Frankfurt am Main ("Frankfurt"), an important industrial, commercial, financial and transportation center in Germany, and the largest city in the state of Hesse. It is located on the lower banks of the Main River, a tributary of the Rhine in central Germany. It has a population of 615,000 (1983). In the 14th and 18th centuries it was the place of election and coronation of the German emperors. Railroad hub; river port; Germany's largest air terminal. Head offices of Deutsche Bundesbank and other major banks are located here. The most important industries are chemical (dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, fertilizers, synthetic fibers, synthetic rubber), followed by machinery, electrical appliances and electronics. It is the birthplace of the famous German poet Goethe. There are Goethe University, museums and so on. World War II was severely damaged, rebuilt after the war as a modern city.
I. History
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Frankfurt's history can be traced back to after BC, when the Rhine and Danube was the northern border of the Roman Empire, but the two rivers are not connected, between which there is no danger to defend, so the Romans built the Great Wall connecting the two rivers. The Great Wall could not be compared to the Great Wall of China, but it stretched for hundreds of miles and passed near Frankfurt. Garrison camps were set up and the area became a border fortress. With the collapse of the Roman Empire, this time the military camps, bank destroyed, increasingly deserted, almost forgotten, until the 8th century to rise again. Legend has it that one day at dawn, when the sky was foggy, Charles the Great lost the battle and fled to the river Main, but he could not find a guide to cross the river. In the middle of the crisis, he saw a doe, walking towards the water, he paid attention to the deer, and sure enough, the deer waded across the river, and the army also crossed the river, turning the danger into safety. To commemorate this event, Charles the Great ordered a city to be built in the area, named Frankfurt, meaning the crossing point for the Franks (one of the Germanic peoples). Frankfurt first entered the history books as the capital of Charles the Great in 794 AD. Since then Frankfurt has been an important political stage in Germany, witnessing as many great events and celebrations. During the Holy Roman Empire, emperors were elected by the powerful lords, the Electors, who met for the first time in Frankfurt in 1152 to elect Barbarossa, the red-bearded one, and in 1356 Karl IV issued the Golden Bull, which made it official that the election of the emperor would take place in Frankfurt. From 1562 onwards, Frankfurt replaced Aachen as the place where the Emperor's coronation was held, and 10 emperors were crowned here before and after, ascending to the Emperor's throne. The Holy Roman Empire officially ended in 1806, and from 1816 to 1866, Frankfurt became the seat of the Parliament of the German Confederation, and in 1848, during the revolutionary storm that swept across the continent of Europe, the German states formed the German National Assembly, which met in Frankfurt to discuss the unification of Germany as a prelude to the unification of the country. 1866 saw the incorporation of Frankfurt into Prussia, which ended the period of the Imperial Free City that had existed since 1372. 1372 the autonomous status of an imperial free city. Frankfurt had always been a thriving commercial city, and after German unification, it experienced rapid industrial development, with the chemical industry being particularly prominent. Hoechst AG, one of Germany's three largest chemical companies, had its beginnings in Frankfurt, and in 1914 the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University (now with more than 37,000 students) was founded in Frankfurt. In the Second World War, 33 bombing raids destroyed 80% of Frankfurt's buildings and left 17 million tons of garbage. The thousand-year-old city was reduced to rubble. After the war, Frankfurt quickly rebuilt, the development of amazing, amazing, today, in addition to chemical, electronic, mechanical industry, tertiary industries such as transportation, finance, exposition business is booming, the city changed the old look, high-rise buildings, Frankfurt jumped into an internationally renowned metropolis.
Two, geography
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Frankfurt is located on the right bank of the Main River, near the confluence of the Main River and the Rhine River, is located in the Taunus Mountains south of the Great Plain. The city center and inner city are on the north bank of the Main, and numerous bridges over the Main connect the inner city with the suburban Sachsenhausen region.
Frankfurt has a mild climate, with wet spring and fall, hot summers and cold winters, and large temperature differences between summer and winter. the average temperature in January is -1.5°C, and the average temperature in July is 17.5°C. The average temperature of the city is 17.5°C, and the average temperature of the city in July is 17.5°C.
Third, transportation
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The seat of the Frankish Christian bishops' conference was originally located at the only crossing of the Main River, and the city of Frankfurt got its name from this - it is derived from the Latin " The name Frankfurt was derived from the Latin word "Franconofurd", meaning "Frankish crossing". Frankfurt quickly developed into a major city, thanks to its easy access to public transportation.
By plane There are two round-trip flights a week from Frankfurt to Beijing and Shanghai. Frankfurt's Rhein-Main Airport is Europe's second-largest air terminal and Germany's gateway to the world; it handles 18 million passengers a year. Aircraft departing from here fly to 192 cities around the world, and 260 routes connect Frankfurt with the rest of the world. The airport is easily accessible from the center of Frankfurt. There are direct connections to the airport by car, subway and train.
Trains The airport train station is located in Airport Building 1. The S-Bahn from the airport train station to Frankfurt main station takes 10 minutes and costs about DM5.80, with buses leaving every 10 minutes. Tickets for other German cities can be picked up at the Travel Center at the Airport Railway Station; the Travel Center is open daily from 8:00 to 22:30, and until 18:00 on December 24 and Sundays. Frankfurt Main Station*** has 24 platforms, where domestic and international trains depart and arrive at all times. On the basement level there is a suburban train station, a city train station and a shopping center. Passing through the basement to the main entrance of the station, you will find the main street, Caesar Street, a section of which is a "pedestrian's paradise" that is closed to cars, and which extends all the way to the center of the city. A 10-minute walk from the station along the Kaiserstrasse will bring you to a square lined with BFC high-rise buildings and a modern theater, where you enter the city center, and about five minutes further on is R?merpl, with its cathedral and old city hall.
Transportation Nearby trains, city trains, inner-city trains and buses are common within the FVV (Frankfurt Transportation Association) and are operated on a zone-by-zone basis, centered on the main station. For sightseeing in the city, you only need to buy a zone 1 ticket for the center section (from the airport to the main station, however, you need a zone 2 ticket). Buy your ticket at the ticket counter at the terminal before boarding the train. A regular ticket is 2.20DM per zone. Alternatively, you can buy the Frankfurt Card, a travel package that consists of a half-price ticket for 14 sightseeing spots and a two-day ticket.
Bus Frankfurt Airport is served by a special bus line between Heldelber and Mannheim. One-way fares are around DM36.
Taxis After customs at the airport, travelers can follow the signs in the departure hall to the cab stand. The ride to the city center takes about 20 minutes and costs about DM40; cabs are usually orange-colored Benzes.
Renting a car When renting a car, you will need to show your international driver's license and passport, and sometimes you will need to register your credit card. You will need to check the car insurance policy of the rental company carefully. The car rental companies such as SIXT, Heta Rent A CarAs have chain stores all over Europe, so it is very convenient for you to return the car. In the countryside, the speed limit for a car (without a trailer behind it) is 100 kilometers per hour; in the city, the speed limit is 50 kilometers per hour; and on the highway, the construction speed limit is 13O kilometers per hour.
Four, financial
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Frankfurt is the fifth largest city in Germany, founded in 794 AD, full of diversified charm. Frankfurt is not only a symbol of Germany's financial and high-tech industries, it is also the place where Europe's monetary institutions converge, with more than 400 banks, 770 insurance companies and countless advertising agencies. It is also home to the German Central Bank and Europe's third largest stock exchange. Frankfurt's stock exchange is one of the largest in the world and handles 85% of all stock trading in Germany. Frankfurt is one of the few European cities with skyscrapers, and eight of the ten tallest buildings in Europe are in Frankfurt.
The Deutsche Bundesbank is located in the center of Frankfurt. This central bank of the Federal Republic of Germany is like a sharp central nerve, affecting the entire economy of Germany. The headquarters of the European Bank and the German Stock Exchange are located in Frankfurt. This is why Frankfurt is called the "Manhattan on the Main".
Frankfurt is not only a financial center of the world, at the same time it is also a famous fair city with 800 years of history and tradition. About 15 large international fairs are held annually, such as the annual spring and summer seasons of the International Consumer Goods Fair; biennial international "sanitation, heating, air conditioning" professional fair; international clothing and textile professional fair; automotive exhibitions; book fairs; culinary technology exhibitions. During the exhibition season, Frankfurt presents a busy scene, and the streets of the city are even more lively. The average number of people attending the fair is more than 1 million per year, the fair has become an important window for people to understand the world and the world to understand Germany.
V. Famous People
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Frankfurt is not only a financial center, but also a cultural town in Germany, where Goethe, the great writer, and Anne Frank, the author of Anne's diary, all came from. From the 16th century, it was designated as the place for the election and coronation of the Roman Emperor, and also began its status as a center of continental culture.
Sixth, tourist activities
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Frankfurt is not only the economic center of Germany, at the same time it is a cultural city. It is the hometown of Goethe, the world's literary hero, and Goethe's former residence is in the city center. Frankfurt has 17 museums and many places of interest, the remains of the ancient Romans, the Palm Park, the Heininger Tower, Eustinus Church, the old Opera House and so on are worth a look
Attractions:
Goethe's former home, the Romanberg Platz, the Palm Park, the Frankfurt Cathedral, the Museum of Modern Art, the Stedelijk Museum, the Museum of Ancient Sculpture, the German Film Museum
Goethe's former residence and the German Film Museum
Museum of Ancient Sculpture.
Goethe House and Goethe Museum Goethehaus und Goethemuseum
Old Town Hall Rema Roemer
Cathedral Dom
Nikolaikirsche
Paulskirche
Enghai Marta Eschenheimer Turm
National Gallery Staedtisches Kunstinstitut und Staedtische Galerie
Museum Street along the Main Museumsufer
Stock Exchange Frankfurtboese
Travel advice:
Language
German is the official language, although English is also widely spoken in Frankfurt. English can usually be used at attractions, hotels, and restaurants.
Emergency
Orange SOS telephones can be found everywhere in Frankfurt, and you can pick them up to speak for help. The police 110 and the fire department 112.
Exchange
The shopping street across the street from Paulplatz is lined with banks and lives up to its reputation as a banking city. The exchange rate is 1USD=1.8DM. Some banks do not charge a commission (NO COMMISSION) and it is more cost-effective to exchange money there. There are foreign exchange offices at the airport and major train stations, open from 8:00 to 20:00.
Clothing
People in Frankfurt wear suits and ties to work. Women also wear professional attire. For winter and spring travel, it is advisable to carry a storm coat, and even in August, a sweater or a short coat to protect against the wind is needed.
Working hours
Ordinary office hours are Monday to Friday 8:00-18:30 and Saturday 7:00-14:00. Shops are open from 8:00-20:00 on weekdays and 7:00-16:00 on Saturdays. -If you need to buy something late at night or on a Sunday, you can go to a convenience store at the Frankfurt HauPtbahnhof, Frankfurt Flughafen or a gas station.
Generally on Friday afternoons most government and company employees leave work at 14:30.
Most museums are closed on Mondays, although they are usually open longer on Wednesdays. From Tuesday to Friday, they are open from 10:00 to 17:00. Banks are generally open from 8:30 to 13:00 and from 14:30 to 16:00. On Thursdays they are extended to 17:30, and on Saturdays and Sundays they are closed all day. Post offices in large cities are usually open Monday through Friday from 8:00 a.m. to 18:00 p.m., and on Saturdays until 12:00 p.m. Post offices at major train stations or airports have longer hours and are open on Sundays.
Communications
Local and long-distance calls can be made at the post office and at public **** phone booths on the street. The post office sells phone cards, DM12 and DM50, which can be used at most phone booths.
Using a cell phone in Frankfurt is easy.
Customs and Immigration
Quarantine: All international travelers are required to have a vaccination certificate.
Immigration: Only passports and visas are checked on entry, as well as whether or not you are carrying dutiable goods. There is no need to declare in advance, in principle, you can only carry one piece of hand luggage on board, in addition to passport control, Germany is still extremely important to the security checks, such as the purchase of knives and axes and other sharp objects or samples, it is advisable to put into the large baggage check-in, so as not to cause trouble.
Duty-free: 200 cigarettes, 1 kilogram of alcohol (below 22 degrees Celsius), 50 grams of perfume and 100 grams of tea can be brought in duty-free.
Prohibited goods: weapons, ammunition, fresh meat are prohibited.
Other: Germany does not control the import and export of foreign currencies, gold, etc., and you can bring them in or out without declaring them, and you can also exchange them for other currencies freely in Germany without any restrictions. Usually, the exchange rate of banks is more favorable.
VII. Other (soccer club)
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Team name: Eintracht Frankfurt
Official website: http://www.eintracht-frankfurt.de/
English name: Eintracht Frankfurt
Founded: 1899
City: Frankfurt
Home stadium: Wald Stadium
Contact: Am Erlenbruch 25 60386 Frankfurt
② Frankfurt an der Oder, Germany
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Frankfurt an der Oder ("Frankfort-on-the-Oder")
Frankfurt-on-the-Oder is a small city on the eastern border of Germany. It is east of Berlin, on the left bank of the Oder, the German-Polish border river. The city was founded by Frankish merchants in the Middle Ages and joined the Hanseatic League in 1368. It was an important trading port for the Oriental trade from the 17th to the 19th centuries. Railroad junction, river port. It was a transit point for trade with Eastern European countries. The main industries are machinery, textile, food processing and wood processing. There are fifteenth-century churches and town halls, the old university (built in 1506).
Frankfurt (Oder), Germany
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Formerly a prefecture in the eastern part of the GDR, it became part of the state of Brandenburg after German reunification. It is bordered by Poland to the east. Area 7,186 square kilometers. Population 709,000 (1983). Located in the eastern part of the North German lowlands, it is a undulating plain, with an altitude of 162 meters or less, and is interspersed with plains and marshes. The climate is mildly continental, with an annual precipitation of 500 to 550 millimeters. The river network is dense, belonging to the Oder river basin, with a canal communicating with the Elbe. Industries include iron and steel, oil processing, heavy machinery, shipbuilding and construction materials. Crops include rye, potatoes, sugar beet and tobacco. Animal husbandry is dominated by dairy cattle breeding and pig raising. The area around Berlin is characterized by orchards and vegetable farming. The Oder and Spree rivers and canals are navigable. Important cities are Frankfurt am Main, Felstenwald, Eisenhüttenstadt, Schweiter and so on.