman for the Chinese delegation, to issue a statement demanding that the U.S. government return the detained Chinese expatriates and foreign students and implying that China was willing to negotiate directly with the U.S. on the issue of detained American personnel. Under such circumstances, the U.S. government had to agree to direct negotiations with Chinese representatives.
With Zhou Enlai's approval, Wang Bingnan, the secretary general of the Chinese delegation, began preliminary talks on June 5 with the U.S. representative, Under Secretary of State Johnson, on the issue of expatriates between the two countries. The U.S. submitted to the Chinese side a list of U.S. expatriates in China and some U.S. military personnel detained by China, and asked China to give them a chance to return home. To show his sincerity, Zhou Enlai instructed Wang Bingnan to make generous concessions at the third Sino-U.S. meeting on June 15, and also asked the U.S. to stop detaining Chinese personnel in the U.S., such as Qian Xuesen. However, the U.S. side unreasonably rejected this legitimate request of the Chinese side. On July 21, the Geneva Conference closed, in order not to interrupt the communication channel, Zhou Enlai instructed Wang Bingnan and the U.S. side to agree: since July 22, consular-level talks in Geneva. The Chinese government decided to release the four detained American pilots in order to further express its sincerity in the talks with the U.S. side. China's high profile is ultimately aimed at securing the return of Qian Xuesen and other American scientists to China as soon as possible. But on this crucial issue, the Americans played foul. U.S. Representative Johnson refused to agree to release Qian Xuesen to his home country on the grounds that China could not come up with a real reason for his request to return.
Just as Premier Zhou Enlai was anxious about this, Chen Shutong, then vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, received a letter sent from across the ocean, signed by "Qian Xuesen". It turned out that Qian Xuesen, in order to get rid of the surveillance of the secret agents, wrote the letter on a small cigarette paper, sandwiched between the letters sent to relatives in Belgium, and then brought it to Chen Shutong. In the letter, Qian Xuesen asked his motherland to help him return to China. Chen Shutong handed the letter to Zhou Enlai. Zhou Enlai read it and rejoiced: "This is really great, according to this can completely refute the lies of the U.S. government!" He immediately made a careful deployment, so that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs quickly forwarded the letter to the negotiations in Geneva Wang Bingnan, and instructed: "This letter is very valuable. It is an ironclad proof that the U.S. authorities are still obstructing the return of Chinese civilians to China. You must use this letter to expose their lies during the negotiations."
Wang Bingnan, following Zhou Enlai's instructions, was the first to speak at the start of the August 1 ambassadorial talks between the United States and China. He told Johnson: "Mr. Ambassador, before we begin our discussion, I have been instructed to inform you of the following news: On July 31st, the Chinese government, in accordance with Chinese legal procedures, decided to release Arnold and 11 other American pilots early. They left Beijing on July 31st and are expected to arrive in Hong Kong on August 4th. I hope this measure taken by the Chinese government will have a positive impact on our talks." But Johnson was still repeating the same old story - "There is no evidence that Qian wants to return to China, and the U.S. government cannot force an order." Wang Bingnan then showed Qian Xuesen's letter to Chen Shutong, justified to Johnson positive refutation: "Since the U.S. government as early as April 1955 in public announcements, allowing scholars to stay in the U.S. to come and go freely, why the Chinese scientists, Dr. Qian Xuesen in June to write to the Chinese government to ask for help? Obviously, Chinese scholars are still being blocked from returning to China." Johnson was dumbfounded in the face of the facts. The U.S. government had to approve Qian's request to return to China. On August 4, 1955 , Qian Xuesen received a notice from the U.S. Immigration Department allowing him to return to China.
On September 17, 1955, Qian Xuesen with his wife Jiang Ying and a pair of young children boarded the "Cleveland Presidential", embarked on a journey back to China. October 8, 1995 from the United States back to Guangzhou, Qian Xuesen on the reception of his comrades of the China Travel Service said a very emotional words: "I have always believed: I will be able to return to the motherland, today, I finally came back!"
(Press: In memory of Qian Xuesen's immortal death, this article is organized to commemorate the occasion.)
My beloved motherland
Motherland ah, I am proud of you
When the majestic Huabiao,
Let the upright body draped in dawn,
When the majestic Tiananmen Square,
Let the wind and clouds usher in the rising sun.
History's ear,
Came the rumbling echo of the salute,
That mountainous echo,
is the echo of China's vicissitudes.
A giant looked down on the world,
The loud voice,
the whole world heard,
Chinese People's Republic of China was founded!
When the first five-star red flag rose,
The flag of victory,
fluttering in the wind in the clear sky,
the people raised their heads,
the whole world saw,
The Chinese people have stood up since then!
The history of this grandeur,
Painting the October sunshine,
The momentum of this impassioned,
Built a monument standing in the east of the world.
Splendid epoch,
with a strong hand,
wrote the splendid chapter of the new China,
people proudly pointed to the mountains.
The suffering mother,
wiped away the tears in her eyes,
revealing the joy in her heart and heartily rejoicing,
the motherland is boldly moving towards prosperity and strength.
Eulogizing our history,
The myth of Pangu,
Bursting with the light of life.
Eulogize our history,
with the glory of the four great inventions,
sown on this barren land.
Eulogizing our history,
with the holy wisdom of Laozi and Confucius,
the holy fire of thousands of years of civilization illuminates us.
My country,
My country that I love so much.
You are the rooster ----- waking up the silence of the dawn,
You are the dragon ----- reigning over the winds and clouds of the times,
You are the lion ----- dancing in the winds of the divine state,
You are the origin of human wisdom ----- igniting the sparks of civilization.
You have a sacred name,
that is China!
That is China, my motherland.
My beloved country.
I am y in love with my motherland,
The beating heart beats with the pulse of 5,000 years,
I am y in love with my motherland,
The surging blood rushes with the waves of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River,
I am y in love with my motherland,
The yellow skin is imprinted with the color of the ancestor's legacy,
I am y love my motherland,
......