Caring for the empty-nested elderly is a concrete embodiment of scientific development and people-oriented, an inevitable requirement for building a harmonious society, and a due responsibility of the state, society, family and every citizen, as well as an important part of the Women's Federation to perform its duties and actively participate in social management. To this end, the Xinpu District Women's Federation of the city's "empty-nested elderly" living conditions were carefully investigated, to grasp the situation in a timely manner, for the Women's Federation of organizations to actively participate in social management to provide a basis.
First, the city's "empty-nested elderly" basic situation
In recent years, with the increase in the elderly population, the trend of aging accelerated, "empty-nested" families, many families can not afford to take care of the elderly, the need for social services and "empty-nested" elderly. The proportion of elderly people and "empty nesters" in need of social services is gradually rising. The survey shows that there are four main reasons for the "empty nester": first, children's work is not around; second, the son of the natural separation of the family, the daughter married; third, the elderly and children do not get along and do not want to live together.
Second, the current "empty nest elderly" living conditions and problems
(a) relatively poor economic conditions
Urban "empty nest elderly" living conditions are relatively good, most of the elderly families rely on pensions, about 10% rely on social assistance, 9% rely on social assistance. Most of the elderly families rely on pensions, about 10% on social assistance, and about 9% on other sources. But the rural "empty nest elderly" income sources, the economy is very difficult, living conditions are relatively poor, they live a simple life, wearing clothes are years ago, eat most of the home-grown grains and vegetables, and usually it is difficult to eat meat once, in the New Year's holidays, people come and go, life has improved. And most of the rural young adults are out to work, but the income is thin, the children of the average monthly cost of living per person to the elderly less than 150 yuan, and some families even in the middle of the year did not give enough to the elderly 150 yuan of living expenses.
(2) the health condition is worrying
In the empty-nesting elderly "in the rate of chronic diseases as high as 70% -80%, although most of the elderly are enrolled in medical insurance, due to low reimbursement rate, to the hospital to see a doctor, but also need to pay the high cost, the elderly are usually a small disease to endure, the big disease to delay, so perennial suffering from disease, and some families even have a "disease caused by the family". Some families even suffer from the phenomenon of "poverty due to illness" and "returning to poverty due to illness". More elderly people, for fear of burdening their children, take some cheap painkillers every time they have an attack of illness and hide their illnesses, preferring to suffer on their own rather than give their children any trouble. Children go out to earn a living is usually once a year back, there is not much money to parents to see a doctor, is often more than enough
(C) life lonely emotional emptiness
"empty nest elderly" are the existence of monotonous lifestyle problems. The main recreational activities of urban "empty-nesters" are playing poker and mahjong, and at night some elderly women go to the community square to do fitness dancing. On the other hand, rural "empty nesters" are dispersed and, in some cases, do not have a fixed place for recreation due to limited conditions. Whether they are urban or rural elderly, their greatest fear is loneliness, a sense of emptiness is their common emotion, they live in a state of "a lock at the door, a light at the door", going out and coming back alone. In the survey, it was found that the vast majority of the elderly were lonely, depressed and had no one to talk to. They are tired all year round, emotional loneliness coupled with missing relatives and other complex emotional factors, the elderly physical and mental damage caused by the accelerated entry into the ranks of Alzheimer's disease, most of the elderly there is depression, despondency and loneliness, behavioral withdrawal phenomenon.
(D) security problems exist hidden danger
As the "empty nest elderly" older, mobility, very easy to become the object of criminals to commit crimes. Against the elderly personal injury, theft, robbery, fraud and other illegal and criminal behavior is also more, so that the elderly personal safety and stability of life has been affected to some extent. At the same time, some of the elderly poor physical condition, physical condition, once the danger signal, there is no loved ones around, it is easy to accident, every year, "empty nest elderly" due to myocardial infarction, cerebral thrombosis, and other acute illnesses do not rescue in time, there are dozens of cases to dozens of death.
Third, the role of women's federations in improving the living conditions of the "empty-nested elderly"
(a) to play the role of women's federations as a bridge to call on government departments to establish and improve the protection mechanism
1, we must continue to improve the system of minimum subsistence protection. The government should further broaden the scope of the object of the minimum subsistence guarantee, no source of livelihood, long-term illness, long treatment, loss of self-care ability, and meet the conditions of regular assistance or low income, "empty nest elderly", in a timely manner, they are included in the object of assistance, to give regular assistance or enjoy the low income treatment, to provide the minimum subsistence guarantee.
2, increase the support for social pension insurance for urban and rural residents. To appropriately increase the proportion of government subsidies, increase the strength of government support, through a series of policy incentives to attract farmers to participate in the insurance. Develop and improve interrelated and complementary pension insurance measures to promote the transformation of rural family filial piety pension to institutional pension.
3, accelerate the construction of elderly service facilities. First, the government invested in each community to establish a welfare home that can accommodate about 100 people, and staff salaries are included in the financial budget. The second is to strengthen the village, the community as the basic unit of the construction of the elderly activities, increase newspapers, magazines and other reading materials and the necessary fitness equipment, to provide places for the elderly to enjoy. Third, the townships (towns), streets to set up grass-roots organizations for the elderly, villages, communities to establish "empty-nesting elderly" family files, and vigorously advocate and organize a volunteer team, organizing volunteers, healthy elderly people of the younger age group, to take the approach of pairing up to help the elderly to provide spiritual comfort, cultural life, and other services, to solve the problem of "empty-nesting elderly", and to provide a better service for the elderly. The "empty nest elderly" life care problem.
(2) strengthen publicity and education, strengthen the function of family pension, the development of home care mode
Although most of the "empty-nested elderly" living alone at home is very lonely, but still want to live at home, do not want to choose to stay in the old age apartments, the family pension is still in the future for a long time the way of old age. Therefore, on the one hand, it is necessary to start with the moral rule of the family, starting from the family cell, and actively create a good culture of honoring the elderly and respecting the elderly in the family, and promote the traditional virtue of respecting the elderly and loving and caring for the elderly. Women's federations at all levels should strengthen publicity and education on the traditional virtues of "respect for the elderly, love for the young, filial piety and respect for the elderly", and call for the establishment of grass-roots associations for the elderly, urging their children to care for the elderly carefully and thoughtfully, and public opinion should condemn any children who do not show filial piety and respect for the elderly, and the children's units and organizations should make serious criticisms and educate them. Women's federations at all levels should join forces with the relevant units to continue to promote "civilized families", "harmonious families", "models of filial piety and respect for the elderly", and "good sons and daughters-in-law and good mothers-in-law", Good daughter-in-law, good mother-in-law," and other excellent family roles should be selected and recognized. On the other hand, it is necessary to further promote the agreement system for the elderly; if children do not fulfil their maintenance obligations in a timely manner, grass-roots associations for the elderly and women's organizations should supervise and help them to implement them in a timely manner, and, if necessary, they can help the elderly to resolve the problem by legal means, so as to provide effective legal protection for the elderly "empty nesters" in their old age. To increase the non-performance of support obligations, not filial piety and respect for the elderly behavior exposure, so that the whole society to condemn this unfilial behavior, as a warning. Third, we must actively explore the family as the core, based on the village, community, from the city to the rural radiation, living at home for the "empty-nested elderly" to provide the necessary life care, health care, legal aid, spiritual comfort, etc. as the main content of the new model of old age.
(C) to fulfill the duty of rights protection, innovative means of rights protection services, in accordance with the law to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the empty-nested elderly
"Empty-nested elderly" reflect more is still the issue of rights protection. Whether it is from the society of discrimination, bullying the elderly illegal behavior, or from the children shirking each other, refused to support the old people's morality and forget the roots, can be through the legal process to maintain the old people's own legitimate rights and interests are not infringed upon. Women's organizations at all levels should actively promote the implementation of the Elderly Act and other laws and policies relating to the protection of the lawful rights and interests of the elderly by governments at all levels and by the relevant departments, do a good job of safeguarding the lawful rights and interests of "empty-nested elderly people" in terms of pension protection and medical care, and set up a system of legal aid for the lawful rights and interests of the elderly, and seize the typical cases of infringement of rights and interests to provide legal aid and public opinion support for the elderly. The elderly to provide legal aid and public opinion support, to help the elderly use legal weapons to protect their legitimate rights and interests.
(4) Women's volunteer activities, the establishment of a social care mechanism, the development of elderly services
1, women's volunteers to carry out love service activities. Women's organizations at all levels to organize women volunteers, party representatives, for the empty-nested elderly actively carry out love service activities, the implementation of pairing help, regular home visits and follow-up services, timely understanding of the basic situation of the "empty-nested elderly", to solve some practical problems. Actively solve problems for the empty-nested elderly, so that they can really enjoy the fruits of social development and feel the warmth of the social family. Timely discovery, excavation of typical characters and stories, to create a good social atmosphere of women volunteers to help "empty-nested elderly", and further stimulate women volunteers to participate in the enthusiasm of social management, and promote the construction of a harmonious society.
2, play the role of mutual assistance for the elderly. Most of the elderly in their old age, the most afraid of spiritual loneliness, loneliness, afraid of becoming a social and family "burden", to care for the spiritual and cultural life of the elderly, more for them to participate in social activities to create conditions. We should care for the spiritual and cultural life of the elderly and create more conditions for them to participate in social activities. Through the establishment of mutual-aid groups for the elderly in the community, we advocate that the elderly of lower age should serve the elderly of higher age and that the healthy elderly should serve the frail elderly, so as to promote the complementarity of strengths among the elderly. Home-based services are provided to "empty-nest" elderly people who suffer from illnesses and lack the ability to take care of themselves, so as to effectively address the concerns of sick, frail and "empty-nest" elderly people. To carry out medical, life care and other home services, the establishment of family hospital beds, providing free or low-cost medical care services.
3, vigorously develop community elderly services. Actively encourage laid-off women workers, unemployed women engaged in community elderly service work, in the community to open the elderly day-care center, chat, housekeeping services, set up a helpline, provide chat, daily care, grocery shopping and cooking, accompanied by the medical delivery of medicines, nanny services, and other community services, in a timely manner, for the elderly to solve their problems. Community marriage service organizations have been established. Once a husband and wife living alone lose one of their spouses, problems will arise in terms of financial and life care. And remarriage is a prerequisite for the elderly to realize the loss of spouses to support each other, to "empty nest" living alone in the old man matchmaking, to create a happy home, so that they live a peaceful and healthy life in their twilight years.