(1) Definition:
Folk songs which are produced in the occasions of rest, recreation, and celebration of mass life, and which are the most widely and universally circulated, and which are more regular in form and more varied in expression, and which are characterized by twists and turns and meticulousness.
(2) Classification Chanting tune (children's songs, shaking children's songs, hawking songs, chanting tune) shaking tune, time tune, dance tune
〈1〉 Chanting tune
Definition: out of the practical needs of daily life and humming, practical folk tune.
Characteristics: In the embryonic state of folk song, not yet mature.
1, children's songs
Definition: children in the game, life, singing songs.
Content: about children's games, fun and experience in the growth of harvest
Characteristics: tune range is narrower, a single music sink, the structure is not very rigorous, not many techniques, but the image of vivid and lively.
Example: "The Toad"
2. Songs for children
Definition: Songs sung by adults to lull babies to sleep.
Characteristics: more musical material than children's songs, most of the songs improvised humming into the structure of the more scattered, simple lyrics, the form of free, commonly used drag cavity.
Example: Songjiang, Shanghai
Note: Nuan is the word for "warm", which means "little girl".
3, hawking tune
Definition: Most popular in towns and cities, the song sung by vendors to solicit customers and attract people's attention.
Characteristics: The song is loud and far-reaching, with an upward melody and a free extension at the end of the sentence.
Examples: 〈Selling vegetables〉 Hunan 〈Selling tea and eggs〉 Hunan
4, chanting
Definition: The lyrics used by the literati to recite poems and ancient texts.
Characteristics: Variety of forms, and close integration with dialectal tones.
Example: "Autumn Thoughts on Tianjingsha" (Sichuan)
<2>Shaking Song
Definition: a folk song in a minor key that is often sung in daily life
Characteristics: complete structure of the musical sections, small in length, close to the spoken word in terms of intonation and rhythm, generally not too wide a range of tones, standardized beats, and a simple and realistic image, with a strong sense of life.
Classification: Songs of the Long Worker, Songs of the Daughter, Songs of Love, Songs of Life, Songs of Frolic
Examples: 〈Long Worker's Bitterness〉 Shanghai 〈Small Chinese Cabbage〉 Heibei 〈Bird of the Green Silk〉 Zhejiang
〈Embroidered Lotus Bags〉 Shantung 〈Handling Sour Jujubes〉 Shantung 〈Smelling Jujubes〉 Shanxi 〈Lazy Lady Scolding the Chicken Tickens〉 Henan
〈3〉 Tune of the Time
Definition: Folk songs sung at the time of folk recreation and relaxation
Characteristics: The structure of the song is neat and rigorous, and the function is clear. Strong logic, melodic tones and rhythmic changes in the form of rich, expressive, often accompanied by musical instruments.Typical tunes: Meng Jiang female tune Flower tune Cutting flower tune Flower tune Wuxi Jing tune Embroidered wallet tune
Mother Mother confused tune
1, Meng Jiang female tune:
Other titles: "spring tune, dresser, ten cups of wine, nuns Sifan"
Popular geographic areas: all over the country.
The basic melodic form: zi mode: four phrases of music, the length of each phrase is neat, well-proportioned, and the falling tone is called zi Fei zi type of the typical structure of the section of the beginning and end. (Meng Jiang female December flower name)
Variations: 〈Ten Cups of Wine〉〈Combing Table〉〈Crying Seven Sevens〉〈Embroidered Flower Lanterns〉
Influence: Propaganda tool Became a song in the music of the opera and operatic art.
2, flowers
also known as: jasmine
popular region: throughout the north and south
the basic melodic form for the four phrases of the musical section, the landing for the zi Gong Fei zi rise and fall structure.
3, cut ding flower tune
Lyrics: four sentences for a paragraph, most of the third and fourth sentences overlap, between the second sentence and the third sentence is often liner notes.
Music: five phrases. The first phrase is often divided into two distinct phrases that correspond to each other, the second phrase is wider, usually only one phrase is sung, the third and fourth phrases are tighter, and the second and third phrases are sung, and the last ten phrases are repeated, and the tone of each phrase is Gong zi zi Gong Gong Gong
Spectral examples: 〈Playing watermelon〉 Heibei 〈Gusu. The Scenery of the Pier> Jiangsu Suzhou
〈Flying a Kite〉Elections Hebei 〈Small Watching Opera〉 Northeast 〈Throwing the Ring〉 Hei Longjiang
Wuxi Scene:〈Wuxi Scene〉 Jiangsu 〈Testing the Qingshui River〉 Heibei
Embroidered Lotus Bags〉Liaoning Sea 〈Walking to the West Mouth〉 Heibei
Yin Twisted Silk〉Heibei 〈Testing the Kisses〉 Heibei 〈We will be Kissing the Kisses〉
妈妈娘 Muddle Tune: 〈Mother's Muddle Tune〉〈La Camel〉
〈4〉Dance Songs
Score Example: 〈Dragon Boat Tune〉 Hubei 〈Huang Yang Bian Tan〉 Sichuan 〈Copper Money Song〉
(C) Characteristics of the Minor Key:
1) The tunes of the Minor Key have the artistic characteristics of smoothness, gentleness, twists and turns and subtlety.
②The minor key is not affected by external factors, according to the internal requirements of the melody itself, the pursuit of words and songs coordinated with the balance and flexibility of the means of expression.
③The structure of the minor key is mostly based on a single form, emphasizing the regularity and proportionality within the structure.
4) The liner notes and cadences in the minor keys are stereotyped and regularized.
Songs (regional limitations)
(a) Definition: free rhythm, high pitch, free expression of feelings of the characteristics of the folk songs
(2) general songs
1, the letter of the swim
spectrum: 〈Blue flowers 〉 〈Hengshan came down to the guerrillas 〉 〈Footman tune〉
2, climbing the mountain tune, also known as the sour song (Inner Mongolia), the song is also called the song of the mountain. (Inner Mongolia, Northwest Shanxi, North Shaanxi)
Example of spectrum: 〈Yangbaoli's hold of firewood booming brother〉 Inner Mongolia
〈Three days' journey, two days to arrive〉 Shanxi
〈Wanting to kiss and kiss in the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart〉 Shanxi
3. (3) the musical characteristics of the songs: 1, frank, straightforward methods of expression and enthusiastic musical character 2, free and long rhythmic beats 3, high-pitched tunes 4, the structure of the song is simple
The Hakka Song