Teaching Design of Bai Juyi's "The Song of Long Hate""

The Song of Long Hate is a long narrative poem by the Chinese poet Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty. It is the author's famous poem, which was written in 806 AD (the first year of Yuanhe). The poem graphically recounts the love tragedy between Emperor Xuanzong of Tang and Yang Guifei. The poet borrowed historical figures and legends to create a moving story, and through the molding of artistic images, reproduced the reality of real life, infected readers for thousands of years.

I. Teaching Requirements

1. Understand Bai Juyi's life and the characteristics of poetry.

2. Understand the ability of the Song of Eternal Hatred and its significant influence in the history of literature.

3. Analyze the profound historical lessons of the love tragedy between Li and Yang.

2. Key Learning Points

1. Keywords

The Song of Eternal Hatred is the song? Long Hate? Long Hate? is the theme of the poem, the focus of the story, and a seed buried in the poem that tugs at the heartstrings. It is also a seed buried in the poem that touches people's hearts. hate? What and why? long hate? , the poet is not directly laid out, lyric out, but through the pen poetic story, layer by layer to show the reader, let people to figure out, to feel.

2. Content hints

This is a long narrative poem written by Bai Juyi based on the love tragedy of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang and Concubine Yang, which is mirrored by Chen Hong's legendary novel The Long Hate Song Biography, each with its own characteristics.

The poem can be divided into four levels: (1) Yang Fei into the palace favored, Ming Huang obsessed with sex and misuse of the country; (2) Mawei life and death, sadness and broken hearted in Sichuan; (3) also touched the feelings, back to the palace sheer lovesickness; (4) the immortal mountain to find the Yang Fei, send a token of vows.

The poem is a tribute to the sincere love of Li and Yang, as well as an ironic metaphor for Emperor Ming's obsession with color and misuse of the country. The poem is an outstanding narrative poem in ancient times, with its twists and turns in the narrative, lingering and sentimental lyricism, and the blending of emotions into the scene, the blending of scenes, the atmosphere, and the psychological characterization. It is an outstanding narrative poem in ancient times. The language of the whole poem is fluent, and the tone of the voice is harmonious, which is suitable for reciting over and over again.

Three, the author's life

Bai Juyi (772?846), the word Lotte, the name of the Xiangshan Jushi, now the Weinan people in Shaanxi Province. He was an advocate of new music, and his works include satirical poems, poems of idleness, and poems of sentimentality, etc., in a style that is easy and natural, shallow and fluent. Most of his works are included in the Bai's Changqing Collection.

Bai Juyi came from a family of officials, with his grandfather, great-grandfather, grandfather, and father all being court officials. He learned to write poetry at the age of five or six, and was able to recognize sound and rhyme at the age of nine, and studied especially hard. He was born in the middle of the Tang Dynasty. The Middle Tang Dynasty.

Soon after Bai Juyi was born, there was a war in Henan province, and he left home at a very young age, traveling from north to south and experiencing a lot of hardship. So when he was 15 years old, he wrote a record of the true feelings of the time of a poem: ? What do I want to do when I can't see my homeland? The water of Chu and the mountains of Wu are more than ten thousand miles away. Today, I visited my brother because of you, and I wrote a letter with a few lines of tears from my hometown. I also wrote a poem to my brother and sister: "After all the wars in the countryside, there is nothing left for me to do," he said. After the dry war in the countryside, the flesh and bones are displaced from the road, and the moon is hanging down. ***The moon is a beautiful moon, and the heart of the countryside is in the same place all night long. These poems wrote Bai Juyi's living conditions and psychological feelings at that time, and also reflected the social unrest and displacement of the people at that time.

In the 16th year of Zheng Yuan (800), at the age of 29, Bai Juyi met Yuan Zhen, who became a close friend, and they were known as Yuan Bai. They were known as Yuan Bai. At the age of 32, Bai Juyi entered the civil service and was authorized to be a school scholar. At the age of 32, he entered the civil service and was authorized to be a school scholar, and in the third year of Yuanhe's reign (808), he was appointed as the left picker. Because of the offense of the then prime minister Li Jifu, Bai Juyi was unfortunately caught in the whirlpool of political struggle. In the following decades, Bai Juyi was always sidelined by Li Deyu in the Niu-Li party dispute, which determined his career to be unsuccessful. During his tenure as a gleaner, he did his duty and repeatedly expressed his views on the current political situation, which inevitably made the emperor or powerful ministers dissatisfied. Later, he was relegated to the post of Secretary of Jiangzhou. In order to avoid the suspicion of disaster, but also in order to eliminate the trouble, Bai Juyi to brothel poetry and wine to amuse themselves, and began to believe in Buddhism, looking for spiritual support. Although he was passive, kept prostitutes, drank wine, and believed in Buddhism, he still had outstanding political achievements, and the most famous is that when he was the assassin of Hangzhou, he had built Hangzhou lake dyke to store water for irrigation. People named this lake embankment in his memory as "White Embankment". White Causeway.

From Bai Juyi's life career, although more for the government, but always unsuccessful, always in a state of worry and anger. But as a poet, his achievements are great. Later, he and Li Bai, Du Fu and known as the three great poets of the Tang Dynasty.

Four, the author's work

1. Overview of the work

Bai Juyi's political thought in the early ? The first is the "The World's Best", which is the first of its kind in the world. He wrote a large number of political satirical poems. But after he was relegated to Jiangzhou, his thinking changed dramatically, from ? to the idea of being a good samaritan. to the idea of doing good to oneself. In terms of literary creation, Bai Juyi's most prominent contribution was to advocate the New Music Movement in theory and practice. He particularly emphasized the poetry of ? The role of beauty and thorn? He emphasized the role of poetry and put forward the idea of ? He emphasized the role of poetry and put forward the idea that articles should be written for the time, and poems should be composed for events. He emphasized that poetry should be emotionally moving, and that the language of poetry should be? The language of poetry should be "qualitative and light, and its words are straight and clear". and the language of poetry should be? His poems survived nearly 3,000, and his poetic style is shallow and simple, and the most popular ones are The Song of Long Hate and The Line of the Pipa, etc.

2.

2. Highlights

The Walk of the Pipa

The Walk of the Pipa was written in the fall of the 11th year of Emperor Xianzong's reign in the Tang Dynasty, when Bai Juyi was 45 years old, and he was the Secretary of Jiangzhou. He was 45 years old when he became the Secretary of Jiangzhou. Before Yuanhe ten years ago, Bai Juyi first served as the left picker, and then served as the left Zanshan Daifu. In June of Yuanhe ten years, the Tang Dynasty sent assassins to kill the prime minister Wu Yuanheng and injure the royal historian Pei Du in the street of Chang'an, which caused a great uproar in the court. The spokesmen of the clan forces in the dynasty made further demands for the dismissal of Pei Du in order to settle the clan? The spokesmen of the clans in the court further demanded the dismissal of Pei Du in order to pacify the clans. The center of the clan's heart. At this time, Bai Juyi stepped forward and firmly advocated for the repudiation of the bandits, believing that otherwise the country would not be a country. Bai Juyi was right, but because he wrote satirical poems and offended many powerful people in the court, some people said that he was small in position and overstepped his duties. Some people said that he was a lowly official and had overstepped the bounds of his position. The capital of Jiangzhou was Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province. Sima was the assistant to the assassin, which sounds like a good idea, but in fact, during the Middle Tang Dynasty, this position was specialized in placing? Crime? officials, who were sent to a certain place to be supervised and guarded in disguise'. This incident has a great impact on Bai Juyi, is a turning point in his thinking, and from then on, his early struggle to gradually wear down the sharpness of the negative emotions, more and more.

"Pipa Xing" was written in the second year of his relegation to Jiangzhou, and the work expresses the author's personal depression and sadness of the political blow and deportation by recounting the pipa girl's skillful performance and her miserable life. Here, the poet regarded a prostitute as his confidante, and she was in sympathy with him, wrote about himself, cried for himself, cried for others, the sea of bureaucracy, the sadness of life, all blended into one, so that the work has an unusual infectious force.

V. Background

The poem was written in the first year of the Yuanhe era (806), when the poet was serving as a lieutenant in the county of Zhangbin (Zhouzhi, present-day Shaanxi). Chen Hong explained the background of Bai Juyi's writing of this poem in his Biography of the Song of Everlasting Hatred: In the winter of that year, Bai Juyi traveled with Chen Hong and Wang Qifu to the Temple of Xianyou, and talked about the long-standing local story of Tang Xuanzong's sadness and happiness with Yang Guifei, which we all bemoaned, and Wang Qifu came to Bai Juyi with a cup of wine in his hand, and said, "This is the kind of thing that would have happened if there hadn't been such an extraordinary event. If there is no outstanding writer to record and embellish this kind of worldly affair, it will be worn out with the passage of time and disappear from the world. You are well versed in the way of composing poems and are rich in emotion, how about you try to write a poem for this story? Bai Juyi then wrote The Song of Everlasting Hate. His intention was not only to be emotional about the historical events, but also to use it as a punishment for those who had plagued the dynasty, so that future rulers would learn from it.

Sixth, the text explain

1. text read aloud

2. text analysis

? The Emperor of the Han Dynasty thought of his country with a strong sense of color, and the Emperor of the Han Dynasty was unable to find it for many years.

Translation: The Emperor of Han valued the beauty of the city and the country, and wanted to find a woman of the highest generation. It is a pity that he has not been able to find one for many years in his reign.

The poem opens with the first line: ? The Emperor of Han valued the color and thought of pouring the country?

? The Yang family has a daughter who has grown up, raised in the bosom of the people do not know. ? The story of the Yang family's daughter, who has been raised in the dark, is not known to anyone.

Translation: There is a girl in the Yang family who has just grown up, raised in a deep bosom, and no one has seen her face. Her innate beauty was hard to bury, and she was finally chosen to be with the Emperor. She turned back and smiled sweetly, a hundred kinds of charm at the same time presented. Six Palace of powder white and green ah, immediately all eclipsed. Spring cold season, the emperor gifted her to Huaqing Pond bath, warm spring water rinsed her white delicate skin. The maid to help her out of the bath, is lazy and weak, the first time to accept the grace at this time. Flower-like appearance, cloud-like sideburns, gold shakes on the head trembling. A beautiful spring night, ah, but unfortunately too short! The sun has risen high before the emperor opened his eyes, and never went to court early again. Chasing to accompany the joy, wait for the banquet, she is always in the emperor's body around. Spring accompanied by spring tour, the night is also her exclusive. Harem beauty three thousand people, the emperor put on three thousand people's favor are concentrated in her own body. At night in the deep palace, she is made up to serve the holy emperor. In the spring she went to a banquet at the Jade House, and got drunk and slightly intoxicated. Her sisters and brothers were all given divisions, and it was truly enviable, and the portals of the family blossomed with splendor. So all the parents in the world felt that it would be better to have a male child than a female child.

Immediately following the previous layer, the poet used extremely frugal language to recount how, before the Anshi Rebellion, Emperor Tang Xuanzong had emphasized and sought color, and finally got? A smile back a hundred winks, six palaces without color? The story describes the beauty of Yang Guifei. It describes Yang Guifei's beauty and charm, and after entering the palace, she was favored because of her color, and not only did she? Newly received the favor? and her sisters and brethren are all in the land. Sisters and brothers are all listed in the earth. Repeatedly rendering the Tang Xuanzong get after the princess in the palace how to indulge in lust, how to have fun, how to indulge in songs and dances all day long in the wine and color.

? Lixiang Palace high into the green clouds, fairy music wind everywhere heard. The slow song and dance of the condensed silk and bamboo, all the day the king to see the lack of. The drums and drums of the fishing yang moved to the ground, breaking the neon dress and feather clothes song.

Translation: The summer palace is high in the clouds. The music in the palace is so beautiful that it can be heard everywhere on earth. The palace sang and danced slowly, played the qin slowly, and blew the piper slowly. The emperor watched it all day long, but he could never get enough of it. Who knew that the war drums of the Fisherman's Rebellion would shake the ground and knock, breaking the Nishang Yuyi song!

All these, it brewed the An Shi rebellion. This part is written? Long Hate? The poet through this section of the palace life, not without irony to introduce us to the hero and heroine of the story: an emperor who is more interested in sex than in the country, a charming concubine; but also figuratively implies that the Tang Xuanzong's obsession with sex and misuse of the country is the root cause of this tragedy.

? Nine city que smoke and dust born, thousands of rides on ten thousand riders southwestbound. ? The king could not be saved by covering his face, and he looked back to see the blood and tears flowing together.

Translation: Smoke rolled out of the royal city, and the Son of Heaven fled to the southwest with a large group of horses and chariots. The flags of the Son of Heaven were fluttering and waving, and they walked and stopped, and only traveled a hundred miles or so. The six armies refused to advance. What to do? The beautiful Yang Guifei died in front of His Majesty's hooves. Her flower inlays were thrown on the ground and no one collected them, as well as the jade warren on her head, her golden sparrow, and her jade head scratcher. The emperor covered his face, unable to save each other, looked back, tears and blood flowed down together.

This stanza, the poet specifically describes the emperor's soldiers and horses fled into the southwest in a hurry after the Anshi Rebellion, especially in this turmoil Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei love destruction.? The six armies did not send nothing to do, but the moth-eyebrows died before the horse. The flower tin was left uncollected, and the jade head was scratched by a golden sparrow. The king can't save his face, but he can't save his face, but he can't save his face. The scene of their parting at Mawei Slope is written in the same way as the scene of their parting at Mawei Slope. The six armies did not send out their troops, demanding the execution of Yang Guifei. The death of Yang Guifei was the result of Tang Xuanzong's obsession with women's beauty, which was a scourge to the country and the people. The death of Yang Guifei is a crucial episode in the whole story, after which their love becomes a tragedy.

? Yellow E scattering wind slovenly, cloud stacks haunted climbing Jiange.? The moon is a sad color in the palace, and the bells are a broken sound in the night rain.

Translation: the stacks are stuck in the clouds, curving up to the Jiange, the wind is blowing up the yellow dust is particularly depressed. There are not many pedestrians on the Emei Road, and the flags of the Son of Heaven have lost their luster, and the sunlight is so thin. Shu River water so green, Shu Mountain so verdant, the emperor day and night thinking of his beloved, love is difficult to break. Seeing the moonlight in the departure palace is the color of sadness, listening to the rain hit the stack bell at night is also the sound of broken heart.

This stanza, written after the death of Yang Guifei, Tang Xuanzong's feelings of longing. The poet captures the character's spiritual world of heart-wrenching ? Hate?

? The sky spins and the sun turns back to the dragon harness, to this hesitation can not go.? The soul has never come to dream.

Translation: Finally, one day, the heavenly whirlwind of the Holy Spirit to return to the capital, and came here - called people wandering can not bear to leave. Mawei slope has been empty in the soil, the beauty of the year died in vain that piece of land has been unable to find. The king and the minister face to face, tears spilled over the lapel, looking east, the letter of the horse back to the capital. Back to look at the palace garden, the hibiscus of the Taiyi Pond and the Weiyang Palace of the green willow is still charming. The hibiscus flowers are like her face, the willow leaves are like her eyebrows, this scene, how can I not shed tears? This spring wind blowing peach and plum blossom days, this autumn rain knocked the sycamore leaves of the hour (are drenched with lovesickness)! Taiji Palace and Xingqing Palace of grass grows very deep and no one pull, leaves fall all over the steps and no one sweep. When the pear orchard disciples, now has gray hair. The female officials and court ladies have also been aging. At night, fireflies fly over the palace, the emperor quietly remembered. The night picking the lamp is also difficult to sleep. The bells and drums in the palace are ringing late. The night is so long, see the Milky Way in the sky is still shining. Frost so heavy, room on the mandarin ducks tile so cold, Cui was cold, who embraced with? You died, I'm still alive, this goodbye has been separated for many years, never see your soul into my dreams.

This section is still written by Tang Xuanzong on Yang Guifei's bone-deep longing. This? hate? Through the years, can be said to be long. Tang Xuanzong on the way back to remember the old, back to the palace after seeing things, touching feelings, the year round, things are not things rest, feelings of thousands of. The lingering and sentimental feelings of longing for each other make one feel the heartbeat. Just because the poet rendered the feelings of the characters to such a degree, the arrival of the Taoist priest behind, the appearance of the fairyland, will give people a sense of reality, do not think it is purely a kind of castle in the air.

? Lin Qiong Taoist Hongdu guest, can be sincere to the soul. ? The first is that it is not possible to have the same kind of a relationship with a person, but it is possible to have the same kind of a relationship with a person.

Translation: There is a Qionglong Taoist priest in the capital who can bring in the souls of the dead with his sincerity. He was touched by the emperor's nostalgia, so he sent a monk to search for Yang Guifei. Fangshi qi row clouds, like a lightning like flight, the sky and the ground are looking all over. He went up to the nine heavens and down to the Yellow Springs, but there was no sign of her. Suddenly, he heard that there was an immortal mountain on the sea, which was in the middle of nothingness. Immortal mountain pavilions exquisite, like a colorful clouds, there are many delicate fairy out of it. One of them was called Tai Zhen, with snowy skin and flowery features, and sounded as if she was the one to be found. When the Founder arrived at the Palace of Immortality, he knocked at the door of the West Chamber, and reported that the messengers were the Immortals Xiaoyu and Shuangcheng. She heard that the Emperor of the Han Dynasty had sent an envoy, and could not help waking up from her dream in the Jiu Hua tent. She pushed back her pillow, dressed herself, and got out of bed, and the silver screen and the pearl curtains were opened in turn. She had just woken up from her sleep, her head bun half-parted, and her flower crown was not yet straightened before she came down to the hall. The wind blew her immortal clothes fluttering and swirling, like her Neishang Yuyi dance back then. Jade face lonely, tears, like a branch of spring pear blossom with rain. She gazed at the king with affection and thanked him: since she was separated from the king, it was difficult to meet him, and her voice was lost. The love in Zhaoyang Hall has been severed since then, and the days and months in Penglai Palace are so long! Looking down on the earth, I can only see clouds and mist, but not Chang'an. Only with the old things to express my deep love, the hairpin Tin box two things to bring back. I'll keep one share of the gold hairpin and one of the tin box, and we'll split it in half between us. As long as our hearts are as strong as the gold and the tin, we will always be able to see each other even though we are far away from heaven and earth! Before leaving, there is an important word, this vow only he and I know. July 7, the Palace of Eternal Life, no one in the middle of the night, the two of us whispered: in the sky we wish to be forever as a bird with wings, on earth we wish to be forever as a branch. The sky will end one day, this hate ah, long time, never will have to fade that day.

This paragraph is about the Taoist priest who helped Tang Xuanzong to find Yang Guifei. The poet used a romantic approach, suddenly up in the sky, suddenly into the ground, ? The two places are all gone? Later, Yang Guifei was found on the misty fairy mountain in the sea, letting her take ? The image of Yang Guifei was reproduced in the fairyland. The image of Yang Guifei was reproduced in the fairyland, and she greeted the Han's messenger with great solicitude and affection, sending her words as a token to reiterate her former vow, echoing Tang Xuanzong's longing for her, and further deepening and rendering her? Long Hate The first is to make the first step in the process, and the second is to make the second step in the process.

Classical Poetry Elective Textbook "Long Hate Song" Teaching Plan Classical Poetry Elective Textbook "Long Hate Song" Teaching Plan

Teaching Objectives:

To analyze the main theme of the song of long hate

Teaching Focus.

Analyze the main idea of the Song of Eternal Hatred

Teaching Difficulties:

Experience the author's feelings towards the main characters, Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei.

Teaching Steps:

I. Study the unit tips, clear teaching focus of the unit

The teaching focus of this unit is to understand the main theme of the work, and to appreciate the emotions contained therein.

Second, clear understanding of the main idea of the work of the method

analyze the title, the meaning of words, grasp the key words, clarify the ideas of the article, the background of the writing, and to know the people of the world, etc.

Third, listen to the recording of the read aloud, to solve the sound of the word, the word literal meaning of the words (students listen to the recording, question)