Welcoming God Race - Shui Ji Folk Customs Show
Prior to the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the first month of the lunar calendar, Shui Ji's welcoming God Race was rare for the Min Province, not only the time extends up to more than 20 days, and the scale of the day by day to escalate to the night of the first day of the 21st month, up to 10,000 people in the streets! The scale of the event is increasing day by day. During this time, not only night and night events, but also during the day to meet the God.
The first day of the month, from the city's head square Yonglingan "Shiji Linghou" to start, it is nine o'clock in the morning, a number of young and strong people by the people, playing gongs and drums, carrying the god of the body running along the street, the young and strong people of the square can be blocked to snatch the hand can be played can be hidden, the main square personnel need to split up to find, snatch back to continue the race, commonly known as the "Le Weng Dad". "Le Weng Dad". Has been from the daytime race to the middle of the night, to the participants exhausted after the rest.
The second night, the original arrangements for the Jiangxi Club "Xu Zhenjun" to participate in the race, because every time there is a brawl, causing public anger and was removed. Since then, the second night of every year, no race.
The third night, by the Qitou Square "Wenchang Emperor" first race, has been extended to the 21st night stop, **** twenty nights and four days. Participating in the race are: Shiji Linghou, Emperor Wenchang and Zu Gong Laofo and other seven deities. The most frequent one was "Shiji Linghou", which took up nine nights and three days. The race is the most grand and magnificent face is "Zu Gong Lao Buddha", the night out of five to seven dragon lanterns, fish lamps two to three groups, color stage (commonly known as iron iso, two children on each stage disguised as ancient characters, carried by four people parade) more than 20 Taiwan, dozens of gongs and drums gangs, hundreds of direct participants, the townships come to watch the lanterns can be up to thousands of people. At this point, the first month of Shui Ji to welcome the gods race (commonly known as the lantern) before the end.
It has been found that the water Ji to welcome the gods will begin in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, because the market town of ten square people basically belong to the "ten surnames", and most of the surnames since the middle of the Ming Dynasty from the provinces or the province of the outside world to migrate to. Among the seven deities, "Wenchang Emperor", "Guansheng Emperor" and "Offspring Gongyuan Shuai" are public deities; "Shiqi Linghou" is the local deity. The "Shiji Linghou" is a public deity; the "Shiji Linghou" five brothers live in the local area and are very powerful. Others are with sectarian and local faction colors. Such as "Zu Gong Lao Buddha" is Zhou's founding father brought in, into the water before the Ji's family temple in Liping Optimistic Rock, from Jiangxi into Fujian. The "Heavenly Mother" is the title of "Mazu", commonly known as "Mazu Granny" is worshiped by people of Fuzhou nationality (Sanshan Association) and Tingzhou nationality (Tingzhou Association), with the former entering the contest on the 13th day of the first month, and the latter entering the contest on the night of the 15th day. The former competes on the 13th day of the first month, and the latter goes on tour on the 15th day and night. Therefore, the main purpose of competing with each other at the meeting of welcoming the gods was to compare their respective status, power and wealth, so that their respective status and sphere of influence would not be shaken or infringed upon. The custom was abolished in 1950 and most of the temples were used for other purposes.
August Temple Festival - Shiji Ancestral Celebration
Shui Ji "Shiji Ancestral Temple", was built in the late Tang Dynasty, the early Song Dynasty was changed to the "Three Marquis Temple" (commonly known as the Great Temple), the entire Temple Covering an area of nearly 10,000 square meters, there are three halls: the main hall for Jiang Gong (commonly known as Jiang Yuan, called Shiji master, for the fight against the Huang Chao army and was awarded); right hall Guanghui Hou (commonly known as Lin Bixing, to give up their lives for righteousness and get the gift); the left hall of the Zhaowei Hou (commonly known as Zhang Siam, to the righteous and unselfish, to help the people and benefit and was awarded the title of the marquis, commonly known as "Yama King"). Legend has it that on August 11 for the Marquis of Temple Day, is the day of the Square Eleven Square mass kill pigs and slaughter sheep to the temple sacrifice, the ceremony is grand. In general, the year, the tables are in dozens of tables, offerings in addition to the whole pig and sheep, there are three animals, fruits, fruits, etc. in the decoration of the long table, each table is carried by four people into the temple on the designated location. After the ceremony, to the gong, avoiding the card, watermelon hammer, sword, axe and other eight pairs of honor guards as a guide, all the tables followed, the team up to one or two hundred meters long, extremely spectacular, around the three streets back to the temple, the whole ritual activities before the end. Participate in the festival people are scattered to each set up for the family meal. On the eve of the temple fair also invited from abroad to the troupe, from the first ten nights of the stage performances to the twentieth.
After the liberation, the use of "August will" period, in August 11 to 13 held a material exchange.
Guessing the Fist and Ordering the Folk Drinking Culture
Guessing the Fist and Ordering the Folk Drinking Culture is one of the local folk drinking cultures. When people gather together for festivals, celebrations and family and friends, they often enjoy drinking by guessing. When the wine to drink to the fullest, the sound of the fist four, there are two people guessing, to "chop wood fire" (fist fist elimination) a plate to determine the winners, or "grab three yards" three games to determine the winners and losers; there is also a person "playing through the pass "The game is a very lively one, with a lot of people fighting against each other. Drinking up everyone has a kind of unconvincing strength, who also refused to be defeated, so the rounds of challenges, the end is often "under the table must help the drunken people return".
Guessing is a folk game of drinking, two people guessing, out of the palm stretching fingers, guessing the two sides out of the finger and the winner, the loser drink. Fist, not only one, two, three, four, five to guess the number, but also with a set of folk color blessing, auspicious words. Before guessing the fist, the two sides arch their hands in respect, and ask each other to make concessions. In order to enable the two sides can at the same time out of the fist called loud, generally first shouted "string Gu shy" (dialect, similar sound refers to the meaning of the full blessing of life) or to come to ah, as if the 100-meter race in the "position ......". Fist guessing began, empty fist (that is, both sides are not out of the finger) shouting "rival", meaning that the chess meets the rival, wine meets a friend. There are also shouting "treasure a pair", "pair of treasure", "treasure pair" and so on. Some conventions do not use the empty fist, the empty fist to start, first shouted "to a hand ah" and then began to send the fist.
(a) shouting "must be high" or "must be rich" to congratulate each other on their progress and prosperity; there are also called "a see happy", symbolizing the joy of meeting, and the joy of meeting. The other one is called "I see happy", which symbolizes the joy of meeting each other and the happiness of meeting each other.
(2) shouting "two good", "brother and sister", "two happy", "two with the happy", etc., implying that all are happy. etc., implying that all are happy.
(3) shouting "three stars" or "three stars shine on you" and so on, the so-called "three stars", that is, the folk legend of the star of good fortune, fortune, longevity.
(4) shouting "four seasons of wealth" that is, all year round, the source of wealth, as well as shouting "four generations of the same family", "four seasons of peace," " Four Fung Hei", "Four Happiness" and so on, the so-called "Four Happiness" that is often referred to in folklore, fortune, fortune, longevity, happiness.
(E) shouting "Wuxing Kui Shou" simply called "Wuxing Kui", "Wukui Shou", "Wukui ". Kui Shou, Judaism, the first-class characters. The Ming Dynasty imperial examinations to take the five scriptures, the first place for the five scriptures of the kui, and the scholar of the imperial examinations is synonymous. There is also a popular name called "five sons of Dengke".
(F) shouting "six even", "six hands", the ancients married, build a new house, etc. are to choose "auspicious day". The "six even" refers to the year, the month, the day of the word of the dry branch are connected. The so-called "six together" that is: son and ugly together, Yin and Ohio together, d and e together, e and You together, Si and Shen together, Wu and not together, known as the "six together". Guess the fist in the "six together", which means that everything is as it should be, day after day, so some people call "six six smooth" or "six six big smooth".
(7) shouting "begging for coquettishness" (harmonic seven coquettishness), folklore is that the Cowherd and the Weaving Maiden can meet in the Milky Way on the night of July 7 every year, the old custom of the night of this day, women Chen wine preserved fruits and melons in the courtyard in front of the moon with the five-color threads through the seven-hole needles, those who are over the coquettishness. Women hope to beg the Weaving Maiden trick in their own, so it is called "begging for coincidence".
(H) shouting "Eight Immortals", "Eight Immortals" refers to the eight widely spread folk Taoist deities, namely: Li Tiekou, Han Zhongli, Zhang Guolao, Lv Dongbin, Han Xiangzi, Cao Guoyu, Blue Caihe, He Xiangu. There is a proverb that says "The Eight Immortals Cross the Sea, Each Showing Their Godly Abilities". The original refers to the great powers of the eight immortals and their ability to make things happen. There are also shouted "eight horses", the ancient official high riding eight horse-drawn carriages, not imposing. The meaning of "eight horses" is that the opponent has the blessing of a high official salary.
(ix) shouting "come quickly" or "come quickly" and not called "nine", this is because nine to add a side of ten, the Chinese people have to ten for the beauty of the ten side of the complete Traditional customs. In Buddhism, the "ten worlds" are the infinite world of bliss. In contrast, "nine" is not enough beauty (there is still a lack of one), so the wine order "quickly come" means to quickly make up for one to make up for ten, to become a perfect ten.
The "ten" in the guessing game is often called "full to", also known as "full red", "full happiness ", "family happiness" and so on, its meaning is very clear. Good wine order sounds like singing, in the middle of it, not only to see a vivid living life picture, but also appreciate the folk traditional wine culture of the strong color.
Pengdun Gaozhao - put up the tower lamp looking forward to good luck
Pengdun Gaozhao, is a "Gaozhao" paper lanterns, known as the king of Jianyang lanterns. This lamp in the intermittent loss of more than 40 years after the Spring Festival in 1988, more than a hundred units to participate in the county's first lantern street during the Grand Exhibition, with a new style, majestic style show in front of the people of Jianyang, a moment caused a sensation.
"Gaozhao", take the meaning of the lucky star, this giant paper lanterns, by 12 groups of light boxes and 3 groups of rotating top light stacked, the shape of the tower, up to four-story building. According to the Daoguang "Jianyang County Zhi" records, this light originated in the Ming Dynasty, flourishing in the Qing Dynasty. People in the Qianlong period: "yarn lamps but Suzhou for the most, paper lamps in the world, such as Jianyang also." This shows the long history of Jianyang lanterns, craftsmanship, the momentum of the majestic. Due to the complexity of this light production process, costly, according to the old man recalls, Jianyang only in celebration of the victory in the war of resistance against Japan and the celebration of land reform when engaged in the "high light". Vigorously advocating the promotion of excellent traditional culture of the folk today, Jianyang County, Tongyou village of Pengdun old folk artists Wu Guitang, Zhang Xitao led six farmers, in the village cadres and enthusiastic support, mobilizing villagers, voluntary donations of more than 3,000 yuan, and go around to buy the production of materials. They used more than two months by memory, rushed to make this up to 13 meters high, weighing 200 kilograms, hanging 36 different god-like flower basket lights decorated with large "high light". Parade performance by 24 people synchronized operation, extremely spectacular. In addition, with the performance of the interplay of 16 girls holding 32 traditional flower bowl lamps singing and dancing, three ancient percussion band and folk band **** more than 80 people.
This symbol of good luck, peace, affluence, "Gaozhao" lights team performance of the entire Spring Festival lantern race and dragon lantern race stamping activities to the climax of the mass of people's eyes, so that the Year of the Sheep Spring Festival and the Lantern Festival mass cultural activities appeared unprecedented new phenomenon, reflecting the charm of the folk art activities.
Huangkeng Candle Bridge - bench lamps and dragons reflecting the rainbow
Huangkeng Candle Bridge, also known as the "Candle Bridge Dragon Lanterns", which is connected by candlelight lamps and lanterns into a rainbow of lights and colorful bridge, 240 meters long. Huangkeng Candle Bridge originated in the early years of the Song Dynasty. It is the crystallization of the hard-working wisdom of the laboring people in Jiaheli (the original name of Huangkeng). In the early days, although there are lanterns, dragon lanterns, horse lanterns, boat lanterns, lion lanterns, flower drum lanterns and other lanterns to celebrate the Spring Festival and the Lantern Festival, but the Candle Bridge Lanterns are people's hearts in the auspicious lights, a year of success, a load of prosperity, are pinned on the Candle Bridge event.
Candle Bridge Lantern Festival is the largest folk art activity in the township, each lantern will have more than a hundred members. Candle bridge to the "board" for the unit, the board is 2 meters long, the board is fixed on each of the 3 candle lamps, the bottom of the board each has a 1.5-meter column for easy operation. Every year, each member of the Candle Bridge event, each member of the production of a board style, craftsmanship, similar size of the flower basket lamps, by 4 sections of 12 groups of 120 panels composed of candle bridge, plus the dragon's head and tail lamps, a *** 365 candle bridge, symbolizing 365 days of peace and tranquillity and fair winds and good rains, the five grains and six animals thrive. Dot candlelight inside the lamp, connected to a long rainbow candle bridge, just like a special long swimming dragon. When the procession is marching, there are two big cymbal gongs to open the way, four ceremonial cannons sounding, and dozens of colorful flags waving in the wind, hundreds of thousands of big peaches of longevity along the way to be distributed to the viewers and hundreds of candle bridge operation performers. If it is performed in a large playground, several long dragons shuttle performance "ten thousand" "life" and other words, more dazzling, dazzling. In addition to the drums and music, the salute cannon boom, doubling the grandeur of the magnificent.
Huangkeng Candle Bridge was lost for decades. In order to advocate the promotion of national folk culture, Huangkeng masses and restore the event. 1990 Lantern Festival, the county cultural departments and Huangkeng Township Government mobilized more than 10 large trucks, the candle bridge to the city to show off, causing a sensation. The event was broadcast on the evening news of the Lantern Festival on Fujian TV and CCTV.
The Beautiful Legend of Stinky Tofu Milk
Stinky Tofu Milk, also known as Jianyang Stinky Fragrance. It has been one of the eight specialties of Jianyang since the Song Dynasty. It has been loved by people for hundreds of years. It is only owned by authentic Jianyang people. There is a legend about stinky tofu milk: once upon a time, there was an old man who sold tofu. One day, after the old man's tofu had been sold for a day, there was still a small portion left unsold, and the old man casually put the tofu into a bowl and covered it with straw, and threw it aside.
The next day and the third day ...... the old man forgot that there was tofu in the bowl. After some days, he smelled a special stench, it turned out to be the bowl head in the leftover tofu issued, he could not throw away the stinky tofu, and these stinky tofu for some processing. He first tried to taste, the more he ate the more flavor, to the townspeople to eat is full of praise. He thought, this stinky tofu smells very stinky, but the flavor is very fragrant, let's call it "stinky tofu milk"!
Since then, the name "stinky tofu milk" has been called, and people love to eat it. To first cut the water into a thumb-sized tofu, put into the boiling water over the water drip dry and then loaded into the bowl head, the top with a straw cover tightly, to maintain a certain temperature. After 10 days or so, to be a block of tofu from white to gray, full of hairy body, and then get the sun until the hair on the tofu off, the color is a little reddish, to be put into the pre-prepared urn containing salt, home brewed red wine, garlic core and other dozens of condiments in the dip.
After a month, it can be taken out and eaten. Stinky tofu milk is fragrant, appetizing, and has high nutritional value. Among the many homemade farm foods, stinky tofu milk is one of the most popular foods. Families usually make a few small pots of it every year to prepare for the winter or for the off-season. For hundreds of years this stinky tofu milk, from the folk, enjoy from the folk, by the Jianyang people's favorite.
Folk etiquette
Ceremony
One, life celebration
Shui Ji area life celebration are "ten" for the big celebration, starting from "fifty years old" for "on life!
Shui Ji area life celebrations are "ten" for the big celebration, starting from "fifty years old" for "on life", the party began to celebrate, the most grand is sixty big celebration, called "flower armor". A few family names on the "old and thin" (seventy birthday) doubly important, there are communal ancestral temple, such as in the case of the old man of the clan year "seventy years old" birthday, to be set aside from the family property a number of quintals of rice as the person's birthday expenses, in order to show the communal congratulations.
Birthday celebration, in the rich and poor difference between large, ordinary people do a table or two banquet has been considered good; poor people only kill the head of the chickens and ducks to get together as a family. And rich gentry, bureaucratic families also take this opportunity to make a fortune, the family set up a birthday hall, lights and colors, to receive worship, set up banquets dozens of tables. During the Republic of China period, the governor of a water Ji birthday, townships and townships, the head of the joint casting of a gold Buddha to send. A few rich and powerful birthday also have a reputation, set up banquets in the ancestral hall, regardless of the poor and lowly, all feasts, the teenagers to pay tribute to the birthday also issued a bounty. And send someone to stand in front of the shrine, stopping to invite passers-by, even if the beggars are no exception, giving food and wine.
Two, childbirth
Newlywed children for the family's great joy, the same day or the next day to the grandmother's family "good news". If the baby is a boy, a tin teapot will be filled with glutinous rice, longan (cinnamon), hazelnuts, peanuts, melon seeds and other "five fruits"; if the baby is a girl, a wine altar will be filled with wine and carried to the grandmother's home, which is called the "report of the wine", so that along the way or the neighbors will know that the birth of a man and a woman are not the same.
(1) three Chao: the third day of the baby, called "three Chao", because of the different origins of different celebrations, some only with fried soybeans and wine to honor the guests; some of the plane with too much to honor the snacks.
(2) full moon: named full moon, in fact, only ten days to host a banquet to honor guests. Friends and family more than gift a rooster, eggs, a number of noodles. The grandmother's family to send a small grandson (daughter) to wear clothes, cradle with a lot of thread, chicken and eggs, called "send bottle". Son-in-law to the in-laws of the guests, to cook a bowl of chicken legs to each person as a snack, and then on the luncheon.
(3) the week of age: the average family is more simple, set up a banquet of one or two tables to entertain the grandmother's family and close friends. The rich and the literati are complicated, in addition to the large banquet, but also need to use the rice sieve or hold the tray, set up books, stationery, abacus, account books, gold and silver jewelry and other items, so that the week-old baby to choose to play in order to measure their aspirations for adulthood.
Three, build a house
(a) choose the base: the general family more self-selected home base, determine and do a good job after the contract, choose a good "auspicious day" can start building. Wealthy families should ask Mr. Geography to select the "treasure land", set the direction. Everything is ready to choose the "auspicious day of the zodiac" to start construction.
(2) to start: according to the selected "auspicious day of the zodiac" to start, the proprietor of the house to set "work wine", the first for when the workshop "land", and then the feast master craftsmen and helpers friends and relatives.
(3) on the beam: is an important event in the construction of the house, the host family are extremely important. First of all, the beam should be on the day before the beam from the mountain to choose a good cut back, special care, shall not allow women to cross and unrelated personnel to touch. Secondly, it must be carried out in the selected auspicious moment (mostly selected in the "d early" moment); thirdly, it is decorated, the center of the beam is pasted with red paper drawn with the "eight gui" graphics; the columns of the horizontal square is pasted with the "lucky stars shine brightly! The third is the decoration, the center of the beam is pasted with red paper drawn with the figure of "eight gui"; the horizontal square of the column is pasted with "lucky star high light"; the center column is pasted with "the column is happy to meet the zodiac day, on the beam coincidentally meets the Purple Star" couplet. When the beam is sent to firecrackers, the position, the carpenter will be pre-prepared by the master of the patty cake or buns down to throw, let people coaxing, to show that the color hair, the evening set up on the beam of wine to guests to show their gratitude.
(4) housewarming: the new house is completed, choose a good "auspicious day" before moving into the new home, generally choose the morning of the auspicious day, "Mao time". The whole family left the old house at the same time, leaving to light incense and candles and firecrackers to "thank the house", to the new house, the children should each carry a burning torch, two people carrying a basket with a "rice container" and a bed of cakes, and carry a lantern or a "horse lantern", and then move to the new house. "After entering the new house, a torch is put into the stove hall, and candles are lit for the god of the stove, incense is burned, paper is burned and firecrackers are set off to show that the fire is received and the god of peace is restored. The rest of the torches are placed at the main entrance, the lanterns are hung in the center of the main door, and the horse lanterns are placed on the table. The head of the family that is in the hall on the table lit a big red candle, lit a big red incense, and then burn paper firecrackers. This housewarming ceremony is all over. Then prepare a luncheon to invite guests, some first moved into a few days and then invited guests.
Marriage etiquette
In the old days, the marriage rituals were cumbersome, and young men and women had to listen to their parents' orders and the words of matchmakers for their marriages, which were mostly based on the prerequisite of "being a good matchmaker". Generally first by the male family commissioned the matchmaker to the woman proposed marriage. After the female party to identify the male family situation, that conditions are suitable, and then the daughter's birth date, the so-called year, month, day, time "eight characters" (also known as the "year geng") sent to the male party. The male party and then the two sides of the "birth g" please fortune-teller for projection, such as the calculation of the "Eight Charge", the male party will be "Geng stickers" returned to the female side, said to stop discussing marriage; such as no collusion, the male side that to the female side of the marriage. The male side that is to the female side of the marriage under the recruitment.
One, betrothal:
That is, the insertion of the record. After choosing an auspicious day, the parents of both sexes to organize banquets to invite friends and relatives, to show that the children's marriage has been fixed. The female side of the luncheon, the unmarried son-in-law as the main guest, the rest of the female side of the family and friends to accompany the table. Unmarried bridegroom to each table to the guests to toast, the toast to the person to have a red envelope as a meet gift (amount varies). The male party for the dinner party, the unmarried daughter-in-law as the guest of honor, etiquette and the female family with the same.
Second, the wedding "rituals":
More than choose the folk calendar set in the "auspicious day of the zodiac" for the wedding. The day before the wedding for the "betrothal" day, the man needs to arrange a number of people (generally eight to ten people) with the matchmaker, live chickens, live geese and other banquet items, red wine altar (altar mouth with the book with the "Double Happiness" red paper tie mouth), the bride cake, clothing, fruit to carry (rectangular cabinet type, with two red paper). A rectangular cabinet with two to three movable drawers: filled with fruits (varieties depending on the season), red eggs, part of the pig's feet and dried vegetables, with paper flowers on the top layer to cover the fruits, and "mountain alliance" (filled with a little bit of tea), and "sea vows" (filled with a little bit of salt). Two about 20 centimeters long and 10 centimeters wide red paper bag, symbolizing the love of unity and the meaning of growing old together, sent to the woman's home. At the same time to send "small gifts" a number of (named: Ke Jing, a hundred sons, a thousand grandchildren, canonical, vice canonical, Xuanshu, test piles, cooking soup, sweeping, pocket shoes, seat, stop the door and so on more than a dozen small red packets, about one or two hundred yuan) and "invitation to the uncle post" (four folded rectangular shape, written vertically) On the front side, it is written: "The new uncle is sitting", on the second side, it is written: "I would like to choose a certain year, a certain month, a certain day, at noon, respecting the cups and glasses, Feng Pan", on the third side, it is written: "Taiwan's driving to visit, talk about the smile and stretching, the friendship of marriage, I am looking forward to it", and on the bottom side, it is written: "The session will be held at the same time. The bottom side of the book: "the session of the early arrival, Picnic", "right on the", "the great talent honored in-laws uncle Mr. so and so", in-laws brother so and so bow".
Three, welcome marriage:
Male family prepared sedan chair, drummer and matchmaker to go to the female home to meet the bride. The woman's home to cook too plane to invite the bride to eat snacks. The bride washed and made up, covered with a red scarf, by the uncle or eldest brother to carry on the sedan chair, intended to prevent the bride's feet stick away from the mother's family soil and take away the good luck. At the same time, the arrangement of a number of people (due to the number of trousseau more or less set the number of people) to carry the dowry to send the bride. Auspicious time to, that is, in front of the ancestor card burning candles and incense, cannon to send off the bride. In addition, the woman's family should also be "small gifts" to send back to the man's family. "Small gift" with the male side of the same outside, plus a test bucket, beauty, old man, ice man, add five small packages. Sending relatives on the bar is also attached to the Jishu "Yu Jie", "Bingqing" (containing a little bit of rock sugar), "mountain roots" (fern flour), "Ma Lin "(sesame)," Douyuan "(soybean) and other five red paper packages (shape with the male party), meaning that virtue and virtue, the male family can marry after the development of the family to add a full house of children and grandchildren. At the same time attached to the "please Lang sticker", the content in addition to changing individual words, and please uncle sticker is basically the same. Rich households have to maidservant, land and property deeds, gold and silver jewelry with the dowry; medium-sized family only accompanied by a small amount of jewelry and were tent clothing cabinets, etc.; poor people only accompanied by pots and buckets, clothing boxes, mirrors and a small amount of clothing. Bureaucratic rich gentry home to send the marriage team have two people carrying lanterns, two people blowing trombones as a guide, pianoforte and drums accompanying the queue.
Color sedan chair arrived at the male home, the cannon to welcome. Bride out of the sedan chair, by the announcement of the ceremony officer read the auspicious words, by the bridesmaids to help the bride to the hall and the groom in the hall both kneeling to worship heaven and earth, ancestors and grandparents, parents, known as the "worship". Then the new couple into the new room, the bride and groom drink "cup wine". In the new room, in the new bed everywhere put some candy peanuts, etc., open the door to let the children into the room coaxing, adding to the lively atmosphere. At this time, both men and women, young and old can enter the new room to see the bride, teasing the bride, said "haunted the new room". At the same time, choose a smart boy to the new toilet to pee (test bucket), meaning that the bride will be born early, the chosen boy can get a gift from the new toilet. The new room in the lighted candles, illuminated all night, called "cave flower candles", also known as "small Dengke". The next day, for the bride "temple see day", Jin worship in-laws, relatives and elders. The recipient of the worship to give "meet the gift". Then, the bride goes into the kitchen to worship the God of Stove, which is called "cooking". Three days after the wedding, the bride and her son-in-law to prepare gifts to return to the mother's home, visit the parents-in-law and relatives, commonly known as the "three dynasties back to the door". But in the evening must return to the husband's home, to show that "the month is not empty". This is the end of the old marriage rituals.
"May Fourth" movement, advocating civilized marriage, men and women to hold a wedding ceremony, the bride and groom wearing a red flower on the chest, and invited local celebrities as witnesses, parents of the two sides to officiate at the wedding, matchmakers for the introduction of people, the marriage ceremony is simple but grand. However, it was only practiced by some intellectuals and public officials.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the State promulgated the Marriage Law, under which marriages between men and women were protected by law. Parents may not arrange or interfere in their children's marriages, let alone buy or sell them. Men and women who have fallen in love freely and reached the legal age for marriage may obtain a marriage certificate from the Government. Some participate in collective marriages organized by their units; some travel abroad to get married; and some have new marriages, with no alcohol, but only refreshments and wedding candies. In rural areas, there are still a few people in the marriage of daughters to ask for a high bride price to engage in the sale of marriage; some in the organization of the wedding ceremony on the occasion of the phenomenon of wastefulness.
In addition, there is a marriage is a man to the woman's home to get married, and become a member of the woman's family. The so-called "into the family" that is "to recruit extra horse harnessed by the side of a team". The woman is the only daughter, to recruit men to enter the support of women's parents, this is "into the family". Women's husbands died, young children, living without a male recruited to support the whole family, which is commonly known as the "door". In the old society, the man to the woman's home on the marriage, that is very dishonorable and was despised. After the liberation, with the implementation of the Marriage Law and the implementation of family planning, such ideas have been initially reversed.
Funeral etiquette
I. Funeral rites
Whether men or women die of illness, the body first side of the hall, and then in the middle of the hall in the coffin. Where the family has a funeral out of the house, when asked, the answer is: a family "over the body" or "after" or "sleep" or "old age The first is to say, "I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry.
(a) stopping the corpse: under normal circumstances, after the change of clothes, only stop the corpse for one or two days and nights to close the coffin, such as children from afar did not come back or "after the head" did not arrive, can only be sent to the coffin (the lid is not nailed to death) in order to let the children or "after the head" arrived to see a side of the coffin after the closure.
(The coffin is not nailed down)
(2) choose a hole: (choose a burial place) by Mr. Geography, some places Mr. Yin Yang both. Most of the rich and powerful families have already found good "feng shui" caves before their deaths, and some of them have already been repaired and are waiting to be used. General family more in the death of a family of Mr. Calculate the birth of the deceased and the hour of death, to determine the direction of burial of the mountains, and then to determine the direction of the mountains to find a suitable cave. After the selection of the center axis with a compass and insert a bamboo stick mark, to determine the day before the funeral, by the soil public and a number of helpers to open the hole, while preparing to seal the hole with masonry and other things.
(3) super: (dojo, commonly known as merit) set up filial piety hall, hanging couplets, depending on the economic conditions, can be complicated or simple, Yan Dao Nianjing worship Chian do the deed of the time varies, the poorest also want to do a night, more than three or five nights, the longer the longer the more patterns. Finally, but also to turn the coffin string funeral, burning paper boats. Mourning period, there are daughters still need to set up an altar. Junior in the morning, in the middle, evening, late at night four times crying, please the dead meal and sleep.
Second, funeral rites
(a) Funeral: the time to choose the dawning of the time (six to seven o'clock in the morning), before the coffin, the first filial son and daughter of filial piety to pay homage to the coffin (coffin worship) kneeling on both sides of the coffin to show that the accompanying tribute. Then, friends and relatives pay their respects, and the coffin is lifted after the end of all the sacrifices. In general, there are eight people carrying the coffin (commonly known as the "Eight Immortals"), and for those whose burial places are farther away (more than five kilometers away), four more people are added for rotation on the way (because they are not allowed to stop on the way after the coffin has been lifted), and there are from sixteen to thirty-two people carrying the coffin for the rich families. Generally, a gong is sounded to open the way, suona leads the way (nowadays there are drums or mournful music leading the way in market towns), and then there are elegiac couplets (plus wreaths in modern times), and then there is the coffin silhouette, and the filial son is barefooted with straw shoes, wearing hemp and mourning, wearing a straw rope around his waist, holding a funeral stick in one hand and supporting the coffin in the other. Along the way, such as encountered fork in the road, the filial son is required to rush forward to the fork in the road kneeling, so to speak, not to go the wrong way. After the coffin for the female relatives crying to send, and then the general male relatives and friends of the queue, are wearing a white hat, waist tie white belt. Wherever encountered along the fork in the road need to light firecrackers, known as the "roadblock", and the filial son kneeling synonymous. Funeral procession, in addition to the filial son sent to the cemetery, the rest only to the village that is the end, and according to the original route back to eat the funeral meal, generally more generous, after several rounds of wine, the daughter-in-law of the bereaved family to the relatives of the elders table kneeling toast to the table of friends and relatives in general toast to show their appreciation.
(2) into the earth: according to the chosen hour into the earth, sealing the hole, on the monument, build a platform, and then light candles on incense burning paper and sounding cannons, to the end of the burial. Filial son to the presence of the reward issued by the "blessed land" auspicious money, commonly known as "full of red".
(3) receiving Feng Shui: after the "full red", the filial son put on clean clothes and shoes, light torches, carry "silver bag" (red cloth sewn into four corners of the eaves of the bag, filled with rice and eggs) and bottles (filled with water) and wind lamps, etc., accompanied by oboe returned, sprinkling drops of wine along the way. Along the way while walking and sprinkling drops of water in the bottle of wine until the home, sounding the cannon, placed on the table until, said to attract the Devon home, commonly known as "catching the feng shui".
The Spring Festival Play
The folk play circulated in the area of Jianou, Jianyang, Songxi, Zhenghe. This kind of play is performed during the Spring Festival every year, hence its name.
The actors of spring play are very few, usually two or three people can perform, and the most is only six or seven people. Most of the performances take place in the small halls of farmhouses, where each family plays one or two small plays, the short ones lasting only a few minutes to half an hour each, and the long ones lasting just over an hour. Because of the small population in the past, the village is small, from night to dawn almost every family can perform over, perform not charge money for the play, as long as the proprietor gift rice cake, red orange, popcorn and other festive food, if it is a large village, every family after the night performance, but also in the daytime to perform a big Ben's stage play.
The repertoire of spring play is not much, reflecting the content are closer to the reality of rural life. The content is easy to understand, simple and fluent, folk song flavor is very strong. Therefore, the spring play can be said to emanate a strong local flavor of the peasant theater.
Bird Step Dance
Jianyang City, Chongluo Town, a folk dance. The so-called bird dance is the dancer's feet to imitate birds jumping action, locally known as "bird jump". According to different jumping methods can be divided into "high bird jumping step" and "short bird jumping step", respectively, to imitate different birds. "High bird jumping step" each team of four people, upper body bare shoulders, lower body shorts, bare feet, head binding a red cloth, hands holding a red wooden stick, dance, four people first stand into four corners, and then with the gongs and drums point, feet front and back at the same time cross Tengjun jumping forward, according to the Taiji curve change position, turn back to the original place for one time. The "Short Sparrow Jumping Steps" are also performed by a team of four, with attire like the "High Sparrow Jumping Steps", but with the "Dragon's Horn" and the "Master's Bell" held in each hand. "When dancing, they squat as in the opera "Shorter Steps", but when advancing, they also have to jump at the same time, alternating between the front and back feet. The change of position is like the "high bird jumping step". The name of this dance is inherent, and the villagers say it was passed down from their ancestors, but the age is not clear. The dance team generally consists of twelve people (another four people as a guide, clean up the dance site) called "twelve battalion. Bird Step Dance is mostly used for the gods to pray for rain when jumping, so it is also known as the "bird step rain dance".