We are all curious about the local traditional culture and traditional cultural characteristics of each province. After a long history, long years, the provinces continue to develop and inherit, there are many rich folk culture interaction, which in turn formed the local cultural characteristics that we are familiar with. I have organized the relevant content, I hope to help you.
I. Jieyang's traditional cultural elements and customs
(a) Festivals
1, Spring Festival
The first day of the first month of the summer calendar, customarily known as the "New Year". Early in the morning, the people of Chiuyi go to visit their relatives and friends, known as the "New Year's visit". When paying New Year's visit
As usual, we should bring "Daji" (i.e., citrus, larger than oranges, so it is called "Daji"), all to the even number of good luck, and the master of the visited hosts should also be "Daji" back to show cooperation with good luck, and also to show that the hosts should be "Daji" back to the hosts to show cooperation with good luck. In order to show that it is auspicious, and to say to each other "good new year", "congratulations on wealth" and so on in order to express the wish for good luck. On the first day of the year, according to the traditional custom of Jieyang, most people eat fasting for breakfast, to show respect to the Buddha and honor the Buddha's honesty. Spring Festival era, both urban and rural construction of lion dance, riddles, swimming flag, Chaozhou big drums and other recreational activities. In addition, the adults will also give the old man, the children send "New Year's money".
2, People Sheng Festival
The seventh day of the first month of the human day, also known as the People Sheng Festival. (Dong Xun, the Speaker of the Council of the Jin Dynasty, "Answer to the Rituals and Customs", "Nvwa's opening of the heavens and the earth, the first day of the first month as a chicken, the second as a dog, the third as a pig, the fourth as a goat, the fifth as an ox, the sixth as a horse, the seventh as a human being"). On this day, the folk to seven kinds of vegetables mixed as a soup to fill food, said food seven kinds of vegetables (also known as "seven kinds of soup."). These seven dishes usually take radish, thick cabbage, green onions, garlic, leeks, celery, spring vegetables. As radish take "white"; leek is commonly known as jiu cai, and spring vegetables, as take "year-round spring"; green onions to take "smart"; celery to take diligence; garlic, thick take "(all things count"), you can get a fortune.
3, out of the garden
Jieyang Teochew District, where full 15-year-old men and women are usually in the summer calendar in the past the seventh stop "out of the garden" ceremony, to show that grown-ups. Similar to the contemporary "Adult Day". Out of the garden, the grandfather's family to the grandson to do "out of the garden ceremony". Usually, there are red roosters, red clogs, and leavened fruit. Neighbors and family members often bring fabrics, meat, and eggs to congratulate the grandson. The happy family organizes rituals to pay homage to the grandparents (usually at 4:00 or 5:00 a.m.). On that day, the children eat sweet pills, red eggs and sweet pig's liver, which means success. "Biting the head of the chicken" is a necessary ceremony at the dinner table when you leave the garden, symbolizing that you have become a man.
4, Mid-Autumn Festival
The 15th day of the 8th month of the summer calendar, is the evening, the family reunion to eat moon cakes, fruits and enjoy the moon. Folk Mid-Autumn Festival products in this region, there must be moon cakes, taro, pomelo three. Legend has it that at the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the rulers forced the Han Chinese to raise a Yuan soldier in each family, and those who resisted the Yuan Dynasty were dissatisfied with their oppression, and they passed on the mooncake and agreed to kill the raised "Yuanfan" at a certain time on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, and succeeded in doing so on that night. At that time, the Han Chinese called the Yuan soldiers "Tartar ghosts", so the Mid-Autumn Festival food taro peeling called "peeling ghosts", peeling pomelo meat called "eating ghosts". There are also customary "worship moon lady", swinging, burning Wata and other hooks.
5, Winter Festival
Summer Solstice for the Winter Festival, commonly known as the "small New Year". The old custom of winter festival to worship gods and ancestors, offerings must have glutinous rice round, to show that the reunion. Folk have "eaten winter festival round, on more than a year" said. Also effective glutinous rice rounds glued to utensils, house pillars, plowing oxen, in order to pray for a good harvest custom.
(B) Kung Fu Tea
Chaoshan Kung Fu Tea emerged "and, love, fine, clean, thinking" characteristics, and Jieyang tea art focus on cooking tea, there is a strict Kung Fu track, known as the 8-step method: tea, waiting for soup, brewing, scraping foam, pouring cans, scalding, wash the cup, sieve point, that is, first of all, the clay stove fire, panning the pan with a weeding tool, stirring the stove cleaner, boiling water, and the fire, and the water, and the water, and the water, and the water. The first step is to start the fire in the clay stove, pan the water in the pan with a sanding tool and heat the pot with boiling water; then the tea is poured into the tea paper, divided into coarse and fine, the coarsest one is filled in the bottom of the pot at the mouth of the drip, and the second one is filled in the middle with its fine end, and the other one is sprinkled with slightly thicker leaves on the top; and then we carry out a high punch with a long handle, scrape the froth from the lid of the pot, and sprinkle the lid with the heat and the hot cup is hot, and then sprinkle the tea again after it has been brewed. There are two mnemonics when sprinkling tea, which are called "Guan Gong patrols the city" and "Han Xin points out the troops". When tasting the tea, take advantage of the heat to pick up, the edge of the cup to meet the lips, the cup face to meet the nose, the aroma of all to, a sip and finish. After drinking, and then smell the bottom of the cup, to appreciate the rest of the fragrance, to assess its breath.
(C) Dragon Boat Race
Jieyang Dragon Boat Race hook, a long history. Jieyang known as the water town, interlocking streams and rivers, Rongjiang North and South River, Lianjiang, Longjiang deep and long, wide river, waves, is the benefit of paddling dragon boat place. Dragon boat racing has been practiced for many generations. Jieyang dragon boat in Chaoshan cities and counties, the longest and largest: boat length of 32 meters, 1.5 meters wide, *** set up 25 pairs of paddles, rudder. Jieyang Dragon Boat, the appearance of the United States, the grand style, the dragon neck is long and thin, the dragon's head is raised, mighty and handsome. From the construction to the dragon boat into the water, on the water and participate in the competition, to stop all kinds of ceremonies, steady and elaborate, the old days there is a "dragon boat gongs and drums play" of the proverbs, meaning that the dragon boat race, the camp (tour) gongs and drums, to do the big game. Every year before the Dragon Boat Festival, the dragon boat in the water to stop the ceremony, called "test paddle". At the end of the Qing Dynasty was the governor of Fujian Ding Richang, late in his vacation in Jieyang, had suggested hosting, about Chaoyang, Puning, Jieyang and other places in the Rongjiang South River dragon boat team to stop the race, the results, the Jieyang cotton tree red boat to win the first place, Ding Richang awarded the "Minister Ding reward" red velvet brocade banner.
(D) Teochew
Teochew, Teochew is a local Shantou opera, sung in Shantou dialect, Ming Jiajing years, Jieyang Teochew has a local repertoire of unique plays, "Lai Mirror", "Su Liu Niang" and so on.
Teochew opera is spread in the eastern Guangdong, southern Fujian, Taiwan, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Cambodia, Vietnam and other countries where the Chao people live. The singing is a blend of two systems: the song board and the plate change system, which retains the situation of singing, two or three people singing the same song and singing at the end of the song. The music is divided into light three-six, heavy three-six, live five and anti-line, accompanied by folk music such as big gongs and drums, temple music, folk tunes, etc.; musical instruments include suona, flute, two-stringed, huqin, yangqin, etc., and gongs and drums include big gongs, small gongs, and su gongs, etc. In the late period, the characters of sheng, dan, and dan were the main characters of the opera. Footage of the late life, Dan, ugly, outside, paste, end, net and other seven angles, so far, the world has grown into ten kinds of ugly, seven kinds of Dan, five kinds of raw, three kinds of net, which is the clowns, Dan performances are the most distinctive.
(E) marriage
Jieyang old marriage customs, to be asked by the name, Na Ji, Na Cai, please period, Na levy, welcome the bride and other six tracks, called "six rituals"; some places have a daughter to get married the night before the custom of sleeping on a straw mattress, rumor has it that this custom originated from the past years, a stepmother abused and shamed the former left behind the daughter,
so that their As the sleeping method, not expected this woman after the hair of the rich get up, the later generations, since then people have followed the custom; other still have "oil uncle", "do four sentences" and other custom. "Oil uncle" that is, the day of the daughter's marriage by her brother to carry five gifts with the male family, known as the "oil uncle". "Doing four lines" refers to all kinds of marriage ceremonies, the woman's family should hire an old woman as in the theater, singing four lines of "praise language" to preside over the four lines of the agreed-upon, but also on-site self-editing, most rhyming, witty. Jieyi also has a custom, rare for other regions, to be married to men and women, such as the family mourning (usually refers to the elders), must be married within a hundred days, otherwise three years before the feasibility of the marriage ceremony.
(F) Paper
Tiezhi puppets, also known as paper, commonly known as the monkey show, introduced into the eastern part of Guangdong has been seven hundred years of history, paper is the Chaoshan region of the theater art of the wonders. Before the late qing dynasty, the paper film to shadow now, called bamboo window paper shadow, is a leather or cardboard plane carved into all kinds of characters shape, through the light in the shed window paper screen projection performance of a theater situation. To the Qing did not, change the shadow now for the shape now, the original leather or cardboard plane carving shape into a puppet three-dimensional appearance, puppet back and two hands each wearing a wire, for holding the show. Paper shadows changed to puppets, but the Boomers are still used to call the paper pieces.
The paper is also a local theater, all for the Chao Yin class, there is a sound play, Chao Yin play. When the paper sub performance, there are only five or seven small me, encompassing the performance of each line of the foot singing and drums, so the tide of customary "hand drums, feet playing gongs, mouth singing, head shells hit the deep wave" of the rhyme and proverb.
(VII) Square culture
1, swinging pig and sheep customs
Swinging pig and sheep is the villagers of Jiedong County, Xinheng Town, Shuo Lian village in the first month of the summer calendar every year, 16, 17 worship God of Fortune, Zhao Gongming and the God of Guan a customary activities, by the Shuo Lian village department of the ten natural villages (commonly known as the ten societies) to take turns in charge of the ten years of each natural village, once swinging pig and sheep hook activities. Villagers through the process of a series of annual pig and sheep customary activities, to celebrate the past year's livelihood adequate health, while praying for a new year of wind and rain, business is lush, good luck, good fortune, life is complete.
The custom of setting up pigs and goats in Shuo Lian Village originated in the middle of the Ming Dynasty and has a history of more than 500 years. Every year the main society in the year before the beginning of the preparations, self-raising pigs and sheep, to the first month of the fifteenth Lantern Festival day, every house decorated with lanterns, slaughtered big male pigs and big male sheep, and then set it in the "Huu" type wooden frame, pig mouth, sheep mouth stuffed with oranges, the pig body, the body of the sheep with the "auspicious" word or double happiness word. The pig mouth, sheep mouth stuffed with oranges, pig body, sheep body affixed with the word "auspicious" or double happiness characters, meaning good luck. Nearly 1,000 pigs and sheep in the village set together in dense layers, the scene is very spectacular and unsightly. Ceremony process also organized lion dance, standard flag gong team, Chaozhou opera performance, race lanterns and other cultural activities.
2, English song and dance
English song and dance is a kind of melting dance, Nanquan routines, opera acting in a furnace of folk square dance, performance flames, air strong. Legend has it that the Ying Ge Dance began in the Ming Dynasty, based on the "Water Margin" in the Liang Shan Po iron man on the Lantern Festival, the story of the Taifu House
The incident. Dancing team is divided into the front shed after the shed, the front shed is usually composed of 36 small me, large by 108 people, each person holding a pair of colorful wooden sticks, with gongs and drums and shouts, waving the double stick staggered flip knocking, walking and dancing, a step a call, ranks change or "long snake", or "double dragon out to sea ", "four tigers and drive", or "two dragons fighting", tumbling through 18 sets of style. The number of people in the back shed varies, but not more than 72 people, dressed as a variety of jugglers with the front shed performance.
Jieyang Ying song and dance has a history of more than 300 years, popular in Puning, Jiedong and other places to Puning Ying song and dance is the most famous, known as "Ying song and dance of the township".
3, the tour of the gods will
Jieyang area tour of the gods, to tour the city god and Guan Di God is the most vast. The old custom is in the first month of each year, when the city gentleman and the head of the museum first choose an auspicious day to tour the gods. Tour of the God of the preparation of a variety of large with high lights and colorful flags, lanterns, dress up the scene, lion team, big punk standard, big gongs and drums, flute set of music, singing and dancing, and so on. Village inferior gods, the village time is not the same, the preparation is similar. Tour of the gods, must be accompanied by a big play, known as the "God play", I heard that the performance specifically for the gods, so the stage are built in the temple front. The old custom of the race will stop in September each year, but there are also in the village community celebration day to stop. Race, the village enshrines the village of God, ready to "three animals", "five animals" and food refined into various types of art, such as glutinous rice flour made of various types of birds and birds, exotic flowers, etc., enumerated in front of the God, both to worship God, but also a race to see who is high handicraft.
4, burned dragon
Jieyang burned dragon, began in the Ming Dynasty Panxidu ancient Qiao, that is, today's Pan Dong Qiaoxi, Qiaodong, Qiaonan. Has evolved into Jieyang's largest folk art program. According to its traditional customs, the first two days of the first month of the summer calendar each year, the beginning of the dragon to welcome the spring, to the tenth night to burn the dragon. Color dragon body filled with cooking fire, by a group of young and strong men to hold, burning dragon burning, accompanied by the sound of gongs and drums, firecrackers, color dragon leaping and floating, mouth spitting fireballs, body spraying fire, colorful and bright, extremely spectacular and unsightly. In addition, burning dragon when the sky is still cold, and the dragon dancers only wearing shorts, coated with vegetable oil (sparks fall on the body easy to slip), under the illumination of the fire, the whole body red light shining, into the burning of the dragon when another spectacle. Legend has it that the burning of the dragon hook is to pray for a good wind and rain in the past, a good harvest.
5, line color bridge
line color bridge is Jieyang folk a habit of praying for blessings, a long history, popular in today's Jieyang city and Jiedong County area. Hook that time as usual in the summer calendar every year between the first month of the eleventh to the first month of the sixteenth day. Before the 11th is the preparatory stage, good all over the bridge by the surrounding masses with banyan leaves, ribbons, colored lights dress. The eleventh day is called "line head bridge", the fifteenth day is called "line two bridge", the scene is more than the line head bridge, the sixteenth day is called "line tail bridge", is the series of hooks in the evening of the highest rise! The old saying goes: "Anyone who participates in the colorful festival will have a great time. The old saying: all the people who participate in the line color bridge, all secretly pray for God's blessings, and each four sentences: "pick banyan leaves, day money hold (take)", "line Qiaotou, next year to marry Ya Mu" and so on.
6, indecent exposure to lanterns
Indecent exposure to lanterns is a Jieyang folk culture, usually around the time of the Lantern Festival every year. The Lantern Festival, also known as Shangyuan Festival, is a traditional festival in China, and the historical origin of Lantern Festival is also early. According to the Qing Dynasty "Jieyang County Zhi - the year": "on the Yuan Zhang tree lights, fireworks, dress up the people scene, lion dance, guessing riddles; women across the bridge, said the bridge, or picking up the green pick up the bottle mouth return to take the righteousness of the male; villages set up a swing for the play, fight She song, sing the good news won. It is the night to drink tonight". Lanterns, Jieyang city and countryside is very popular. Before and after the festival, lanterns and drums, the city as drunk. Linlin total lanterns, abound, there are screen lamps, gauze lamps, lanterns and so on.
7, vertical lamp-post rising colorful phoenix
Jiedong County Longsha "vertical lamp-post rising colorful phoenix", is the custom of the Chaoshan region in the custom of the unique characteristics of the custom of the unsightly. It is Jiedong County harbor village and its surrounding villagers with the surname Jiang (formerly known as the Longsha clan) to commemorate their ancestors, the Southern Song Dynasty patriotic famous prime minister Jiang Wanli. "Vertical lamp-post rising colorful phoenix", is to use a 10-meter-long bamboo, the end of the bamboo leaves, bamboo tail hanging lanterns, lanterns hanging above a five-color "colorful phoenix", phoenix tail and phoenix body are draped in embroidered red silk with gold threads, which reads The tail and body of the phoenix are covered with red satin embroidered with golden threads, on which are written the words "good luck" and "happiness", and wind chimes are hung under the phoenix, so that when the wind blows, the "colorful phoenix" rotates, and the bells ring in a clear and melodious manner. Daytime, a branch of bamboo poles, a "colorful phoenix", a family even a family, extremely spectacular and elegant; night appreciation, lanterns and "colorful phoenix" installed on the various types of flashing lights together, forming a colorful city of lights, brilliant and beautiful, magnificent and elegant! The city of lights is a colorful city of lights, brilliant and beautiful, magnificent and unsightly.
Second, Jieyang introductionJieyang City is located in the southeastern part of Guangdong Province, is located in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Bay Area and the West Coast Economic Zone of the geographic axis of the center. 1991 was established as a prefecture-level city, jurisdiction over the Rongcheng, JieDong 2 districts, JieXi, Huilai 2 counties, the proxy for the city of PuNing, and set up JieYang Industrial Park, Airport Economic Zone, the South China Sea Petrochemical Industrial Zone, the new city of Guangdong Province East, such as the economic function of the construction of JieYang central city, the main urban areas of Puning Jieyang central city, Puning main city, Jieyang Binhai New Area (Huilai) three city centers in the East Guangdong urban agglomeration and Jiexi Ecological Development Demonstration Zone "three centers and a demonstration zone" regional coordinated development layout. The city has a land area of 5,240 square kilometers, a sea area of 9,300 square kilometers, the existing resident population of 7.05 million people, overseas compatriots, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots and out of the township of nearly 6 million people, is the largest area in the eastern part of Guangdong Province, the most populous prefecture-level city.
- Jieyang is the main battlefield of the eastern wing of Guangdong's coastal economic belt. Jieyang Binhai New Area is the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee and Provincial Government of Guangdong Province, special planning, special policy support to build the key platform of the Guangdong coastal economic belt, has been settled in PetroChina's annual output of 20 million tons of oil refining + 2.6 million tons of aromatic hydrocarbons + 1.2 million tons of ethylene refining integration, Guodian Investment 900,000 kilowatts of offshore wind power, CNOOC Guangdong Province, the integration of the LNG, the annual output of 600,000 tons of petrochemicals in Jilin, ABS, Kunlun Energy LNG, GE Offshore Wind turbine assembly base, Ming Yang new energy integrated base and a number of major projects, and relying on provincial support policies, joint China Merchants Group planning and construction of the new city of Guangdong Province, the initial formation of the new city of Guangdong Province, the South China Sea Petrochemical Industrial Zone, Huilai port industrial park "one city and two parks" development framework, is expected to build the new city center of the East Guangdong urban agglomeration and the port of trillions of emerging industry clusters. The city is expected to become a new city center of the East Guangdong urban agglomeration and a trillion-dollar emerging industry cluster in the port.
- Jieyang is a comprehensive hub of air, rail and harbor. Jieyang Chaoshan International Airport is a 4E-level trunk airport, which has opened 69 regular routes to 62 domestic and overseas cities, and has a passenger throughput of nearly 6.5 million in 2018, ranking 44th in the country, with the volume of traffic and the airports of the mainland provincial capitals and sub-provincial cities in the same ranks. Jieyang Port is a national first-class port open to the outside world, and 52 various types of port berths have been built (including 2 100,000-ton berths), and a number of new wharves such as Qianzhan General Wharf and Dahanhai Gong*** Wharf and the supporting port dredging railroads are accelerated; Xiamen-Shenzhen High Speed Railway, Meishang Passenger Specialty, and Shantou-Shantou High Speed Railway have set up 5 stops in Jieyang and are connected to the airport for construction of interchange centers in a seamless manner. The city's highway density reaches 6.1km/hundred square kilometers, ranking the first in the eastern part of Guangdong, and realizing the "County Expressway".
-- Jieyang is an important manufacturing base in Guangdong. With hardware, stainless steel, textile and clothing, shoes, medicine, jade and other advantageous traditional industries, won the "China Hardware Base City" "China Textile Industry Base City" "China Plastic Fashion Shoes Capital ""Famous City of Chinese Medicine""Jade Capital of Asia""Sino-German Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Cooperation Zone""National E-commerce Model City""National E-commerce Model City". Jiedong Economic Development Zone, Sino-German Metal Eco-City and other key industrial parks have been built, as well as large-scale professional markets such as International Clothing City, Commodity City and Traditional Chinese Medicine City, and innovative service platforms such as China Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Center (Germany) and provincial-level Rongjiang Laboratory, etc. The city is focusing on green petrochemicals, offshore wind power, and is also focusing on green petrochemicals, offshore wind power and other industries.
The company is focusing on the extension of the industrial chain around green petrochemicals, offshore wind power and other major projects to accelerate the creation of an advanced manufacturing plateau in the eastern part of Guangdong.