Zhenba County currently has 42 households and 255 Miao compatriots. They were originally mainly distributed in Qingshui Township, Dachu, Renhe and other places 50 kilometers away from the north of Zhenba County and over 1,400 meters above sea level. They are Shaanxi , and even the largest Miao settlement in the northwest region. According to local literature, these Miao people migrated long distances from Zunyi, Guizhou in the 50th year of Qianlong's reign (AD 1785) to avoid war and famine. At that time, they mainly included Xiong, Tao, Li, Wu, Yang, and Ma. The six surnames are mainly distributed in Liangqiao Township. At that time, due to "ethnic discrimination", these Miao people took their families and lived in the deep mountains and old forests of Dazhu and Renhe, which are in the alpine and remote mountainous areas.
Most of the Miao people originally lived in caves and thatched houses. The natural conditions were very harsh, which brought great difficulties to their production, life and children's schooling. It once seriously restricted the quality of the Miao people. improvement and economic development. Xijiang Miao Village is located in the southeast of Kaili, Guizhou, turning northeast from the Leishan intersection and northeast of Leigong Mountain, 39 kilometers away from Kaili, the state capital. It is the largest Miao village in the country, with more than 5,600 people and more than 1,250 households. Therefore, it is called "Thousand-household Miao Village". Xijiang is the transliteration of "Jidao" in Miao language, which means the place where the Xi branch of the Miao people lives. The residents here are all Miao people and call themselves "Ga Nao". Xijiang Miao Village is located 36 kilometers northeast of Leishan. The people living here are the Xi branch of the Miao ethnic group. Qianhu Miao Village is surrounded by mountains and mountains. The terraced fields follow the mountains and connect directly to the sky. The Baishui River passes through the village and divides the Xijiang Miao Village into two. In Xijiang Miao Village, 99% of the village is Miao. Liping Zhaoxing Dong Village has more than 900 households and more than 3,800 people in Xijiang Miao Village, so it is known as the "No. 1 Dong Village". There are 5 families in the village, and each family has a drum tower, 5 drum towers, 5 flower bridges, and 5 Dong opera towers. These buildings with rich Dong architectural characteristics are still well preserved.
In Xijiang Miao Village, you can enjoy a special Miao-style dinner. During the dinner, you will be toasted by the Miao girl Fei Ge, and you can watch thousands of people on the beautiful balcony of the Miao Diaojiaolou (balcony railing, called the beauty chair by the Miao family). Thousands of houses in Hu Miao Village are lit with lights. You can also watch a performance of bronze drums and reed instruments, and stay in a Miao family stilted building at night.
In Xijiang Miao Village, there are four gullies in the whole village, which merge into the Xijiang River respectively. The river flows around the foot of the village from south to north, dividing the village into two: Pingzhai, Dongyin and Yangpai to the north of the river; Shuizhai, Wuga, Yehao and Nangui to the south. The river water irrigates the farmland along the stream, flows to the Guading River and flows into the Qingshui River. There is a cement bridge on the river connecting the north and the south; there is also a road bridge. It is a railing-type cement bridge and is a place where young and old in the village rest, gather and receive guests. The bamboo forest is green beside the bridge, and the water is gurgling under the bridge. Xijiang Miao Village is surrounded by liquidambar trees, fir trees and green pine trees.
The people of Xijiang Miao Village have always been hospitable. During festivals or normal times, when guests come to the Miao family, the whole family, old and young, warmly welcomes them. The host holds bowls of fragrant rice wine with both hands and offers them to the guests to express their welcome. If you invite guests to drink during a festival, the etiquette will be even more grand. Daily diet is mainly based on sour, spicy, sweet and other foods. Pickled cabbage, spicy pickled vegetables, pickled fish, pickled meat, pickled bamboo shoots, and pickled bracken are prepared according to the season. Fresh fish cooked in sour soup is delicious. Every Miao year, every family makes sweet wine and cooks frozen fish to entertain guests. They also like to go to the mountains to pick wild vegetables. Bracken (bracken) is a favorite wild vegetable of the Miao people. The national costumes are bright and eye-catching, with various designs and colors. Young women are dressed in festive costumes, wearing silver flowers, a silver comb, a silver hairpin, a silver-wrapped cloth piece, earrings, and three to four flower button-style silver necklaces hanging around their necks; some wear ancient costumes and plain clothes with large flowers. The corners, shoulders and sleeves are decorated with all kinds of silver flower pieces), a black crepe skirt, twenty-four flower belts and a large flower apron; three or four silver bracelets are worn on the hands, and the whole body is dressed up with silver glitter. .
Xijiang Miao women have been fond of embroidery since childhood. There are crepe embroidery, flat embroidery, stacked embroidery and appliqué embroidery. Long is famous for its crepe embroidery. Crepe embroidery uses eight, ten or twelve strands of floral threads to weave various colored ribbons, and then embroiders them with patterns of flowers, grass, birds, fish, insects, animals, etc., and fixes them on collars, sleeves, corners, and straps. , rich in three-dimensional sense. Xijiang silver jewelry has exquisite craftsmanship and is well-known both inside and outside the province.
Xijiang is known as "the hometown of Lusheng". In the sixth month of the lunar calendar, there is the "New Eating Festival" and in October of the Miao Year, there is the "Lusheng Festival". Men, women, old and young, dressed in festive costumes, gather at the Lusheng field to watch the music and dance of the Lusheng.
Geduo Miaozhai
It is located in the southeast of Duyun City, Qiannan Prefecture, 35 kilometers away from the city. The current administrative area belongs to Xinchang Village, Wangsi Community, Yundong Town, Duyun Economic Development Zone. Geduo Miaozhai is a Xinchang Village There are currently 720 households in the six large Miao villages, with a population of 3,600, 98% of which are Miao. Basically, each village here is inhabited by the Miao people with one surname. There are 290 households with 1,360 people in the single Geduo village. The village is inhabited by a large family with the surname Lu. "Geduo" is a Miao dialect, literally translated as Dazhaizi. The Geduo Miao Village speaks the central dialect of Miao, and is known as Qingmiao or short-skirted Miao, and calls itself "Ganu". Worship the cuckoo, the cow, and the liquidambar tree. Geduo Miao Village is a unique Miao village in southern Guizhou, with rich Miao culture preserved. In 2013, Geduo Miao Village was recognized by the National Committee for the Protection and Development of Traditional Villages and was selected into the third batch of Chinese traditional villages. Nanhua Miao Village is located in Sankeshu Town, Kaili City, Guizhou Province, on the banks of the beautiful Bala River. The village
The village is built on the mountain and hidden among the lush green trees. Nanhua, called NANGLHFIB in Miao language, means below the Ouhua River. In the Miao language, Wushao River is called Ouhua. Nanhua is named Nanhua because it is located in the lower reaches of Wushao River, that is, the mountains on the right bank of the lower reaches of Ouhua River. Nanhua, a Miao village on the bank of Bala River 18 kilometers away from Kaili City, is called Ba One of the eight villages in Lahe Rural Tourism. The village is surrounded by mountains to the east, across the river from Laoyazhai to the west, 1.3 kilometers from Zhanyuan to the south, and the Bala River to the north. The village has towering ancient trees and wooden houses with tiled roofs. The settlements are divided into two points, upper and lower, in a dot shape. In front of the village, there is a Lu (mountain) and a banyan (river) highway passing along the right bank of the river across the river. Ma Niao Miao Village is located in Danzhai County, Qiandongnan Prefecture; the word Ma Niao is sometimes also called Ma Lue. This is the birthplace of the golden pheasant and Miao reed pipes. The reed pipes they make are first-class and well-known throughout the Miao territory. It is also the most famous Miao village in the Miao golden pheasant dance. The golden pheasant is the totem of the golden pheasant seedlings. In order to worship this sacred bird sent from heaven, the clever Miao girl used her skillful hands to weave ribbons as beautiful as the golden pheasant's feathers. She imitated the long tail of the golden pheasant and wrapped the ribbons around them one by one. Wear silver ornaments on the waist and head, and dance on the field dam imitating the movements of the golden pheasant. European and American countries call the Golden Pheasant Dance "the most original ballet". Wusha Miao Village is located in Nanshao Township, Jianhe County, Qiandongnan Prefecture, Guizhou Province. Wusha Village governs three natural villages: Wusha,
Jiushao and Wushaoxi. Wusha Village is located in Yangasha Lake The east bank of the middle reaches of Nanshao River, a tributary, belongs to the "Baili Primitive Broad-leaf Forest" and "Yang Asha Lake" scenic spots. It is about 3 kilometers away from Nanshao Waterway and about 8 kilometers overland. There are more than 90 households and more than 500 people in the village, which are inhabited by the Miao people. Local rumors say that the ancestors of Wusha originally lived in Wushao River. The current site of Wusha Village is a virgin forest. When the ancestors were working nearby, they heard the cries of rails in the forest and concluded that there was water in the forest. After a survey, we found that there is a sloping mountain ridge inside, and there is water trickling down from the back mountain. At the foot of the ridge, the sound of the waterfall is like thunder. This environment is more suitable for human habitation, so some villagers moved here one after another from Wushao River.
Pojiao Miao Village
Pojiao Miao Village is located in Bago Town in the east of Duyun City, Guizhou Province, 36 kilometers away from the urban area. There are more than 1,000 people in more than 300 households in the village, all of whom are Miao. Pojiao Village is named because it is located at Pojiao. Pojiao Village still retains its simple and rich Miao customs. The hospitable Miao people welcome guests with 18-gun iron cannons, toast with home-brewed rice wine, and present welcome eggs and flower ribbons. Before the guests enter the village, there are three "barrel wines" to welcome the guests; after entering the village, You can enjoy folk songs and dances such as Lusheng Dance, Bronze Drum Dance, Couple's Duel Song, etc., interspersed with the interesting face-painting game. Since Pojiao Village in Bago Town, Duyun City was designated as the Qiannan Prefecture Ethnic Tourism Village in 1995, it has received many admiring Chinese and foreign visitors and many news media such as CCTV's program groups and Hong Kong Phoenix TV. Widely disseminated at home and abroad. Dunan Miao Village, also called Dunan Short Skirt Miao Village, is the holy land where Chi You finally rested. It was named because of the people living in short skirts. The original name was Tongnan, but the official name was Dunan Village. In myths, legends and ancient folk songs, its name is Yehelue, which means a place where the sea of ??clouds is vast. Dunan Short Skirt Miao Village lives in a flat place halfway up a large mountain ridge, like sitting on a saddle, while the horse is moving forward, soaring in the clouds and mist. There are several crystal clear cold water wells in the village, and several large trees dotted in every corner of the village. The scenery is very special. People call Dunan Short Skirt Miao Village "a very beautiful and charming Miao village. It feels like a village built in the sky." Yang Changlun, the first county magistrate of Leishan County, Qiandongnan Prefecture (and re-elected Sixth session) was born here.
The village where the Miao people live in short skirts is located on the southwest edge of Leishan County, Guizhou Province, at the southern foot of Leigong Mountain, bordering Danzhai County. The whole village governs three natural villages: Danggu, Zuogu, and Tongnan, and has nine villagers. There are currently 279 households with a total population of 1,122 people, all of whom are short-skirted Miao people. The Zongba Festival held in the fifth lunar month every year in the Dunan Miao Village is the most mysterious ethnic festival in the Miao villages within a radius of several hundred miles. It is also the most unique ethnic festival in the Dunan Miao Village, and it is a festival that only the Dunan Miao Village can celebrate. It has quite a few rules, which are different from any Miao village anywhere. It is famous far and wide and mysterious. Dunan Miao Village has simple folk customs and is rarely visited by outsiders. It is the best-preserved uncontaminated ecological and cultural land in southeastern Guizhou. It is an ideal kingdom for human beings to return to their original nature and return to nature. Nan Xiangye, a contemporary young Miao writer and well-known journalist, was born in this land. Because of Nan Xiangye, Dunan Miao Village is famous and has attracted more than 100 poets and writers from all over the country to write poems and compositions for it. The Miao women here wear short skirts in all seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter. They are mysterious and seductive, simple and beautiful. The Miao compatriots in short skirts here live relatively high. Therefore, surrounded by the mountains and the surrounding strong culture, they have become a vulnerable group. Not only are their culture not respected, short skirts are also used as an object of ridicule or regarded as backward. , a symbol of ignorance. Their houses range from ancestors' thatched huts to large-scale, complex structures and fully functional stilted wooden buildings. The short-skirted Miao compatriots in the Dunan Miao Village have gone through a long period of time and experienced countless tests of water and fire, wind and rain. Although the village seems a bit remote and closed in the mountains, it is only the area that is closed, not the human soul. Nan Xiangye believes that their advanced clothing has been in line with the excellent human character today and is a global fashion. The poet has something to say: "Dunan Village, the strong heart of the mountains received God's revelation in Guizhou/in southeastern Guizhou/you fed the original flames and the strong youth/they surged like the open sea/(even though the sea is actually thousands of miles away) Outside). / They leave you today in order to return to you tomorrow with a whole world outside the mountains. " Jiaochang Miao Village is 5 kilometers away from Leishan County and is under the jurisdiction of Danjiang Town. In 1729, Emperor Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty sent Guizhou Governor Zhang Guangsi to go deep into the Miao area in southeastern Guizhou to establish the Sixth Hall of Miaojiang. Among them, the Danjiang Hall was built in Leishan. The hall was built on the top of the village of Jiaochang Miao Village on the slope of Yeyi, and was stationed there. There is an army. There are several relatively wide contiguous rice fields between Jiaochang Miao Village and Yeyiting City. The government expropriated the land as a training ground for training garrison troops, so the name of this Miao Village was also officially called a teaching field. During the Tongzhi period of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Xiumei and Yang Daliu led the Miao uprising army to break through the old Danjiang Hall. Eighteen years later, Zhang and Yang Miao people's uprising was defeated, and the old Danjiang Office moved to the city. However, the name of "Jiaochang" in Wufang Miao Village was still passed down. When people call "Jiaochang", they habitually pronounce "Chang" as "Jiaochang". The third sound is "chǎng" ("chang" and "chang" are the same pronunciation in Mandarin, but the pronunciations of "chang" and "chang" are different in the local dialect), so "Jiaochang" got its name. But the name of the Miao remains "Wufang".
There are 214 households in Jiaochang Miao Village, with a population of nearly 800 people. There are three surnames, namely Li, Fan and Teng. After the Qing government built Danjiang City on the top of Yeyi Mountain, several villagers from Jiaochang who lived under the city went to the city to do some small business. One of them sells rice, one sells it to Teng Teng, who specializes in weaving straw sandals, and the other sells plum fruits. Over time, people in the city called them "Old Fan", "Old Teng" and "Old Li". As a result, three surnames emerged in Jiaochang Village: Fan, Teng and Li. Although there are three surnames in the teaching factory, they all come from the same clan. Since the three surnames belong to the same clan, intermarriage has always been prohibited in the village. To marry a girl, you have to go to a village of a different clan outside the village to find her.
The ethnic festivals of Jiaochang Miao Village are the same as those of other Miao communities in Danjiang Town. They celebrate the New Food Festival in June of the lunar calendar, the Miao New Year Festival in October of the lunar calendar, and the Guzang Festival of the Chennian cycle in the thirteenth year. . During the Chinese New Year, Lusheng playing and Lusheng dancing are still used as entertainment in the village, and the villagers are very enthusiastic. Most of the people watching the excitement come from Miao villages such as Wushao, Jidao and Zhuidi in Kaili.
Also belonging to Jiaochang Village, there is a Miao village called Dongshanping, with 40 households, mostly with the surname Li. It is separated from Jiaochang Miao Village by a slope. The Diaojiaolou is located in a valley. The building is hidden among the lush green trees. If you don't enter the village, you would never think that there is a mysterious Miao village here. The surname Li among the villagers here is of the same origin as the surname Li in Jiaochang, so the festival customs are the same as those in Jiaochang Miao Village.
The Miao name of this place is "Yubai", which means "Pig Concave Valley", because on the slope of the top of the village, there was a military camp stationed in Danjiang Hall during the Qing Dynasty to guard the east side of the city. The outpost is called "Dongshanping". The name has stuck to this day. Langde Shangzhai is located on the bank of the Danjiang River at the foot of Leigong Mountain, the main peak of Miaoling Mountains. It is 27 kilometers away from Kaili City, the capital of southeastern Guizhou Province, and 17 kilometers away from Leishan County. From 1855 to 1872 AD, the Miao people under the rule of Emperor Xianfeng of the Qing Dynasty rebelled against the Qing Dynasty. After the rebellion failed, because this was the base camp of the rebel general Yang Daliu, the Qing army fought for 18 years before pacifying it.
To date, there are 118 households with more than 500 people in the village, all of whom are Miao compatriots, mainly with the surnames Chen and Wu. Langde Shangzhai is surrounded by mountains and rivers, with its back to the south and north, and is surrounded by mountains on all sides. The lush forests and bamboos set off the antique stilted buildings. The winding mountain roads are hidden in the green forests and green vines. The melodious Miao flying songs echo in the wilderness and mountains from time to time. A winding river in front of the village looks like a snake and dragon lying leisurely. To the south is the "Huzhai Mountain" with lush pine and fir trees, and to the north is the Yangdaliu Bridge - "Fengyu Bridge" spanning the river. After crossing the bridge, you can climb the cattle raising slope and view the bunkers and trenches built by Yang Daliu during his anti-Qing uprising. There are row upon row of stilted buildings in the village. The stilted building is equipped with a "beauty chair" for visitors to rest. "Beauty" is usually a good place for girls to do embroidery, with a unique Miao village style. The paths in the village are all paved with cobblestones and are neat and clean. There is a large reed playing field in the center of the village. The ground is made of cobblestones to imitate the twelve rays of the sun and the galloping horses on the ancient bronze drum. There is also the "Yang Daliu Cultural Relics Museum" in the south. The museum displays knives, forks, helmets, iron cannons and other combat weapons used by Yang Daliu when he led the anti-Qing uprising.
When entering Langde Shangzhai, you must first drink Twelve Road Road Wine, and then walk along the stone path into the Lusheng Field in the center of the village. In Langde, you will enjoy various Miao folk songs and dances such as toasting songs, Miao flying songs, Lusheng dance, bronze drum dance, bench dance, and group dance. In the beautiful Wulingyuan Scenic Area in western Hunan, there is a bright pearl - Dehang Miao Village. "Dehang" is a Miao language, meaning beautiful. The canyon of Dehang Miao Village is about 24 kilometers away from Jishou City, the capital of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture. This is a magical land with criss-crossing streams, deep canyons, and cascading waterfalls. The Liusha Waterfall with a height of 216 meters looks like white silk volleying in the sky or silver gauze hanging over the wall. The peaks here compete with each other. Pangu Peak is more than 700 meters above sea level. The peak is in the shape of a gourd. It is divided into two peaks, large and small. The cliffs are thousands of meters high and are naturally dangerous and difficult. Standing on the top of the peak, you can have a panoramic view of the surrounding scenery. There is a famous highway wonder here. This is the most dangerous pass on the Xiangchuan Highway - Aizhai Tianxuan. It is only 6 kilometers long from the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain, but it has 13 turns. The road is like a white ribbon circling over the green mountains. While driving on the road, I could reach out and catch the white clouds outside the window. Dehang is located away from Jishou City, the capital of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, and is a provincial-level scenic spot. The mountains here are steep and steep, with towering cliffs and overlapping peaks and forests, forming many cliffs, stone walls, waterfalls and virgin forests. The area is intertwined with streams and rivers, with spring-like weather all year round, pleasant climate, rich animal and plant resources, and beautiful and charming natural scenery. From Aizhai Town, go up the stream for 4 kilometers to Dehang Miao Village. Along the coast, there are barrel carts, water rollers, ancient ferries, and small boats, accompanied by Miao stilt houses, creating an idyllic atmosphere. Jiulong River passes through the village, surrounded by quiet mountains and cut cliffs. You can climb Pangu Peak by crossing the stone arch bridge. The peak is more than 400 meters high. There are two peaks on the top of the mountain, a large peak and a small peak. The top is about 5 hectares wide. It is a tangled virgin forest, surrounded by cliffs. Standing on the top of the peak, you can have a panoramic view of the surrounding scenery.
Dehang Scenic Area in Jishou City is located on the edge of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, in the western suburbs of Jishou City, the capital of the Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in western Hunan, 24 kilometers away from Jishou City. Dehang tourist area is centered on Aizhai, extending to Tangle Cave in the east, Dalong Cave in the west, Wushan Mountain and Liantai Mountain in the south, Liusha Waterfall (Liusha Waterfall and waterfall group with the highest drop in the country), Xiaolong Cave, The total area is approximately 190 square kilometers. Walk 4 kilometers upstream from Dongxi in Aizhai Town to Dehang Miao Village. Along the coast, there are barrel carts, water rollers, ancient ferries, and small boats, accompanied by Miao stilt houses, creating an idyllic atmosphere. Jiulong River passes through the village, surrounded by quiet mountains and sharp cliffs... Among the green mountains and green waters, there are buildings with gray tiles and stone foundations on stilts, smooth stone roads, and exquisite stone arch bridges. , a group of barefoot and red-dressed Miao girls. There are also the ancient stone rollers and barrel carts, driven by water power, gurgling and babbling, spinning tirelessly, creating an idyllic atmosphere. This is the Dehang Miao Village.
Since this is a pure Miao area, the customs and habits of the Miao people have a great influence on Dehang. The Miao people's April 8th, drum dance, March 3rd song gathering, catching up with autumn, solitaire, pushing cattle and Miaoling love songs all attract Chinese and foreign audiences. tourists. Therefore, the simple and elegant Miao customs have become a feature of Dehang's man-made landscape. The Big Dustpan Miao Village is located in Nangao Township, Danzhai County, Guizhou Province. It is named after its shape like half a dustpan. There are ninety-two families living in the village, and they have lived in this dustpan village for generations. The spinning wheels are spinning, the years are passing, and ancient folk songs have been sung here for hundreds of years. No matter how modern civilization embellishes this ancient village, a peaceful pastoral life of men farming and women weaving is still going on here. Diaojiaolou is a masterpiece of the Miao people. In Datuji Village, a series of pole-railed stilt houses are built against the mountain. The first floor is used to house livestock, the second floor is used for daily living, and the third floor is used to store grain. Some places are built on stone foundations made of cobblestones, and the paths paved with bluestones in the village also undulate due to the ups and downs of the mountains. Normally, the village seems very peaceful. Only during festivals or when guests arrive, the whole village will boil with the knocking of the small bench. The bench dance used to be performed when a child was born. After the baby was born, the husband's family would carry millet and wine to the son-in-law's house to dance the bench dance, usually during the full moon wine period. At this time, the husband's family goes door to door to invite people in the village to eat and drink. When they are happy with the wine, they will dance on the bench.