Bingxin, formerly known as Xie Wanying, is known by her pen name Bingxin, which means "a piece of ice in a jade pot". She was originally from Changle Hengling Village, Fuzhou, Fujian Province. She is a famous poet, writer, translator and children's writer. He was the Honorary Chairman of the Central Committee of the China Association for Promoting Democracy, Vice Chairman of the China Federation of Literary Associations, Honorary Chairman and Advisor of the Chinese Writers' Association, and Honorary Director of the Chinese Translators' Association.
Biography
Juvenile Period
October 5, 1900. Bing Xin was born in Fuzhou, a family of naval officers with patriotic, Restorationist ideas. His father, Xie Baozhang, participated in the Sino-Japanese War, fought in the war against the Japanese invading forces, and then founded the Naval School in Yantai and served as its principal. In the waves, ships, armor, barracks Bingxin spent in male clothing, horseback riding, shooting the young life. Chinese people suffered from the humiliation of the history of the bullying of the great powers, more inspired her patriotic feelings. Bing Xin was born after 7 months, with the family moved to Shanghai. 4 years old, moved to Yantai, Shandong Province, and since then has been living in Yantai for a long time by the sea. The sea cultivated her temperament and broadened her mind, and her father's patriotism and determination to strengthen the country also y influenced her. In Yantai, Bing Xin began to read, home school during the enlightenment study, has been in contact with Chinese classical literature masterpieces, 7 years old, read the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin and so on. At the same time, also read the Commercial Press published "said Department Series", which has the famous British writer Dickens "David Copperfield" and other nineteenth-century works of critical realism. After that, Bing Xin returned to Fuzhou with her father and lived in a compound behind the Wanxing Bucket Stone Shop at the mouth of Yangqiao Lane on Nan Hou Street. Here lived one of the grandfather's extended family, and there were many couplets on the pillars of the house, all written by Bing Xin's uncles and uncles. This house was one of the seventy-two martyrs of the Huanghuagang Lin Jiemin family residence, Lin's after the incident, the Lin family afraid of being put to death, sold the house, to avoid living in the countryside, buy this house is Bingxin's grandfather, Mr. Xie Luangen. Here, Bing Xin in 1912 into the Fuzhou Women's Normal School preparatory course, becoming the first Xie family formally into the school for girls. In 1913, her father Xie Baozhang went to Beijing to become the director of the Ministry of Naval Affairs, Bingxin moved with her father to Beijing, living in the Iron Lion Hutong in the shearer alley, the following year into the Beiman girls (that is, the present Beijing No. 166 Middle School). 1918, entered the Concordia Women's University pre-science, aspired to become a doctor to save lives and help the wounded.
Youth
The rise of the New Culture Movement and the outbreak of the May Fourth Movement made Bingxin closely link her destiny with the revitalization of the nation. She threw herself wholeheartedly into the trend of the times, and was elected as a clerk of the student union of the university, which led to her participation in the propaganda unit of the Beijing Federation of Women's Academic Societies. Stirred by the patriotic student movement, she published her first essay, "Thoughts on the 21st Hearing of the Trial," and her first novel, "Two Families," in the August 1919 issue of the Morning Post. The latter used the pen name "Bing Xin" for the first time. As the work directly touched on important social issues, it quickly became influential. The "problem novels" that followed, such as The Scholarly Man Is Alone Emaciated, Going to the Country, and Sorrowful People in Autumn Wind and Rain, highlighted the destruction of human nature by the feudal family, the fierce conflict between the two generations in the face of the New World, and the suffering brought to the people by the warlords' conflagration. In the meantime, Concordia Women's University was merged into Yanjing University, and Bing Xin joined the then famous Literature Research Association as a young student. Her creative work flowed under the banner of "for life", and she published the novel "Superman", which attracted the attention of critics, and the small poems "Flourishing Stars" and "Spring Water", which aroused the reaction of the social and literary circles, and thus pushed forward the trend of writing "small poems" at the early stage of the new poetry. In 1921, Bing Xin joined the Literature Research Association, and at this time, his works were mostly centered on the four major themes of mother's love, children's heart, perception of life, and nature, which constructed Bing Xin's inner core of thought, "Philosophy of Love". Representative works include "Superman", "Boredom", "Stars" and "Spring Water".
Study in the United States
In 1923, Bing Xin obtained a scholarship to Wellesley College with honors. Before and after studying abroad, began to publish one after another the total name of "send small readers" newsletter prose, became the foundation of Chinese children's literature, Bing Xin in his early twenties, has been famous in the Chinese literary world. Bing Xin met Wu Wenzao on the President Jackson cruise to the United States. Bing Xin in Boston, Wellesley Women's University Graduate School of Literature, Wu Wenzao in Dartmouth College, studying sociology, they corresponded with each other, gradually deepen their understanding, in the summer of 1925, Bing Xin and Wu Wenzao coincidentally went to Cornell University to take remedial courses in French, and after the two fell in love.
Teaching at Tsinghua
Bingxin returned to China in 1926 with a master's degree in literature, while Wu continued to study for a doctorate in sociology at Columbia University. After returning to China, Bing Xin taught at Yanjing University, the Beiping Women's College of Arts and Sciences, and the Department of Chinese Literature at Tsinghua University.
Marrying and starting a family
On June 15, 1929, Bing Xin and Wu Wenzao, who had returned to China after completing their studies, were married at Yanjing University's Linhu Xuan, with Stanton presiding over their wedding. After she became a family member, Bing Xin continued to write, and her works praised mother's love, children's hearts, and nature, while also reflecting her meticulous observation of social inequality and the lives of different classes, and her pure, timeless writing reveals her subtle sarcasm. The representative works of the novels include The Score of 1931 and The Winter Girl of 1933, and the outstanding works of prose are The Return to the South - Dedicated to the Heavenly Spirit of the Mother of 1933, etc. In 1932, the book Bing Xin's Complete Works was published. In 1932, The Complete Works of Bing Xin was published in three volumes (one each of novels, essays, and poems) by the Beixin Bookstore, which was the first complete works of a writer in modern Chinese literature. In 1936, Bing Xin accompanied her husband Wu Wenzao on a one-year tour of Europe and America, where they made extensive visits to Japan, the U.S., France, England, Italy, Germany, and the Soviet Union. In England, Bing Xin spoke with Woolf, a pioneering writer of stream-of-consciousness fiction writing, and they talked about the topics of literature and China while drinking afternoon tea. In 1938, Mr. and Mrs. Wu Wenzao and Bing Xin, together with their three children Wu Ping and Wu Bing, left Beiping in the midst of the war, and moved to Kunming, Yunnan Province, the rear of the country, via Shanghai and Hong Kong. Bingxin had been to Chenggong simple teacher training school voluntary teaching, and the whole nation *** with the war brought hardship and difficulties. 1940 moved to Chongqing, as a member of the National Committee of the Senate. Soon after, she joined the Chinese Literary and Artistic Association of Resistance to the Enemy, enthusiastically engaged in cultural activities to save the nation, and also wrote influential prose chapters such as "About Women" and "Sending the Little Reader Again". She was known as one of the three most talented women in Fuzhou.
Victory in the War of Resistance
After the victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Bing Xin went to Japan with her husband, the sociologist Wu Wenzao, in November 1946, and gave lectures at the Oriental Society of Japan and the Department of Literature of the University of Tokyo, and was later employed by the University of Tokyo as the first foreign female professor to teach a course of "New Chinese Literature". During their stay in Japan, Bing Xin and Wu Wenzao united and influenced overseas intellectuals under complicated conditions, and actively engaged in patriotic, peaceful and progressive activities. During the Anti-Japanese War, she had contact with Zhou Enlai, who invited her to visit Yan'an, though they failed to do so, but their hearts were connected. During the war of liberation, Bing Xin refused to take part in the election of representatives of the National People's Congress and supported her relatives to defect to the liberated areas. At the beginning of the founding of new China, she was living in Japan, the heart of the motherland, resolutely support Wu Wenzao resolutely get rid of the Kuomintang group of justice.
In the new China
In the new situation of the Chinese people **** and the establishment of the country inspired, Wu Wenzao, Bing Xin couple risked their lives, breaking through the many obstacles, in 1951 to return to the motherland day and night. From then on, they settled in Beijing. Premier Zhou Enlai cordially received Wu Wenzao, Bing Xin couple, and their patriotic action to express affirmation and encouragement. Bing Xin into the motherland's various cultural endeavors and international exchange activities. During this period, she visited India, Burma, Switzerland, Japan, Egypt, Romania, Britain, the Soviet Union and other countries, spreading friendship among the peoples of the world. She was diligent in translation and published a variety of translations. She wrote a large number of essays and novels, which were collected as Little Orange Lantern, Cherry Blossom Praise, and Gleanings, all of which were popular and widely circulated. After the beginning of the Cultural Revolution, Bing Xin was shocked, home was copied, into the "cowshed", under the scorching sun, to accept the rebel faction of the criticism of the struggle. 1970 early, the 70-year-old Bing Xin, down to Xianning, Hubei Province, the five-seven dry school, to accept the labor of reform, until 1971, the U.S. President Richard Nixon's upcoming visit to China, Bing Xin and Wu Wenzao returned to Beijing, to accept the party's government to the relevant information, to accept the party's government to the "Little Orange Lantern", to accept the "Little Za". Bingxin and Wu Wenzao returned to Beijing in 1971, to accept the translation tasks assigned by the Party and the government. At this time, she and Wu Wenzao, Fei Xiaotong and others, collaborated to complete the translation of the Outline of World History, World History and other works. During this period when the country's economic construction and political life were extremely abnormal, Bing Xin was also trapped in a state of distress and contemplation, just like her people. During the ten years of turmoil of the Cultural Revolution, she faced everything calmly and openly, despite being treated unfairly. She paid close attention to the progress of the socialist motherland and the improvement of people's lives. She once wrote in her article "Impressions of the Century": "In the past 90 years ...... my heart of love for the motherland and the people has always been as solid as a stone".
Second Creative Climax
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the motherland entered a new historical period, Bing Xin ushered in a miraculous second creative climax of her life. 1980 June, Bing Xin first suffered a cerebral thrombosis, and then fracture. Sickness could not make her put down her pen. Her short story "Empty Nest" published that year, won the National Outstanding Short Story Award. Then she created the masterpieces such as "All the best ......" and "The Monk Who Came from Afar". In terms of prose, in addition to "Three Sendings of Little Readers", he created four groups of series of articles in a row, i.e., "Write When You Think of It", "My Autobiography", "About Men", and "Miscellany of Fushigi". Their great number, richness of content, and unique style of creation have brought her literary achievements to a new level. When she was nearly ninety years old, she published "My Request", "My Thanks", and "Letter to a Reader", all of which showed her deep love for the motherland and the people with her upright and honest heart. She has physically contributed more than 100,000 yuan of article fees to elementary school in her hometown, the national Project Hope, the China Rural Women's Education and Development Fund and people in disaster areas such as Anhui Province. She donated a large number of books, manuscripts, paintings and calligraphy from her own collection, and took the lead in setting up the "Bingxin Library". Bing Xin as a civil diplomatic messenger, often visit, footprints all over the world, Chinese literature, culture and the friendship of the Chinese people to all corners of the world. 12/24/1992, the national academic society Bing Xin Research Association was established in Fuzhou, the famous writer Ba Jin as president, and since then has carried out a series of research and activities.
Hen Nian died
Bing Xin died at 21:00 on February 28, 1999, at the age of 99 in Beijing Hospital. She was known as the "Century Old Man" because she had lived through exactly one century of her life.