In recent years, the problem of "migrant workers" has become a hot topic in academia, press and policy research departments. The so-called migrant workers are actually migrant workers. Migrant workers are a special group. They are agricultural registered permanent residence, but they are engaged in non-agricultural work. They live in the city, but they can't fully integrate into the city life. Traditionally, they are neither real farmers nor real workers. So many scholars simply gave them a general term: "migrant workers" and "marginal people".
When the issue of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" is mentioned as the top priority by the central government, it seems necessary to formulate a unified law to protect farmers' rights and interests, so that farmers' rights and interests can be protected with a more comprehensive legal basis. However, in China, there is already an agricultural law, and a chapter on the protection of farmers' rights and interests has been added. In the process of implementing the reform of urban-rural integration, in order to cancel the unification of agricultural registered permanent residence and non-agricultural registered permanent residence as "residents", to establish a unified household registration management system in urban and rural areas, to deepen the reform of household registration system, and to strive to build a harmonious society and realize a harmonious society, it seems out of date to formulate a law to protect farmers' rights and interests. If a law on the protection of farmers' rights and interests with vague concepts and vague protection groups is introduced, whether it can really play a beneficial role is a question worthy of serious consideration and discussion!
It is reported that who is the most difficult to define in this law on farmers' rights and interests? What is the concept and social attribute of farmers? There are two different views and voices: one is to define farmers according to their identity, specifically, to divide farmers and non-farmers according to their household registration in the household registration book. Second, farmers are a profession, not an identity, because farmers should be defined by profession, that is, people engaged in agricultural production.
After careful analysis, I always feel that the above two views seem to be untenable.
First of all, it is meaningless to discuss the definition of "farmer"
Today, with the implementation of market economy in China, it is difficult to find an inherent and lifelong concept under the situation that the free flow of talents, the free choice of employment and the division of labor are increasingly intertwined. Many concepts are changing with the development of society and people's cognition of its social functions. The word "farmer" contains many social factors. The definition of the word "farmer" seems to be outdated and has lost its practical significance.
Question 1: Is the concept of farmers dynamic or static, or is it a lifelong system?
As we all know, the concept of farmers is a dynamic concept, it is not a static concept, and farmers are not lifelong.
Regarding the definition of farmers, the first view is that farmers should be defined according to their status, specifically, farmers and non-farmers should be divided according to their household registration in the household registration book. People who hold this view only know one thing and don't know another. They didn't look at the essence of things and their operating rules with scientific and developing eyes, and made dogmatic and metaphysical bookishness mistakes.
First, for a long time, it is precisely because of the unreasonable hukou problem, the misunderstanding of industry division and the division of component identity that the misunderstanding of social understanding, coupled with the mistakes of some local policies, naturally formed the three-six-nine class of people in society, and the identity of farmers became lifelong, which was regarded as a symbol of social ignorance and backwardness. Therefore, with the development of market economy in China today, some irreconcilable social problems have finally emerged. It can be said that, in a sense, the unreasonable division of household registration and the definition and invariance of farmers' identity are one of the main reasons for China's three rural issues. It is also the main reason for the problem of migrant workers. In this case, if we redefine the identity of farmers in this law on farmers' rights and interests, it will make the problems of agriculture, countryside and farmers worse, especially the problems of migrant workers. Not only can it not protect the defined farmers, but it will also hurt the self-esteem of hundreds of millions of rural laborers (what people call farmers).
Secondly, the Ministry of Public Security is pushing forward the further household registration reform plan nationwide to eliminate the difference between urban and rural household registration, which is the general trend. Especially since the central government proposed to build a new socialist countryside, some provinces have obviously accelerated the pace of household registration system reform. Guangdong will learn from Hubei's experience and accelerate the comprehensive reform of villages and towns. In the Pearl River Delta region where the proportion of agricultural population is low, the difference between urban and rural household registration will be eliminated next year or the year after. Shaanxi, Shandong, Liaoning, Fujian and other provinces have also begun to establish a unified household registration management system in urban and rural areas, and the rural population has gradually enjoyed national treatment, which is the general trend. Since we are all nationals and residents, there is no distinction between non-agricultural and agricultural, and we are unified as residents, then farmers and non-farmers will be re-divided according to the household registration in the household registration book. This is not a vision of scientific development, but an armchair strategist behind closed doors.
Third, the pace of household registration reform is accelerating, and household registration will definitely become a household registration system. Judging from the pilot areas, "having a legally fixed residence" and "having a stable occupation or source of life" are two basic conditions for household registration transfer in the process of household reform. Can those who work in the city, live in the city for a long time and have no plans to return to the countryside in the future be defined as farmers? If you give them farmers in the household registration, how can they enjoy education, medical care and public services? This is tantamount to creating a new problem of migrant workers, who have become a vulnerable group in the city and cannot enjoy the same welfare as the registered population in the city.
It can be seen that defining the concept of farmers in this way will inevitably bring more complicated social problems in rural areas and cities.
Question 2: Does the concept of farmers represent a professional division of labor and attributes?
Are farmers a professional attribute?
Farmer, the most primitive word, represents the only professional attribute. Now the concept of farmers has developed from the initial division of labor to the main body representing the whole rural social problems and the overall reflection of rural social development.
The second view on the definition of farmers is that farmers are a profession rather than an identity, and should be defined according to occupations, that is, people engaged in agricultural production. If farmers are defined as a profession, the problem will be complicated.
First of all, the concept of "migrant workers" has become a wrong formulation. Farmers are occupations, that is, laborers engaged in agricultural production, so migrant workers are not "laborers engaged in agricultural production"? But in fact, society refers to migrant workers in agricultural registered permanent residence, but they are engaged in non-agricultural work. From the blind appearance of the word "migrant workers", "farmers" have been defined as an identity. Perhaps the introduction of the word "migrant workers" lacks scientific rationality, and it has also entered the misunderstanding of the concept.
Secondly, since farmers are a profession, how to explain the training of migrant workers mentioned in the draft? Since farmers are a profession, where does the adult education of farmers in the draft come from?
Thirdly, what if farmers are old and weak and do not engage in agricultural production by occupation? There is no retirement system for farmers in China. Are landless peasants and peasant entrepreneurs still farmers? Some rural laborers who have been in business for many years have returned to the countryside to engage in large-scale planting after completing the original accumulation. Are they farmers? Some city companies engage in agriculture in rural areas. Are developers farmers? Aren't the number of workers on some state-owned farms farmers? Are they all protected by the farmers' rights protection law?
Second, China endowed "farmers" with many social attributes.
Do farmers represent "farmers"? Do farmers refer to "laborers who have participated in agricultural labor for a long time"? Are farmers "followers of agriculture"? Are farmers "rural people living in rural areas"?
In fact, the word "farmer" already contains many social factors, so it is difficult to define the word "farmer" accurately.
So how do you explain the word farmer? What are its evolution and social functions and attributes?
The meaning of the traditional word "farmer"
The original intention of farmers is a profession. The dictionary refers to "laborers who have participated in agricultural labor for a long time" as farmers. In other words, workers who have been engaged in agricultural labor for a short time and live in rural areas but do not engage in agricultural labor cannot become farmers.
Farmers in practical sense are an ancient occupation, and one of the ancient occupations in the early human society. Humans need food to survive, and hunting alone cannot meet the needs of survival. In that case, what's the difference between a man and a wolf? The development of mankind is largely determined by the ancient occupation of farmers. Since mankind entered the class society, with the implementation of professional division of labor and hierarchical system, rulers have relegated farmers to the lowest level in order to improve their social status, and some intellectuals have trampled them under their feet in order to show their knowledge. Farmers are rarely valued in the long river of human history!
Traditional society is a peasant society, and modernization means the transformation of tradition. According to the past ideological definition, traditional farmers are "self-sufficient small producers", while "modern farmers" are factory-style "socialized large-scale production practitioners". Therefore, the elimination of "small production" by one or two large enterprises can be regarded as the process of "modernization", and "going it alone" is the "traditional restoration" of "anti-modernization"
The difference between traditional farmers and modern farmers in international agronomy has always been a topic of discussion among scholars. E.R. Wolff's point of view: "The main pursuit of farmers is to maintain their livelihood and social identity in a narrow social relationship hierarchy. Therefore, unlike those farmers who specialize in meeting the market, farmers compete in a wide range of social networks. " Farmers must "stick to the traditional arrangement". "On the contrary, farmers completely enter the market, put their land and labor under open competition, make use of all possible choices to maximize their returns, and tend to produce with greater profits on the basis of less risk."
The new edition of Encyclopedia Britannica explains that the essential feature of traditional farmers is "dominated by external forces", which is the fundamental difference between traditional farmers and "other agricultural producers": "In the peasant society, raw products and services are not directly exchanged by producers, but provided to some centers for redistribution. The rest will be transferred to rulers and other non-agricultural workers. This distribution power is often concentrated in a city center. "
If the "small production" of Stalinist collective farms is eliminated, the "transformation of farmers" will be completed (speed and cost are another matter); Isn't the traditional "peasant society" strengthened by strengthening "the domination of external power" and setting up "urban power center" to distribute rural products and services?
It can be seen that there are several different viewpoints and consciousness between modern farmers and traditional farmers. If the household contract responsibility system has solved the problem of urban and rural people's eating, and agricultural industrialization has solved the problem of how to learn to go to the market in rural areas, then we need thousands of collective farm-style modern rural business entities in Qian Qian with greater autonomy in production rights, management rights and management distribution functions to connect the two. This may be a model urgently needed by modern agriculture, and farmers are naturally agricultural laborers of this entity.
The definition standard of the concept of "farmer" in China is very simple and clear.
Some people in the society say that "citizens give birth to citizens and farmers give birth to farmers, which is inherently unequal." The seemingly fierce rhetoric just reflects the two distinct hereditary "populations" in China today, which are divided by "agricultural registered permanent residence" and "non-agricultural registered permanent residence".
"Farmers" has become an artificial division of farmers and the only standard for simply defining farmers. The household registration system, which has been implemented for more than 40 years, is like an invisible belt, which fetters rural-born "agricultural registered permanent residence" people.
So why do people always call rural people farmers no matter what occupation you are engaged in? This is why hukou is a standard.
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the social attribute of "farmers" in China has been closely linked with the registered permanent residence, which has become the social standard to define farmers in society. In other words, the concept of farmers mentioned by China is inconsistent with other countries in the world. The 900 million farmers we are talking about are actually a special group of farmers and the concept of "farmers" under the cover of the hukou system. No matter what occupation you are engaged in now, as long as your household registration is "agricultural registered permanent residence", you are considered a farmer, so even if you are an entrepreneur with assets exceeding 100 million, your household registration is "agricultural registered permanent residence", and now you are also considered a farmer.
For a long time, China has implemented a dual household registration system, and there have been "agricultural registered permanent residence" and "non-agricultural registered permanent residence" household registration systems, so even if you have been engaged in non-agricultural work for decades, you will still be recognized as a farmer. Therefore, hukou has become an insurmountable barbed wire that defines farmers and non-farmers. As a result, the word "farmer" has changed from simple to complex. In the case that the household registration system is not unified, the farmers we refer to are actually "agricultural registered permanent residence", and the protection of migrant workers actually refers to the protection of "workers in agricultural registered permanent residence".
It can be seen that farmers have evolved from "laborers engaged in agricultural production" in the traditional sense to "all agricultural registered permanent residence personnel" in our modern society.
So how did the evolution of China hukou go? China's current household registration system has generally gone through three stages: formation (from the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China to 1958), development (from 1958 to 1978) and initial reform (from 1978 to the present).
195 1 In July, the Ministry of Public Security promulgated and implemented the Provisional Regulations on Urban Household Registration Management, which was the earliest household registration law after the founding of the People's Republic of China and basically unified the urban household registration management system in China. 1In June, 955, the State Council issued the "Instructions on Establishing a Regular Household Registration System", which stipulated that all cities, towns and villages in China should establish a household registration system, thus unifying the household registration work in urban and rural areas throughout the country.
1963 the Ministry of public security divides the registered permanent residence into "agricultural registered permanent residence" and "non-agricultural registered permanent residence" according to whether they eat the commodity grain supplied by the state plan. 1In August, 964, the State Council approved the "Regulations of the Ministry of Public Security on the Migration of registered permanent residence (Draft)", which reflected the basic spirit of registered permanent residence's migration, namely, two "strict restrictions": strictly restricting the migration from rural areas to cities and market towns; There should be strict restrictions on those who move from market towns to cities. This regulation blocked the door for rural population to migrate to cities and towns.
1977, 1 1 In June, the State Council approved the Regulations of the Ministry of Public Security on the Migration of registered permanent residence, and proposed that "strictly controlling the urban population is an important policy of the Party in the socialist period". This provision further emphasizes the need to strictly control the rural population entering cities and towns, and formally puts forward the strict control of "rural to non-agricultural" for the first time.
1984 10 the State Council issued the notice on farmers entering and settling in market towns, stipulating that farmers and their families who work in market towns, do business or start service industries, have a fixed residence in market towns and have the ability to operate, or work in township enterprises and institutions for a long time, are allowed to stay in permanent residence and take care of themselves.
1June, 1997, the State Council approved the Pilot Program of Household Registration Management System Reform in Small Towns by the Ministry of Public Security. According to this scheme, the rural population who have been employed and lived in small towns and meet certain conditions can apply for permanent residence in small towns. 1In August, 1998, the State Council approved the Opinions of the Ministry of Public Security on Several Outstanding Issues in Current Household Registration Management, which mainly stipulated that: the policy of voluntary participation with parents should be implemented; Relax the household registration policy to solve the problem of husband and wife separation; Old people who take refuge in their children can settle in cities; Citizens who invest, set up industries and buy commercial houses in cities and their immediate family members who live together can settle down if they meet certain conditions. The household registration system was further loosened.
On March 30th, 20001year, the State Council approved the Opinions of the Ministry of Public Security on Promoting the Reform of Household Registration System in Small Towns, and the reform of household registration system in small towns was comprehensively promoted.
It can be seen that the current household registration reform in China is gradually relaxed, but the pace is not great. It is precisely because of the conditional hukou reform that corruption such as buying and selling hukou and related hukou has also occurred, and the resale price of hukou in some cities has skyrocketed. The value and hierarchical concept of registered permanent residence also came into being. People in "agricultural registered permanent residence" have become synonymous with "farmers".
In the eyes of all walks of life, no matter what occupation you are engaged in, as long as your household registration is "agricultural registered permanent residence", you are a farmer. If you can't join a trade union, you will be subject to various restrictions in state-owned enterprises, and no matter how talented you are, you will do nothing. It is difficult for people in the village to be elegant. Because of the hukou, the original simple social division of labor has become complicated. The simple phrase "those who work are called workers and those who farm are called farmers" has also become a lot of restrictive words such as "working", "migrant workers" and "migrant workers".
It can be seen that the emergence and development of a concept is not how to explain it in books, but mainly depends on the social recognition and understanding of this concept, the profound social connotation hidden inside and behind this concept, and its social attributes.
The author thinks that it has lost practical significance to discuss whether farmers are a profession or an identity. Because in the eyes of all walks of life, "farmers have been regarded as a kind of identity and rank." It has lost the simple meaning of "laborer who has participated in agricultural labor for a long time" as a professional explanation in the dictionary.
Judging from the current level of people's understanding, if the word "farmer" is defined as "a rural person registered in the countryside in agricultural registered permanent residence" at the present stage in our country.
Third, "agriculture, countryside and farmers" will become "two rural areas"
The author thinks that after the dual household registration system is abolished and unified as a "resident", there will be no more farmers' problems in China, and the problems concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers will become "rural problems and agricultural problems". Farmers will gradually be replaced by "agricultural practitioners" or "agricultural laborers".
We can't sit idly by until the reform of the household registration system is officially launched. We need a new concept of farmers, not just beating around the bush to praise or criticize farmers, but to "transform farmers" faster or slower.
At present, the problem of farmers and migrant workers is a simple and complicated social problem.
When we talk about "peasant problem", we don't know the essence of "peasant problem". When we talk about the problem of migrant workers, we don't know the concept of migrant workers.
The emergence of peasant problems is caused by social factors.
China's constitution points out that the nature of the country is the people's democratic dictatorship led by the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants. The working class is the leading class of the country, and the peasant class is the ally of the working class and the leading class of the country.
It can be seen that the peasant class is also the leading class of the country. However, due to various factors, the leadership position of the peasant class is limited by the "urban-rural boundary" and the "household registration system", and its leadership position has not been fully recognized and reflected. Farmers' vital interests have been hurt, and farmers' problems have become an important issue of "agriculture, countryside and farmers".
First, policy constraints have made the hats of "workers" and "farmers" tightly put on people's heads. Workers' children are workers and farmers' children are farmers, which has long been widely recognized by all walks of life from top to bottom. Farmers' sons can only engage in agricultural labor in a closed environment; Similarly, sons in cities can only engage in industrial labor.
Second, long-term policy constraints and composition constraints have made the society regard farmers as "grassroots" people, completely deceived in a certain range, eating themselves like a paradise and becoming a symbol of ignorance and soil. Their concept is also called "peasant consciousness". Workers, on the other hand, have always been regarded as "nationals" and enjoy all kinds of treatment of nationals.
Third, the long-term policy tendency, farmers engaged in agricultural labor have been given a lifelong "agricultural registered permanent residence", and agricultural registered permanent residence has long defined you as only engaged in agricultural labor. As long as your identity does not change, it is impossible to work and become a national cadre. The laborers are "non-agricultural registered permanent residence" and members of "national people", who can engage in various occupations and become national cadres. Therefore, in the eyes of farmers, if you are admitted to the university distribution work, you will be elated and boast "You are really promising, a national." In fact, "national" at that time meant "non-agricultural registered permanent residence". Therefore, changing farmers' attributes and becoming "non-agricultural registered permanent residence" nationals has always been the yearning and pursuit of all farmers in China, and it is also the desire and plot in farmers' hearts.
It can be seen that the emergence of farmers' problems can be explained not only by a profession, but also by a general term that symbolizes a component, a status, a rank, an identity and an attribute.
Solving farmers' problems is the primary problem to solve "three rural issues"
The preface of the series of farmers' studies says: "We often proudly say that 7% of the world's cultivated land feeds 2 1% of the world's population, but rarely mention its other side: 40% of the world's farmers only' feed' 7% of the world's farmers." In fact, this shows the different understanding of the definition of "farmer". At present, China's farmers probably won't account for 40% of the world's farmers, but those who are defined as "farmers" in China's household registration do account for such a large proportion of the rural population according to the statistics of the United Nations.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, there have been complicated peasant problems in China, which are closely related to the division of people's occupations by "political class" and "hukou system" and the division of people's occupational attribute classes.
If the division of "family composition" made many intellectuals in the past unable to enter the decision-making research layer because of their family background, which led to some mistakes in policy making, then the "hukou system" created a hierarchy of professional attributes of people with strict differences between urban and rural areas in China, making rural people, who account for the majority of the population, become hereditary classes lower than urban people in all aspects. This division makes all kinds of social contradictions emerge constantly in today's market economy in China, which brings many constraints to the development of harmonious economy and the construction of harmonious society in China.
After the reform and opening-up, Comrade Deng Xiaoping was far-sighted, saw the restriction brought by the division of "family composition" to the establishment of socialist market economy, and cancelled the division of "family composition" in time, which made China's social creativity leap forward. The historical significance of this kind of good governance can be compared with the French Revolution and the liberation of European Jews by the Napoleonic Code, which turned them from hereditary untouchables described in Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice into excellent groups that produced great men such as Marx, Einstein and Freud.
The reform and opening-up of the economic system has released the huge productive forces in rural areas of China and promoted the rapid economic development in the past 20 years. However, we can't help but see that in order to maintain the sustainable development and peaceful rise of China and create a truly harmonious and equal China society, it is urgent to completely abolish the difference between urban and rural household registration and the system reform of "household registration system".
The difference between urban and rural household registration and the poor policy of household registration system are one of the reasons for the "three rural issues" in China. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council began to cancel the difference between urban and rural hukou, which is a major milestone in China's system reform and will certainly bring greater historical significance to China's economic development and the establishment of a harmonious society.
Don't artificially complicate farmers' problems.
No city, no citizens, no countryside, no villagers. Villagers are not equal to farmers, and farmers are not all villagers; Similarly, citizens are not workers, and workers are not citizens. This understanding is the most scientific and developed view.
In China, if the definition of hukou is abolished, we are all residents, people who live in China. Workers can live in rural areas and become villagers, and villagers can live in cities and become citizens. The right of residence is the basic right of human beings.
Whether you become an "industrial worker" who works part-time, or an "agricultural worker" who is engaged in agricultural production, you are a practitioner, a worker in our country and a career as a free citizen.
In fact, the farmers we are talking about today are not the same as those in the history of China. The "peasant problem" we are talking about now cannot be compared with the peasant problem in the history of China. Now we are talking about farmers, whose composition is complex and their academic qualifications and industries are diversified. They are just synonymous with agricultural registered permanent residence.
Therefore, whether we study farmers' problems or discuss the "three rural issues", we can't be divorced from social reality and talk on paper. Not to mention the problems of farmers, the focus is on those farmers in rural areas.
The author believes that the problem of farmers that we have to solve a few days ago has only one goal, that is, to unify the concept and social understanding of farmers into a simple understanding of "practitioners engaged in agricultural labor", and to abolish hukou as the only criterion for defining farmers and simplify the problem of farmers. The legal society emphasizes handling affairs according to law, but it is not always thinking of making laws to solve problems when encountering contradictions and problems. Reasonable policies, moral concepts and public awareness are also effective ways to solve problems and resolve contradictions. Talking too much about legislation and extensive research will make simple problems more complicated.
Our research departments and decision makers need a new concept of farmers, not just beating around the bush to praise or criticize farmers, but to "transform farmers" faster or slower. When we talk about "farmers", we must first understand: What do we mean by "farmers"?
According to the past ideological definition, traditional farmers are "self-sufficient small producers" and "modernization" is factory-style "socialized large producers". However, at present, farmers in China are neither traditional farmers nor modern farmers, but farmers who wander in the concept of coexistence of various components, and are defined as special groups under an inherent standard.
The author thinks that the current China problem is not a simple peasant problem in essence, but the essence of "peasant problem" is not a peasant problem. As a professional concept, "farmer" is a farmer who ranks with workers and intellectuals. Agricultural registered permanent residence didn't wear the hat. Therefore, today's rural reform encounters and faces a series of problems, which are the results brought by social comprehensive factors in traditional consciousness to rural areas, agriculture and farmers.
To solve the problem of farmers, we can not only start with rural areas and agriculture, but also start with other aspects of society that restrict rural development, rural vitality and rural residents' mobility, and carry out overall policy integration.
Nowadays, many "rural problems" are actually rooted in cities. Today, "talking about agriculture" has always been a temporary solution, not a permanent cure. The essence of some farmers' problems is too broad and the definition of farmers is too dogmatic and policy-oriented. The essence of farmers' problems is a concrete reflection of China's various problems.
Fourthly, it is necessary to make a law to protect rural development.
Who is that farmer? How to define farmers? Will the development of farmers in the future be lifelong? If people don't even understand these basic concepts, and even the objects to be protected are in a mess, is it necessary to hastily formulate an untimely law on the protection of farmers' rights and interests in the discussion?
From the above analysis, the concept of "farmer" mentioned in this draft is out of date. If the concept of "farmer" is mentioned blindly, it is better to mention "agricultural laborer".
In addition, the reference to migrant workers in the draft is debatable. If the word "peasant" cannot be defined, then there are grammatical and conceptual errors in the formulation of the word "migrant workers".
If a farmer is a profession, what is a "migrant worker"? Is it a profession? Is it the occupation of farmers to the occupation of workers? Are you both a worker and a farmer? So are those rural people who have been engaged in non-agricultural labor for a long time still migrant workers? It can be seen that if farmers are a profession, then the concept of migrant workers themselves is not clear and there are grammatical errors.
If farmers are recognized as an identity, then the concept of "migrant workers" is established.
What exactly are migrant workers? Generally speaking, it refers to farmers and workers. Of course, it is said by China people. It is said that there is no such thing as a farmer in the United States. They are collectively called farm workers.
Literally, migrant workers and farm workers seem to have little difference, but after careful study, they are two completely different words. First of all, in terms of identity, migrant workers are farmers and farm workers are workers; Secondly, at work, migrant workers do the work in the city and farm workers do the work on the farm. China has implemented the population management system for many years, artificially classifying farmers as second-class citizens, and farmers seem to be born worse than city dwellers. In the United States, there is no distinction between urban hukou and rural hukou, only the industry is different.
It can be seen that what we call "migrant workers" actually refers to "workers in agricultural registered permanent residence who are engaged in non-agricultural work in cities". Since you are a laborer, you should enjoy all the rights and obligations that laborers should enjoy and enjoy the equal status of laborers. This is reasonable and legal.
If it is necessary to introduce a law on agricultural workers, from the perspective of development, the name of the Law on the Protection of Farmers' Rights and Interests should be changed to the Law on the Protection of Agricultural Employees' Rights and Interests.
It is reported that the main principle of the draft law on the protection of farmers' rights and interests is to protect farmers' economic rights and social rights, and the draft focuses on the training of migrant workers, adult education of farmers and vocational education. Rural public health issues are also reflected in the draft. In addition, the draft will devote a chapter to the establishment of a security mechanism.