The Loess Plateau is 1000 km long from east to west and 750 km wide from north to south, including the vast areas west of Taihang Mountain, east of Sun Moon Mountain in Qinghai Province, north of Qinling Mountain and south of the Great Wall. It is located on the second step of China, with an altitude of 800-3000m.
The Loess Plateau belongs to the arid continental monsoon climate zone, and the geotectonic units mainly include the Longdong platform in northern Shaanxi, the Hualixi fold belt, the Yanshan fold belt in the Pacific Ocean, the Longxi block, the Zhongtiaoshan block, the Luliangshan block and the settlement belt in the lower reaches of Wei Fen. Qinling axis and Ordos platform are the two major dividing lines between north and south.
Extended data
Hydrological situation:
The Yellow River is the backbone of the regional water system in the Loess Plateau. There are many rivers originating in the Loess Plateau, about 200 rivers, among which there are four rivers, Zuli River, Qingshui River, Huangfuchuan River, Kuye River, Wuding River, Beiluo River, Weihe River, Qinhe River and Fenhe River. River runoff does not include the total annual runoff of the main stream of the Yellow River of 654.38+085 billion cubic meters. Affected by heavy rain, the flood peaks of most rivers skyrocketed and plummeted during the flood season, accounting for more than 70% of the annual water volume.
The sediment concentration of the water system in the Loess Plateau is very high, and the sediment concentration of a flood often accounts for more than 70%-80% of the whole year. The recharge of shallow groundwater in the plateau mainly comes from atmospheric precipitation. In most areas, groundwater is scarce and buried deeply, mostly below 50-60m, and some reach100-200m.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Loess Plateau