The first poem by Zhang Zhongsu is about one of the countless sleepless nights that Pan Pan experienced in more than a decade. In the first line, the "broken lamps" and "dawn frost" are the scenery inside and outside the Swallow House at dawn. The use of the word "companion" links the coldness outside the building with the loneliness inside, which is an arrangement for the appearance of people. The second sentence is about Pan Pan. This is difficult to write. Do you want to write about her lying in bed and crying? Do you want to write about her sighing? Neither is good. Because it has been a whole night, so she should have cried and sighed. At this time, she should get up, so write get up. With the action of getting up, to express the mood of the characters, such as Yuan Zhen in the "will be true record" in the "since the thinness and reduce the appearance of the light, ten thousand turns lazily get out of bed," is written very moving. However, Zhang Zhongsu did not write much about her own actions here, but another oddity, with a person and the bed as an extremely strong contrast, and profoundly explored her inner world. Huanhuan is an ancient floral pattern symbolizing love, and can also be used to refer to objects containing such meaning, such as the Huanhuan 襦, Huanhuan quilt and so on. On one side is the sleepless man accompanied by the broken lamp and the dawn frost, and on the other side is the acacia bed worthy of fond memories. In the cold and loneliness, the insomniac still had to get up from the bed of love after a whole night of suffering, what is the feeling in his heart, do you still need to spend more ink? The last two lines are complementary to write about Pan Pan's sleepless nights, which is what the first poem of the Classic of Poetry, "Guan Ju", said, "leisurely, tossing and turning". "The road to the ends of the earth and the sky is a long one, but what is it compared to one's love for one another? The length of one night's love is not comparable to the distance between the ends of the earth and the corners of the earth, not to mention the fact that it has lasted for more than ten years and will continue to do so. The writing of waking up early and then writing about insomnia; not writing about meeting her lover in her dream, but writing about how much she loves her lover and how she can't sleep at all, all these portray the mental activities of this woman who "misses her old love" more prominently. The writing is deep and curvaceous, free from common sense. The first two lines of Bai Juyi's poem are also about the scene of Pan Pan rising at dawn. When it is cold, of course, we have to put down the curtain to protect ourselves from the cold. Frost flowers are knotted on the curtain, and the curtain is full of frost, so we can see how heavy the cold is. Although the curtain can prevent frost, it can't cover the moon, and the moonlight is still pouring through the gap of the curtain and filling the bed. When the sky is cold, it is "cold", and when the night is long, the "lamp is broken". Being cold lamp residue, sad people have no choice but to get up and clean up the bed. Ancient people often used the terms "brushing the pillow and mat" or "serving the pillow and mat" to refer to concubines. The fact that Pan Pan "brushes the bed" here not only hints at her status, but also reflects the change in her life, for in the past she used to brush the bed for Zhang Chuan, but now she does it for herself. The original song combines the lamps inside the building with the frost outside, and contrasts the solitary sleeper with the bed of harmony. The chorus combines the full moon and the frost on the curtains, the coldness of the bed and the lamp, and adds the action of brushing the bed, which is both consistent with and different from the original song. The last two lines are also about Pan Pan's insomnia, but they contrast this solitary sleeper with the other people living in the "Zhang's old house". On a cold moonlit and frosty autumn night, everyone else went to sleep on time. Who would feel that the night was long after waking up from a deep sleep? An old poem says: "Sorrowfulness knows that the night is long," and only those who cannot sleep because of sorrowful lovesickness will y realize how difficult it is to kill time. Although there are other people living in the Swallow House, Pan Pan is the only one who feels that the frosty moon night is so long. The original song serves as Pan Pan's confession, lamenting that the end of the world is not as long as her love. The poem is lamenting that this bleak autumn night seems to be especially slow for her alone, which is the difference between the same and the same. The pines and cypresses in the north are locked in the smoke of sadness, and the swallows in the building are quiet in their thoughts. Since burying the sword track song dust scattered, the red sleeve incense has been canceled for ten years. Since I have not danced the "Nei Shang Qu", I have been folded up in an empty box for eleven years. --The second of the original songs is about Pan Pan's nostalgia for Zhang Chuan and her pity for herself. The first line is the foreground color of Zhang Chuan's tomb. Bei Mang Mountain was a famous cemetery in Luoyang during the Han and Tang dynasties, and Zhang Chuan was "buried in Dongluo", and his grave is located there. Mang and cypresses in the north, blocked by fog and smoke, are the scene in Pan Pan's imagination. This is why the second line continues with Pan Pan's silent thoughts in the Swallow Tower. "Thinking quietly" is also the "locking up of sorrowful smoke" in her heart. Her mood is not good, and it is not bleak and desolate. So the cemetery in her fantasy, it is not possible for the sun and the wind is warm, can only be miserable fog and sad smoke covered. In ancient times, the emperor expressed his favor to the ministers and licensed them to go to the temple with sword, so sword is a pronoun for ministers. The last two lines say: since Zhang Chuan's death, she no longer has the heart to sing or dance; the clouds of her songs have dispersed, and the fragrance of her dancing sleeves has disappeared; it has been ten years since the turn of the year. Bai Juyi said that she was "good at singing and dancing, with a lot of elegance", comparing her to a "wind-curling peony flower", so it is clear that she had no worries about her future if she went to serve other noblemen. However, she did not have any such idea and was faithful to her love. No wonder Zhang Zhongsu, Bai Juyi and even Su Shi in later times sympathized with her and wrote poems to praise her. (Yongjoule. Pengcheng Night Staying in Swallow House Dreaming of Pan Pan," is one of Su Shi's most famous poems.) Bai Juyi's second poem is inspired by Pan Pan's reluctance to appear on the stage of the dance pavilion, and focuses on how she treats the jewelry and clothes she wears during the dance. Who doesn't love to dress up when she is young and beautiful? However, Pan Pan wanted to wear them several times, but was suppressed by another thought, namely: who will she dress up for? When I think of this, I can only shed tears. So, even though the golden flowers have lost their luster and the robes have changed their color, I can only let them go. "Since I don't dance the Nei Shang Qu", who cares about that. The Nishang Yuyi is a famous dance song from the time of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and the fact that it is specifically mentioned here is also a hint of the high quality of her art. The word "empty" in "Empty Box" describes spiritual emptiness, such as the room where a woman lives alone is called "empty room" or "empty boudoir", and the bed where she sleeps alone is called "empty bed" or "empty curtain". In these places, one should not use words to jeopardize the meaning. Zhang Chuan died in the first year of the Yuanhe reign (806), so his poem was written in the tenth year of the Yuanhe reign. Bai's poem says "eleven years", which is a misprint for "one decade". Before the fall of Yuanhe ten years ago, the two poets were in Chang'an, and the poem was written at that time. In the fall of that year, Bai Juyi was relegated to the capital, and in the eleventh year, he was in Jiangzhou, with no chance to sing with Zhang Zhongsu. In this poem, Zhang Chuan is not mentioned. But he does not disappear; he is present in the image of Pan Pan. The poet's presentation of Pan Pan's spiritual activities is based on the great place that Zhang Chuan occupies in her heart. I have seen the geese return to Luoyang, and I have seen the bird of paradise approaching. The jade cock of the Yao Suer has no intention, and the spider's web is left to the dust. --Guan Pan Pan (sung by Zhang Zhongsu) This spring, a guest returned to Luoyang and came to the tomb of the minister. The poplar can be used as a pillar, but the red powder is not ash. --The third song is about Pan Pan feeling the change of seasons and sighing for the loss of youth. The first song is about the night of autumn, while this one is about the day of spring. The first line is about last year. The geese fly from the north to the south every fall. Xuzhou is east of Luoyang, so geese flying south through Xuzhou cannot come from Luoyang. However, since Zhang Chuan's tomb is in Luoyang, and Pan Pan lives in Xuzhou, the poet conceives that in Pan Pan's mind, these migratory birds, which are rumored to be able to pass on letters to people, must have come from Luoyang, but the person has already fallen asleep, and cannot write letters, which makes him all the more sentimental about people. The second sentence is current events. The bird of paradise is the swallow. The day of the society is the e day before and after the spring equinox, the ancient day of sacrificing to the earth god and praying for a good harvest. Swallows come from the south to the north every spring. They come when the social day is approaching. Swallows live in pairs, both male and female, and have always been used as a metaphor for loving couples. Pan Pan is now a solitary sleeper on a bed of acacia, and when she sees the swallows in pairs, how can she not lament that man is not as good as a bird? When people live in the torment of feelings, sometimes they feel that time passes very slowly, that's why the former poem says, "How much love is there in a night of love, the ends of the earth and the sky are not yet long"; and sometimes they become numb and feel that time passes very quickly, that's why this poem says, "It is appropriate to see the geese returning to Luoyang, and then the birds of the world are forcing their way to the society. " These two lines are only objective descriptions, but they uncover and show Pan Pan's deep feelings again from two other angles. In the last two lines, Pan Pan laments the passing of her youth with the passing of her love life, from the point of view of playing the musical instrument without any intention to do so. Zhou Bangyan's "Solving the Lianhuan": "The swallow building is empty, and the dark dust locks up a bed of strings" is derived from these two lines, and can be interpreted the other way around. Thur to Yao decorated, xiao to jade, visible precious, and let them covered with cobweb dust, it is not because of the memory of the geese can not send a letter to see the swallows of the double flight and make their own occurrence of "beautiful strings and tubes", and from now on eternal rest "(Jiang defense" Huo Xiaoyu biography ") sigh? The first two lines of the scene, the last two lines of love, seems to be broken actually connected, the chapter is very wonderful. The last poem of the poem focuses on the "old tour of Pengcheng", but does not directly describe the memories of the old tour, but through the situation that Zhang Zhongsu told him to express his feelings. In the spring of that year, Zhang Zhongsu returned from Luoyang and met Bai Juyi, mentioning that he had visited Zhang Chuan's tomb. Of course, Zhang Zhongsu said many other things, but what alarmed Bai Juyi was that the poplars planted near the grave had grown so thick and tall that they could be used as pillars, so how could it be possible that Pan Pan's flowery face would not turn to dust in the end? The old visit to Pengcheng, how can I get it again? Although the poem is only about the present, the nostalgia is in it. These two groups of poems follow the strictest form of chorus. The subject matter of the poem is the same, the style is the same, and the rhyme of the poem is the same as that of the poem, and even the sequence of the rhyming words is also the same, which is both the rhyme and the second rhyme. The most important thing is that the contents of the songs should correspond to each other. Zhang Zhongsu's original song is on behalf of Pan Pan to express her "old love and not married" life and feelings, Bai Juyi's and is expressed his sympathy and love for Pan Pan's life and feelings as well as for the present and past the lamentation of the decline and prosperity. The harmony between the two is very appropriate. Of course, the content of each other accordingly, does not mean that we should follow suit, so that the poem and the poem become a replica of the song and a facsimile, but to be able to see the difference in the same, if the same as the difference. From this point of view, Bai Juyi's and poems are artistically more difficult. On the whole, these two poems like two armies against each other, the work of the enemy, showing the two poets exquisite artistic skills, is a masterpiece of singing and poetry (Shen Zufen Cheng Qianfan).