Confucius disciples
Confucius seventy disciples, in accordance with the "Biography of Disciples" order, and attached to the "Confucius Family Words" list of the preface, which also see the directory listed at the end of the Discourses of the disciples involved in the identification of each [#]. Disciple age, and cited the traditional saying, that is, "less Confucius n years", Confucius should be born in the 21st year of Duke Xiang Lu (the "Historical Records" for the 22nd year of Duke Xiang Lu), so there may be a difference of one year.
01 (1). Yan Hui #, character Ziyuan, also known as Yan Yuan, "30 years younger than Confucius", 521-481 years ago, a native of Lu. Family poor, humble, for the apprentice good learning, to Confucius learning nothing but reverence, repeat the teacher's words nothing but respect. He was the first of the ten philosophers of Confucius. According to "on balance", less Zhengmao lecture, only its not go. Confucius Zhong Hui love Dudu expression, praise its most "not against benevolence", "family language" in the son said "since I have back, the door is increasingly pro". 29 years old white hair, 41 years old, early death, husband sighed "days of mourning for the "Yan Hui was a man who was poor and happy in his own way. Yen Hui was a poor and happy man, Zhou Dunyi, a Song scholar, and Confucius, and showed the two Cheng (Cheng Hao Cheng Yi) "to find the place of Confucius and Yan Joy", which became the question of the Song and Ming great Confucian search. The "Family Words" recorded many anecdotes of Yan Hui and devoted a special article to him. When Yan Hui died, Duke Ding of Lu visited him and asked him to visit Confucius ("The Family Language - Qu Li - Gong Xi Qi")
02(2). Min Lian #, character Zi Qian, "15 years younger", 536-487 BC, a native of Lu. He is a noble and modest, but the words but pertinent, the Analects of Confucius said that "the lady does not say, the words will be in", the "Records of the Grand Historian" said that "do not serve as a great man, do not eat dirt on the king's salary". Confucius ten philosophical virtues of the second. Lost his mother when he was a teenager, his mother favored his own son and his son to cotton, his father found that he wanted to repudiate his wife, long kneeling and begged his father "mother in a son cold, mother go three son single", Confucius praised that "filial piety". In the Yuan Dynasty, it was included in the Twenty-four Filial Piety, "Shun mother in a single garment". Ji's call for Fei Zai, first or hesitation, then determination. The family language" contained in its "ask political in Confucius", said: "to virtue to law", "virtue law, the Royal people of the basis" "Mrs. Jun's politics, the executive bridle policy Only." The Analects of Confucius contains his determination to resign; Sima Gong commented that he "does not serve the great masters, and does not eat the salary of the dirty ruler".
03(3). Ran Keng #, the word Bo Niu, "seven years younger", born about 544 years ago, date of death is unknown, a native of the state of Lu. He was a tolerant and upright person, good at treating people, and was often made to accompany guests by Fu Zi. He was once the Zai of the Middle Kingdom of Lu. He was one of the ten Confucian virtues, and one of the "Three Wise Men of Ran" (Ran Keng, Ran Yong, and Ran Qiu came from the Ran Clan; according to another report, "[Ran Li] ordered his three sons to go to study with him" in the Ran Clan Pu). Ran Keng was infected with a "bad disease" and died early (leprosy), and when he was seriously ill, Confucius went to visit him and lamented, "I'm dying, I'm going to die!"
04(4). Ran Yong #, the word Zhong Gong, "less than 29 years old", birth and death date is unknown, Lu people. Ran Keng's "clan", "born to an unworthy father" ("Family Words"). In 482, at the age of 41, he was hired as the chief administrator of the Ji clan in the state of Lu. He served for three months, but resigned when he was unable to fulfill his remonstrances, and then resumed his service with Confucius. He lived and traveled as a man of generosity and magnanimity, and was a lifelong scholar. He was one of the ten Confucian virtues, and one of the "Three Sages of Ran". Confucius said that he "can make the south face". Xunzi" and Confucius said: "under the law of Zhongni, since the bow of the righteousness". According to legend, he recorded the Analects of Confucius with the sages, and authored the Jingjian ji (The Collected Works of Jingjian). In the "Family Language", Zhong Bow asked about the use of government and punishment, and Zi said: "The rule of the sages will be complemented by punishment and government", i.e., "aligned by rituals and forbidden by punishment". ("Criminal Government")
05(7). Ran Qiu #, the word Ziyou, also known as Ran You, "29 years younger", born in 522 BC, date of death unknown, a native of the State of Lu. He was versatile, flexible and well-behaved, calm and modest, good at politics, "advancing in his official position, retreating to be taught by the Sage" ("Family Words"). He was one of the "Three Sages of Ranmen", the first of the ten Confucian philosophers in politics. When young, he was a vassal of Lu Ji, and then traveled with Confucius to the countries, and then called for the Ji's Zai, 484 years of Qilu Jiku battle, the rate of the left division to meet Qi, Meng Ru Zi leaks the right division of the marshal without a fight, "run", the emergency with the Fan Chi strategy, waving his sword into the battlefield, the people from the, the Qi army to escape. After the battle, the camera answered to "learn from Confucius" to let Ji Kangzi said in the Duke of Lamentations, "coins to welcome" Confucius to return to Lu. For the Ji's field tax reform to "convergence", the son said "not my disciples, ... drums and attack, can also".
06(8). Zhong Yu #, the word Zi Lu, also known as Ji Lu, "less than 9 years old", 542-480 years ago, Bian people in the State of Lu (Shandong Sishui County). He was a straightforward man, loyal, filial and courageous, dedicated to his duties and "famous for his governmental affairs" and "not being able to adapt to changes" ("Family Words"). He was the second of the ten philosophers of the Confucius family in the political affairs section. Served Confucius for the longest time, "Zi Lu like to travel", and the teacher of the liver and gall, "family language" in the Zi said "since I have by, and bad words do not enter the ear." He was once the Zai of Lu Ji, and later the Zai of Kong Yul, a doctor of Wei. He ruled Puyi for three years, and was praised by Confucius for "entering his territory", "entering his county", and "going to his court", and praised his rule three times. In the rebellion of Gui Kuaixu, that is, "Kuaixu and his son always fight for the country", he went to his own trouble, and before he died, he tied his tassel and was chopped into mincemeat. Confucius heard the news, from now on do not eat meat mud. Yuan Dynasty included in the "twenty-four filial piety" hundred miles negative rice.
07 (5). Zai Yu #, the word Zi I, also known as Zai I, 522-458 years ago, a native of Lu, or Qi. Confucius ten philosophical speech section of the first. Deep thought and insight, "sharp-tongued rhetoric" ("Family Words"), dare to violate the teacher Yan, asked three years of mourning ("Analects"), asked the five emperors of virtue is particularly sharp ("Family Words - five emperors of virtue"). Daytime famous, sharp-tongued tricky questions, repeatedly by Confucius insult, to the point of not daring to face the teacher, after the husband blamed himself: "to take people by words, lost Zaiyu." Mencius said he was "wise enough to know the saints". In the Records of the Grand Historian, it is written that "he was a doctor in the field of Linci," and in the Family Tales, it is said that "he was in chaos with Tian Chang, and razed three of his clans," and Confucius was ashamed of him, saying, "It is not a matter of profit or illness, but of Zaiyu. Tang dynasty Sima Zhen "Suo Yin" test in the "Zuo Zhuan", 481 years before the Tian Chang chaos, not contained Zai I, and Kan stop, its word "I".
08 (6). Duanmu Zhi #, surnamed Duanmu, the word Zigong, also known as Zi Gan, "less than 31 years old", 520-446 (456) years ago, the State of Wei (Henan Hebi Joon County), died in the State of Qi. 18 years old from the teacher, good learning and good questioning, skillful and eloquent, intelligent and understanding, especially high-minded. He was the second of the ten philosophers of Confucius. Confucius was compared to a "coral-lavish vessel", Sima Gongzhi said "Confucius often dismissed his arguments", and "Family Words" said "all the way to Lu and Wei and finally Qi". A generation of Confucian merchants, financial management repeatedly, "sell money in Cao, Lu between" "the most benefit" ("Historical Records? The cargo of the biography"); diplomatic shock, the matter of competent, "Zigong out, save Lu, chaotic Qi, broken Wu, strong Jin and domination of Yue" ("Disciples of the biography"), "ten years, the five countries have a change". When Zigong was the ruler of Xinyang, Confucius said, "Be diligent and prudent...no robbing, no cutting, no violence, and no stealing". Confucius died, "only Zi Gan hut on the mound, where six years". ("Family language - defense government")
09 (9). Words Yan #, the word ZiYou, also known as Shushi, "less than 45 years old" ("family language" said 35 years old), before 506 (516)-443 years, Wu people. 22 years old to worship, open-minded, unrestrained, Confucius ten philosophical and literary section of the first. He advocated the use of indoctrination to govern the society, and served as the Zai of Wucheng, teaching by rituals and music, and impressed his teacher by the incessant sound of strings and songs in the Eup. The Family Language records that: "I tasted from Confucius to Wei, and the general's Zilan, so that he was taught by Fu Zi." Kong Tuzhong alone for the South, learning to return to his hometown of Yushan (Changshu), Daoqi Southeast, known as the "southern husband". Legend has it that in his later years, he lectured on the East China Sea, and later people crowned his place name with "Fengxian" (Fengxian District, Shanghai).
10 (10). Bu Shang #, the word Zixia, later known as the word, "less than 44 years old", born about 507 years ago, death is not known, Jin Wenyi, another said Wei people (Qian Mu test, Wei destroyed Wen, mistakenly for Wei). He was the second of the ten philosophical and literary disciplines of the Confucian school. He was once the father of Ju. Talent is particularly high, insightful, "good theory of the subtle, the people of the time do not have the same", "Wei to Zixia for the saint" ("Family Words"); friendship and cleanliness, original governance, the concept of keeping up with the times, Fu Zi told "do not be a small person Confucian "I am not a Confucian. In 476 years ago, he was invited to run a school in Jin and opened the "West River School", in which Li Li (born in about 455 years ago) and Wu Qi (born in about 440 years ago) were disciples, and Marquis Wen of Wei (who came to the throne in 445 years ago) was honored as the teacher. "When his son died, he wept and lost his eyesight." He was influential in the distribution of Confucian classics, and is said to have ruled the Mao Poetry and composed the Preface to Poetry, passed on the Funeral Service of the Rites of Passage, and wrote the Biography of Yi, which Zheng Xuan said was "compiled and finalized by Zhong Gong and Zi Xia".
11 (11). Zhuan Sun Shi #, surnamed Zhuan Sun, the word Zi Zhang, "less than 48 years old", 503-447 years ago, Chen people, "Suoyin" cited Zheng Xuan said Yangcheng people (Henan Dengfeng). From a lowly background, courageous and open-minded, persistent, good friends, had a crime, the teacher became a Confucian scholar from Fu Zi, advocating "respect for the wise and tolerant of the masses", "see the danger of life, see the righteousness", Zeng Zi said, "difficult to be benevolent with and carry on! Zeng Zi said, "It is difficult to be benevolent with others", and the Family Words said, "Confucius' disciples were friendly but not respectful". Confucius died, professor and end, created "Zi Zhang's Confucianism", "Han Fei Zi" listed as the Confucian division of the first of the eight schools. In Lü Shi Chun Qiu (The Spring and Autumn Annals of Lu Shi - Honoring the Teachers), it is written that Zi Zhang, "a man who was tortured, killed, and humiliated," studied with Confucius and "thus became a famous and prominent person in the world. From the teacher trapped in Chen Cai, "asked the line", Zi told "words of loyalty and faith, behavior of respect".
12(12). Zeng Shen #, character Ziyi, known as Zeng Zi, "46 years young", 505-435 BC, native of Wucheng, State of Lu (Weizhuang Township, Pingyi County, Shandong Province). His ancestor was a descendant of Xia Yu (夏禹), surnamed Si (姒), and his father, Zeng Duo (曾点), was an early disciple of Kong Qiu (孔丘). He followed his teacher at the age of 16, and was once beaten unconscious by his father's cane, but Zi Zi told him that he was filial to his father. He was a quiet and steady man, modest and prudent. At the age of 38, Zeng Zi was hired as a guest teacher by Dr. Wucheng to teach him, and at the age of 50, Zeng Zi was invited by Qi to be a minister, by Chu to be a magistrate, and by Jin to be a minister, but all of them refused to accept his invitation. At the age of 60, he and Zixia and Duan Ganmu set up a teaching center in the West River area. He was quite successful in carrying on Confucianism, teaching Kong Kai (Zi Si, the grandson of Confucius), and Kong Kai's disciples taught Mencius. The "University" and "Book of Filial Piety" may have been written by him, and the "Book of Han" recorded "eighteen articles of Zeng Zi". Yuan Dynasty included in the Twenty-four Filial Piety, which is painful to the fingers. After the mother, "the provision is not bad", wife "quinoa steam is not cooked" "so out of it, never marry". [Song] Cheng Yi said the Analects of Confucius "into a son, Zeng Zi's disciples".
13 (13). Tantai Mieming #, surnamed Tantai, character Ziyu, "less than 39 years old" (the "family language" said 49 years old), born in the year 512 (or 502) years before the year of death is not known, the state of Lu Wucheng people (Pingyi, Shandong Province). When Zi You was a staff member of Wucheng Zai, Zi You complimented him for "not walking in the right direction, not on official business, and not having ever been in Yan's room" in response to his teacher's question. Become a disciple of Confucius, "want to serve Confucius, Confucius thought the material is thin", the real is "appearance is very bad" by the husband of the son of the dislike; resigned from the teacher since the fight, "retired and cultivation", traveled to study the Jianghuai, to promote Confucianism, as many as three hundred disciples. He had as many as three hundred disciples and was famous in all the vassal states. Confucius blamed himself: "Judge a man by his appearance, lost Zi Yu."
14 (15). Mi Buqi #, name Buqi, the word Zi Shi, "less than 30 years old" (the "family language" said 40 years old), 521 (?) years before the -445 years, a native of the State of Lu. -445, a native of the state of Lu, also said to be a native of the state of Song. Attention to cultivation, a gentleman's model, when appointed as a single father Zai (Shandong Heze Shanxian), the use of "do nothing to rule", the achievement of "the body does not go down to the hall and the single father rule" ("Lv Chunqiu" - Chaxian ");" Shiji - Shiji Legend " Chu Shao-sun addendum: "Zi Chan ruled Zheng, but the Zheng people were not able to do anything. "When Zi Chan ruled Zheng, the people could not be deceived; when Zi Shi ruled Shanfu, the people could not bear to be deceived; when Ximen Bao ruled Ye, the people dared not be deceived." Confucius said, "I am sorry! Buqi ruled by the small, ruled by the big is a little more." Legend has it that Mi Bu Qi went to his post, two officials accompanied him, let him write the paperwork but shook his elbow; officials back to Lu Jun, Lu Jun make informed: single father of the matter by your decision, five years after the report.
15 (19). Original Xian #, the word Zisi, also known as the original Si, original Sizhong, "less than 36 years old", born in 515 years ago, the death year is not known, the people of the State of Lu, but also said that the Song people, Qi people. He was a man of integrity, not greedy for money, not seeking a career, "poor but happy". When Confucius was the chief magistrate of the state of Lu, he served as the chief of Confucius' household. When Confucius died, he retired to Wei and lived in poverty. When Zigong was the minister of Wei, he went to visit him and was astonished. He asked if he was sick, and Yuan Xian replied, "Those who have no wealth are called poor, and those who learn the Way but cannot practice it are called sick", which made Zigong "feel ashamed of his words all his life! "(The Disciples' Chronicles) ("Disciples Liezhuan", "Family Words")
16 (20). Gongye Chang #, surname Gongye, character Zi Chang, "32 years younger", 519-470 BC, a native of Qi, or Lu. He was a prudent and steady person, and was said to be "able to bear shame" in the Family Words. Confucius thought that "although Gong Ye Chang was in bonds, it was not his sin", so he married his daughter to him. Legend has it that Gongye Chang knew the language of birds, deducing that knowing the language of birds is the first to be convicted of a crime and then be spared a disaster has become a legend. According to [Tang] nephew Shen, in the article "Sighing at the lack of swallows in the prison", he said, "It is better to speak the language of the yellow bird than to be spared the disaster of Gongye Chang."
17 (21). Nangong Xie #, surnamed Nangong, also known as Tao, the word Zirong, also known as Nanyong, Nangong Kuo, birth and death date is unknown, a native of the State of Lu. Respect for morality, careful words and deeds, to "Bai Gui's defilement" again and again to warn themselves, y appreciated by the teacher; to "Yi good shooting, haughtily swinging the boat, are not allowed to die; Yuji groveling crops and have the world" asked the teacher, Zi said: "Gentleman! Confucius called him "a gentleman!" Confucius called him "a state with the way, not abolished; state without the way, free from punishment", "the world is clear, not abolished, the world is turbid, not polluted", and let his niece (Qiu half-brother's brother Meng Pi's daughter) married to him.
18 (22). Gong Cai Ai #, "family language" has "Gong Cai Ke", surnamed Gong Cai, the word Jiji, also the word Jishen, birth and death date is unknown, Qi people. Family poverty, "lifelong empty room, brown clothes and sparse food", under the tutelage of Confucius, study, "alone in the virtue of the gentleman", Confucius said: "the world is not line, more than for the courtier, served in the capital; only Ji Ji has not been served. " The family language " cloud: " have not tasted the bending of human subjects, Confucius special sigh of noble." The historical record - the chivalrous biography of the said: "If the quarter, the original Xian, also the people of the village, reading and wai alone in the gentleman's virtue, the righteousness of the world, when the world also laughed at it. Therefore, the quarter, the original Xian life empty room, brown clothes, sparse food do not get tired. He died more than four hundred years ago, and the disciples were not tired of their ambition."
19(23). Zeng 蒧 # (dot ancient word), the word Zi Cai, also known as Zeng Cai, birth and death date is unknown, Lu Wucheng people (Shandong Pingyi), Zeng Sen's father. He was an early disciple of Confucius and was a strong believer in Confucianism. He accompanied Confucius with Zi Lu, Ran Qiu, and Gong Xi, chatting about their aspirations, hoping that "in the late spring, when the spring uniforms are ready, five or six people will be crowned, and six or seven children will bathe in the water of Yi, and the wind will be the summer of the dance, and they will return home with singing". Confucius y shared the same feeling: "I am with 蒧 [the same]."
20 (24). Yan Wuchao #, also known as by, the word Lu, a word Jilu, "less than 6 years old", born in 545 years ago, the year of death is not known, the state of Lu people. Father of Yan Hui. He was one of the early disciples of Confucius. In the thirteenth year of Lu Zhao (529 BC), "Confucius was twenty-three years old when he began to teach at Que Li, and the disciples of Yan Lu, Zeng Dang, and Qin Zhang went to be taught." (Liu Xiang, "New Preface") son Yan Hui died early, Yan Wucao is not willing to thin coffins for burial, face to face to ask the husband for a car for the coffin, Confucius to carp death with a coffin without a coffin to dissuade, all the disciples to conceal the teacher thick burial.
21 (25). Shang Qu #, the word Zi Mu, also known as Bu Zi, Mr. Bu, "less than 29 years old", born in 522 years ago, death year is unknown, Lu people. Mr. Bu was a native of Lu. He had a high level of understanding and was a master of learning, and was said to be "very good at the Book of Changes (Yi), which was passed on by Confucius" in the Family Words, and was the teacher who inspired Fu Zi to learn the Book of Changes. Qian Chisel degree" cloud: Confucius was born without knowing the "Yi" this, occasionally divining its life to travel, please benefit from the business Qu. Said "Zi has the holy knowledge but no position", Confucius sobbed and said "the phoenix bird does not come, the river has no map to, the fate of God". The old man and good "Yi", "living in the seat, line is in the jewels" ("Paleo Yi"), the counter-assertion: "Confucius passes easy to Qu". Suoyin" said "Shang Qu passed easy to Yang He (Hanzhong Da Dao), where eight generations have been passed on": → 馯 arm Zi Hong → Jiao Pi Zi Yong → Zhou vertical Zi Jia → Guang Yu Zi multiply → Tian He Zi Zhuang → Wang Tong Zi Zhong → Zhou Wang Sun, Ding Kuan, Yang He.
22 (14). Gao Chai #, the word Zi Lamb, or Ji Lamb, Zigao, Zigao, Jigao, "less than 30 years old" (the "family language" said 40 years old), before 521 (?) He was born in 521(?) BC, but his date of death is not known; he was a native of Wei or Qi. He was a native of Wei, or Qi, and was described in the Jia Shu as "not more than six feet tall, with a very evil appearance". He was a rule-follower, which Zi thought to be "foolish", but in fact was not, but was flexible and principled, and was a member of the "Fei Fenzhu Zai" (Dongping County, Shandong Province), He was once the "Fei Fu Zai" (Dongping County, Shandong Province) and the "Shi Shi Shi Shi of Wei". During the "Kuaixu Rebellion" in Wei, Zi Lamb was able to escape from the pursuers because the gatekeeper and the amputee did not care about the grievances of amputation ("Family Words - Zhisi"), and he met Zi Lu in the city and persuaded him not to enter the city for refuge. "Confucius was in Lu, heard, said 'Chai also its coming, by also dead'." ("Family language - Qu Li - Zi Xia asked")
23 (26). Lacquer Diao Kai #, surname Lacquer Diao, name Qi (Han Dynasty avoiding Liu Qi easy to Kai), word Zi Ruo, or Zi Kai, "less than 11 years old", born in the year 540 before, year of death is not known, Cai State, or Lu State people. Born in 540 B.C., died unknown, a native of Cai State or Lu State. He was not guilty but suffered from "Bin" punishment, studied under Confucius, and had no distractions, "Family Words" said that he "practiced Shang Shu, and was not happy to serve". Confucius told him "can be Shi carry on, time will be over", politely answered the learning is difficult to be used in the world: "I'm not able to believe", so Wang Su note said "did not get to use the book of the meaning of", Kong Anguo note that "the way of service, failed to believe, failed to study and learn". Han Fei "revealed" listed Confucianism eight schools have lacquer carving of Confucianism.
24. Gong Bo Liu #, the word Zi Zhou, birth and death date is unknown, Lu people. In the Analects of Confucius, it is written that Gong Bo Liu "sued" (denigrated) Zi Lu in front of Ji Huan Zi, and Zi Suo Jing Bo told Confucius, "I have a way to let him be exposed to the public," and "to go on a rampage in the marketplace". The Jiejie cites Zheng Xuan's note: "Make people kill bureaucrats and wreak havoc. Guilty of both the punishment, the display of his body is said to wanton." Confucius does not blame, borrow "fate" persuasion: "the road will be traveling also with, fate also; the road will be abolished also with, fate also. The way will be abolished and the fate is also the same. He was not listed as a disciple of Confucius because he was a "slanderer" in The Analects of Confucius. He was expelled from the Temple of Confucius during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. In the "Family Words" quoted in Suo Yin, "There is no Gong Bo Diao, but there is Shen Diao Zi Zhou".
25 (30). Sima plowing #, also known as plow, the word Zi Niu, also known as Sima Niu, birth and death date is unknown, Song people. After the Xiang clan, son of Xiang Luo. He was "impatient and talkative", and was admonished by Confucius to "speak more slowly", and "if you are free from guilt, you will be free from worry and fear". Song Sima Huankui, as described in Zuo Zhuan - 14th year of Duke Liao, was a despot in Song and failed to run away from Wei and Qi to Wu, and later died outside the gate of Lu. Also known as Sima Niu, the word cow, Sima Gong misjudged "cow is the brother of Huan brother", triggering the later Confucian note misunderstood.
26(16). Fan Shu #, the word Zi Chi, also known as Fan Chi, "less than 36 years old" ("family language" said 46 years old), 515 (?) years ago, born, died in an unknown year. He was born in 515(?) BC and died in an unknown year. He was a native of the State of Lu (Jia Shu), or of the State of Qi (Zheng Xuan). He was inquisitive and studious, progressive and pragmatic, quite courageous, and young and sophisticated. He asked for advice on farming and gardening, and was regarded by Confucius as a "little man". In 484, when the Qi division attacked Lu, i.e. the Battle of Jiqu, Ran Qiu led the left division to meet the battle, and was late for the right side of the chariot. The right army fled from the battlefield; the left army was afraid of the enemy and did not dare to attack beyond the moat. At the critical moment, Ran Qiu was encouraged to be the first to fight, and his spear entered the battlefield, defeating the Qi army.
27 (17). You Ruo #, the word Zi You, later honored as You Zi, "less than 43 years old" (the "family language" said 36 years old), before 518 (?) -458(?) He was a native of the State of Lu in 518(?) -458(?) BC. He was a learned man with a strong knowledge of the ancient world and a comprehensive grasp of Confucianism. He believed that filial piety and fraternal duty were the foundation of man, and advocated ruling by doing nothing and hiding wealth in the people. At the time of his death, he was treated as a teacher because of his "resemblance to Confucius", but his learning was unpopular and he was asked to leave the seat of the teacher. Meng Zi said, "Zi Xia, Zi Zhang, Zi You ... strong Zeng Zi" (Teng Wen Gong); Sima Gong said, disciples to Fu Zi easy divination to say things aptly, and asked "how to know", "there is if silent No answer". When Yuruo passed away, Duke Lu went to offer his condolences. It is said that the Analects of Confucius was edited by a disciple of Youruo.
28 (18). Gong Xi Chi #, surname Gong Xi, character Zi Hua, also known as Gong Xi Hua. "42 years young", born 509 or 519 years before, year of death unknown, a native of Lu. He was known for his expertise in the rituals of sacrifices and guests, and his delight in "guests" and "affairs of the temple", which was described in the Family Words as "standing in the court with his belt tied around his neck, and being idle in the rituals of guests and hosts". On the recommendation of Fu Zi, he traveled to Qi on a fat horse and a light fur; "Ran Qiu asked for corn for his mother", and was told by Fu Zi that "a gentleman should be anxious not to continue to be rich" because he wanted more than he could afford. The family language - the final record of the solution" said "Confucius' funeral, Gong Xi Chi palm funeral", very full of summer, Yin and Zhou rituals.
29 (31). Wuma Shi #, surnamed Wuma, the word Ziqi, also known as Ziqi, "less than 30 years old", born in the year 521 years ago, the year of death is not known, the state of Lu (Zheng Xuan), or the state of Chen (family language). He was a native of Lu (Zheng Xuan), or of Chen (Jiayu). He was loyal, righteous and generous, and was known for his diligence, practicing Confucianism, and not greedy for wealth and riches. He was once the father of Shanfu Zai of Lu (Shanxian, Shandong). Chen Shifu said that Confucius was suspected of being a "gentleman not party" by saying that "the ruler of Lu married a woman from Wu as his wife", but he was unable to answer the question. In the chapter of "Lü Shi Chun Qiu" (The Spring and Autumn Annals of Lu Shi), Zi Xian was compared with Mi Zi Shi on "ruling Shanfu": Zi Shi was "ruling by sounding the qin"; Zi Shi "went out with the star, came in with the star, and stayed away from the star day and night, and kissed it with his own body, and Shanfu was ruled". ".
30 (32). Liang Acipenser, the word Shuyu, number Zijing, "family language" said "less 39 years old", born in the first 512 years, the death year is not known, Qi people. According to legend, he was the ninth grandson of Kang Bo, the founder of Shaoliang (Shaanxi Hancheng), and the fifth grandson of Yier, the great doctor of Jin, who moved to Qi to avoid the chaos. He was childless at the age of thirty, and his mother wanted to marry another man, but he was advised by Shang Qu, who was "over forty" at the time, that it was not his wife's fault, so he stopped, and he had a son at the age of forty-two. He was a disciple of Zeng Zi. The genealogy shows that both father and son were worshipped in the Temple of Confucius.
31(35). Yan Xing (颜幸), aka Xin (辛), courtesy name Ziliu (子柳), "46 years younger", born in 505 BC, date of death unknown, a native of the state of Lu (鲁国). Portrait of Yan Xing in the National Palace Museum, Taipei. The Book of Rites has Yan Liu.
32 (34). Ran Ru, the word Zilu, "family language" said "Ran Ru, Ziyu", "less than 50 years old", born in 501 years ago, death year is unknown, Lu people. He was born in 501 B.C., died in an unknown year, and was a native of Lu.
33 (38). Cao Xie (曹恤), character Zi Chuan (子循), 50 years younger, born in 501 BC, year of death unknown, a native of Cai (上蔡洙湖镇). According to legend, Cao Xie was the 18th generation grandson of Cao Zhenduo, who was the 6th generation (also said to be the 13th generation) of King Wen of the Zhou Dynasty, and took the state as his family name because of his fief in Dingtao. Cao Xie was a rich and kind-hearted man who often performed good deeds and was well loved, and was known as "Ledao Mingyi". In his later years, he resigned from the government and moved to Honghe, which is called Cao Zhai, and the Cao surname of today's Suhu Town was passed down to his descendants. Cao Xueqin is a descendant of Cao Xueqin.
34 (36). Boqi, the word Zi analysis, or Zi fold ("Suoyin"), small 50 years old, born in 501 years ago, death is not known, the state of Lu people. According to legend, a descendant of Dou Bo Bi. Dou Bo Bi (date of birth and death unknown), surnamed Mi, also known as Xiong Bo Bi, son of Ruo Ao Xiong Yi, a native of Dou Yi (Utopia, Hubei), a magistrate of the State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period, and the originator of the Dou Clan.
35 (37). Gongsun Long, surnamed Gongsun, character Zishi, 53 years younger, born in 498 years ago, date of death is unknown, a native of the State of Chu (Zheng Xuan), or the State of Wei (family language). This Gongsun is not the Gongsun of "White Horse, Not Horse".
36 (49). Ran Ji, the word Zi Chan, the "Collection of Explanations" cited Zheng Xuan said Lu people. Genealogy cloud, Ran Yong second son.
37 (43). Gong Zu Juzi, "family language" has "Gong Zu Zi", the word Zi Zhi, Lu state Yanqiu people (Henan Gushi). Jiu, yinhou [gōu] (Suoyin, "Justice").
38 (41). Qin Zu, the word Zi Nan, "set of explanations" cited Zheng Xuan said Qin people, Shangji (Tianshui, Gansu) Qinzhou Wenmiao set up a shrine to Qin Zu.
39 (74). Lacquer carving do, also known as侈, the word Zi convergence, "Jiejie" cited Zheng Xuan said Lu people. Do, the red one against [chǐ/chě] ("Jiejie" "Suoyin").
40 (29). Yan Gao #, "family language" has "Yan carving", a gram, the word Zi Jiao. Justice: "Confucius was in Wei, Nanzi recruited Fuzi for the second ride through the city, Yan Gao for the Royal." The Family Language: Confucius was in Wei, and Zi Jiao was his servant. Duke Ling of Wei and his wife Nanzi out of the same car ... ... to make Confucius as the second passenger, traveling through the city, Confucius shame. Yan Chieh said: "Why are you ashamed?" Confucius said: "Poetry" cloud: 'meet you newly married, to comfort my heart.'" He sighed, "I have not seen a good virtue as good as color."
41 (62). Lacquer carving apprentice father, "family language" has "lacquer carving from, word Ziwen", or "word solid" ("Suoyin"). Ru Ningfu Zhi said, "Lacquer carving from, also known as lacquer carving from the father, the word Ziwen".
42 (48). Team Chi, the word Zitu, "family language" has "Rang team Chi, the word from", the Qin people, Qin on the ground of the people (Tianshui, Gansu), and Shi Zuoshu, Qin Zu known as "Long Shang Confucianism Xian", Qinzhou Temple of literature set up a team of Chi shrine.
43 (55). Shang Ze, the word Zi Xiu, a Zi Ji.
44 (67). Shi Zuoshu (石作蜀), Ziming (子明), Zhuozi (卓子), 519-479 B.C., a native of Ji (Gangu County, Gansu). After completing his studies, he returned to his hometown to teach and educate, and move the customs, so that Confucianism came out of the west, and he was honored as "Shi Fu Zi". Gangu County in 1989 in the ten mile store elementary school set up "Shi Zuoshu sage old site monument".
45 (56). Ren Buqi, the word selection, 545-468 years ago, "collection" cited Zheng Xuan said Chu people. The king of chu heard of his reputation, want to hire on the secretary, was refused, dedicated to poetry and rituals, rumor has it that the words of confucius made three Yat-sen. After his death, he was buried in Taoxiang, tomb in Jining City, north of Fangge store.
46 (27). Gongliang Ru #, Gui surname, Gongliang clan, the name Ru, the word Zizheng, ZiYu, also as Gongliang Ru, GongXiang Ru, from the Chen State Gong clan. Confucius traveled around the world, often bringing his own "family car five times" with him ("Family Words"), and when he was trapped in Wei via Pu, he fought to the death against the Gongshu clan, causing the people of Pu to be afraid and to enter into an alliance with Confucius. The fact that Sima Gong was not included in the list of 35 is an oversight.
47 (51). Hou Chu, the word Zi Li, Zheng Xuan said the Qi people (the "Collection of Explanations"), or Cai state people.
48. qin rong-nyong, word open. The Justice Department said that there was no such person in the family language.
49 (64). Gong Xia first, "family language" for "Gong Xia Shou", the word Zi multiply, "collection of explanations" in Zheng Xuan said Lu people.
50 (42). Xi Rong Zhen, word Zi Cai, "family language" for "Xi Zhen, word Zi Kai". The "Justice" said Wei people.
51. Gong shoulder fixed, the word ZiZhong, Zheng Xuan said Lu people ("JieXie"), or Jin people. Suo yin " said " " family language " the same ".
52. Yan Zu, word Xiang, or Zishang, "justice" said Lu people. Suoyin" said "family language" no such person.
53. 鄡 single [qiāo-shàn], word Zijia. Xu Guang said: "A cloud 'Wu Shan', Ju Lu has 鄡 county, Taiyuan has Wu county." ("Collected Explanations" "Suoyin"). Suoyin" said "family language" no such person.
54 (65). Sentence well border, "set of explanations" cited Zheng Xuan said Wei people. Sentence as "hook" [gōu] ("justice").
55(46). Han father black, the word Zisuo.
56 (28). Qin Shang, character Zi Pi, "Collected Explanations" quoted Zheng Xuan as saying that he was a native of Chu. The family language, said: "Lu people, the word Pi Ci. Less Confucius four years old, his father Sumire, and Confucius father Uighur also known as force."
57 (70). Shen Dang (申党), said to be a member of the Shen family, the word Zhou, a native of Lu, proficient in the six arts. Suoyin" cited "family language", "Shen Liu, the word Zhou" (Shen Aeriform character Zi Zhou). In the Analects of Confucius, there is a note by Zheng Xuan, "Shen completes the post, a native of Lu, and a disciple".
58 (72). Yan Zhimou, the word uncle, the "collection of explanations" cited Zheng Xuan said Lu people.
59 (57). Rong flag, word Zi prayer, "Suo Yin" cited "family language" has "Rong prayer, word Zi Yan".
60 (75). County into, "family language" has "hanging into, word Zi horizontal", "justice" "word Ziqi", "collection" cited Zheng Xuan said Lu people.
61 (53). Left Ying, word line, "family language" has "left Ying, word Zi line", "collection" cited Zheng Xuan said Lu.
62 (63). Yan unreal, the word Zisi, "less than 10 years old", 541-476 years ago, Qin Yuyang people (Shaanxi Baoji Qianyang County). 23 years old, with the Nangong fit, Zi Lu and other accompanied Confucius into the Zhou to ask the rites. 27 years old to return to his hometown, 35 years old, went to Qi and then with Confucius. 40 years old, living in seclusion in Yuyang, set up an altar to promote the teaching. Teachers for nearly 20 years, every thought of the teacher must use the lapel to scoop up the yellow soil in the high slopes, day after day even more than ten meters high, 1929 set up "Yan Unreal 望鲁台" monument. (Yan family tree)
63 (50). Xue Bang, character Zitu. Sima Gong as "Zheng Guo", "Zheng" is the error of "Xue"; "Guo" is to avoid the name of the ancestor of the Han Dynasty. (Suoyin, "Justice")
64 (61). Qin Fei, the word Zi Zhi, "Jiejie" cited Zheng Xuan said Lu people.
65 (69). Shi Zhichang, character Ziheng. According to legend, the ancestor of Shi Nai-an, the author of Water Margin.
66 (58). Yan Kuai (颜哙), character Zi Sheng (子声), cited in the Collected Works of Zheng Xuan as a native of Lu.
67 (66). BU Shuxu multiply, character Zi Che, "Collected Explanations" quoted Zheng Xuan as saying that he was a native of Qi.
68 (59). Original hyper, the word book. Justice" said: hyper, as "宂"[rǒng].
69 (71). Le Bei, character Zi Sheng, "Justice" said Lu people.
70 (44). Lian Jie, character Yong, "Jiejie" cited Zheng Xuan said Wei people.
71 (40). Shu Zhonghui, word Ziqi, Lu people, "Jiejie" "Suoyin" cited Zheng Xuan said Jin people. The "family language" said: compared with Kong Xuan years, every child of. The pen to write down things in the husband, two people repeatedly serving around. Meng Wu Bo see Confucius and asked "this two children of the young also in the study, can not recognize in the strong?" Confucius said "yes. Less into if the nature is also, habit if natural also."
72. Yen He, word rong-nyong (Ran), "collection of explanations" cited Zheng Xuan said Lu people. Suoyin" said "the family language" word said.
73(54). Di Hei, word Cai, "family language" word Zhe Zhi.
74 (68). Bang Xun, the word Zi convergence, "Jiejie" cited Zheng Xuan said Lu people. Wen Wengtu as "national election", is to avoid the Han Liu Bang taboo. Liu's "邽巽", or due to the shape of the word and different.
75 (73). Kong Zhong, the word Zi contempt, "Jiejie" quoted "family language" said "Confucius brother's son".
76 (45). Gong Xi Hui Ru (公西舆如), with the character Zi Shang (子上), and "Gong Xi Hui (与)" in the Jiyu (家語).
77 (47). 公西葴,字子上,《索隐》引《家语》"Zi Shang"，《集解》引郑玄曰鲁人。
78 (33). Qin Juan, the word Zikai, and the word Zhang, Wei people. The family language" said: qin firm "and zonglu friends, heard zonglu died, want to go to hang. Confucius did not allow, said 'not righteousness'."
79 (39). Chen Kang, a native of Chen, with the character Zi Yuan, a character Zi Tiao. He was forty years younger than Confucius.
(Quoted from "Advice to the World - I Speak the Analects")