Wang Fu and Su Shi lived for eleven years and then died. According to his father Su Xun's last words, Su Shi was buried next to your mother's grave, and personally planted 30,000 pine trees on the mountain where Wang Fu was buried. Ten years later, Su Shi wrote Jiang Yimeng, which was regarded as the first poem to mourn Wang Fu:
Ten years of life and death are two boundless. Never think, never forget. A lonely grave thousands of miles away, desolate and nowhere to talk about. Even if we don't know each other, our faces are dusty and our temples are frosty. When night came, my dream suddenly came home. Xiao Xuan window, get dressed. Care for each other without words, only tears thousands of lines are expected to break the heart, and the moon and night are short and loose.
2. The second wife, Wang Runzhi, was Wang Fu's cousin and married Su Shi in the third year after Wang Fu's death. She is eleven years younger than Su Shi. She admired Su Shi since she was a child, with a gentle nature and always relied on Su Shi. Wang Runzhi spent the most important 25 years with Su Shi. After Wutai Poetry Case and Huangzhou's relegation, he shared joys and sorrows with Su Shi in the ups and downs of his official career.
Twenty-five years later, Wang Runzhi also died before Su Shi. Su Shi was heartbroken and wrote a eulogy:
"I said to zai, go back to Yuan Qiu. Once a little, abandoned me first. Who welcomes our doors and feeds our fields? There is nothing we can do! Tears have dried up. Traveling abroad makes me less grateful. Just the same point, or repeat this statement. Hey! "
One hundred days after his wife's death, his friend and great painter Li Longmian was asked to draw ten arhats. When the monk was asked to recite sutras for her and live in Elysium, the ten Buddha statues handed down from generation to generation were dedicated to his wife's dead soul. After Su Shi's death, Su Zhe buried him with Wang Runzhi, realizing the wish of "sharing only a little" in the memorial hall.
The third wife is Su Shi's concubine Wang Chaoyun, who is twenty-six years younger than Su Shi. Wang Chaoyun was always with him in his most difficult times. Wang Chaoyun is Su Shi's confidante, and Su Shi wrote the most poems to Wang Chaoyun, calling her "Vimo Goddess".
Unfortunately, Chao Yun also died in Huizhou before Su Shi. After Chao Yun's death, Su Shi was widowed and never married again. According to Chaoyun's wishes, Su Shi buried him in the pine forest under the Great Sage Tower of Qi Temple at the southern foot of Gushan Mountain in Huizhou West Lake, and built six pavilions beside the tomb to commemorate him. The couplet written is "out of date, only Chaoyun can know me; A person plays the old tune and misses you every time it rains. "
There is a famous allusion in this couplet: "Dongpo retired from the DPRK for one day and ate." Gu walked slowly and said to his servant, "What is the way of your generation?" A maid suddenly said,' It's all articles', but Poe disagreed. Another person said,' full of knowledge'. Porter didn't expect when it would be. When he reached the clouds, he said, "The belly of a bachelor is out of date. Poe burst out laughing.
Extended data:
1, brief introduction of Su Shi
Su Shi (1037 65438+10.8-165438+24.8, 0), with the word Zizhan and the word Zhonghe, was named Dongpo Jushi, an important writer in the Song Dynasty and a representative figure with the highest literary achievements. Han nationality, a native of Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan City, Sichuan Province) in the Northern Song Dynasty. Jia You (year number, 1056 ~ 1063) is a scholar.
His poems have a wide range of themes, fresh and vigorous, good at exaggeration and metaphor, and unique style. He and Huang Tingjian are also called "Su Huang". Xin Qiji is the representative of the unconstrained style, also known as "Su Xin". He is also engaged in painting and calligraphy. There are Seven Episodes of Dongpo, Dongpo Yi Zhuan, Dongpo Yuefu and so on.
2. Su Shi's main achievements
Su Shi has made extraordinary achievements in the creation of ci. As far as the development of a style itself is concerned, the historical contribution of Su Ci has surpassed that of Su Wen and Su Shi. After Liu Yong, Su Shi carried out a comprehensive reform of ci style, and finally broke through the traditional pattern of "Ke Yan", improved the literary status of ci, changed ci from an accessory of music to an independent lyric style, and fundamentally changed the development direction of ci history.
Ci has been regarded as "Tao" since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. Liu Yong devoted his life to the creation of ci, which promoted the development of ci style, but failed to improve the literary status of ci. This task needs Su Shi to complete. Su Shi first broke the concept that poetry is superior to ci in theory. He believes that poetry is homologous, and the word "is the seedling of poetry". Although there are external differences between poems and words, their artistic essence and expressive function should be the same.
So he often compares poetry with poetry. Because he raised the word to the same position as the poem from the stylistic concept, it provided a theoretical basis for the word to move closer to the poetic style and realize the mutual exchange and infiltration between the word and the poem. In order to make the aesthetic taste of ci really keep pace with poetry, Su Shi also put forward the creative proposition that ci should be "one family". The theory of "for a family" here is put forward to distinguish it from the "taste" of Liu Yong's ci.
Its connotation includes: pursuing magnificent style and broad artistic conception, the quality of words should be consistent with people's quality, and lyrics should express their true temperament and unique life feelings like writing poems. Because only in this way can we "write like a man" in the creation of Ci (Answer to Zhang Wenqian's immortal book). Su Shi always pays equal attention to integrity in his articles, but he opposes conformity in literature, so he is not satisfied with Qin Guan's "learning Liu Qi's words" and lacks "integrity".
Expanding the expressive function of ci and opening up the realm of poetry is the main direction of Su Shi's ci style reform. He extended the traditional expression of women's gentleness to the expression of men's pride, and extended the traditional expression of love to the expression of temperament, so that words can fully express the author's temperament embrace and personality like poetry. Su Shi let ambitious people full of enterprising spirit, lofty ideals and passion into the world of ci, changed the original feminine artistic conception of ci, and set a precedent for new poets in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Su Ci fully shows the author's mental journey from positive to contradictory depression, striving to get rid of self-adaptation and constant pursuit, and his wild, romantic, affectionate and thoughtful personality temperament. After Liu Yong and Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi further made the lyric characters and creative subjects in his poems move from separation to unity. "Poetry as Ci" is Su Shi's main weapon to change the style of Ci.
The so-called "taking poetry as a word" is to transplant the expression of poetry into words. The success of Su Ci lies in two aspects: preface and postscript and allusion. With the title and word order, it is not only convenient to explain the writing time, place and source of words, but also enrich and deepen the aesthetic connotation of words. The extensive use of allusions in Ci also began with Su Shi. The use of allusions in ci is not only an alternative and centralized narrative way, but also a tortuous and profound lyric way.
Su Shi's "Poetry as Ci" is essentially to break through the restriction and bondage of music on Ci, and make Ci become an independent lyric style from the accessory of music. Su Shi writes ci mainly for people to see, while Dont Ask For Help sings, so he pays attention to the freedom of expressing emotions, although he also abides by the rhythm of ci without being bound by it. For this reason, Su Shi wrote his lyrics with great composure, even though he occasionally disagreed with the musical norms.
It is the poems that make Su Ci show rich passion, rich imagination and changeable and colorful language style. Although most of Su Shi's existing 362 poems are still close to the traditional graceful and feminine style, there are also a considerable number of works that reflect the bold and unconstrained new style, such as the famous Mink Head (when is the bright moon)
Su Shi was a key figure in the change of ci style in Song Dynasty. Wang Zhuo's "Bi Ji Man Zhi" Volume 2 said: "Mr. Dongpo is not addicted to temperament, and occasionally writes songs, pointing out that he is all the way up, and his eyes and ears are new to the world, so that the author can start a bosom friend." Strengthening the literariness of ci and weakening the dependence of ci on music are "all the way up" pointed out by Su Shi for later poets. Later poets and Xin poets further developed along this road.
Baidu encyclopedia-Su Shi
Baidu Encyclopedia-Wang Fu
Baidu Encyclopedia-Wang Runzhi
Baidu Encyclopedia-Wang Chaoyun