The work is from a passage to the avenue. A Passage to the Avenue comes from an article in The Book of Rites edited by Dai Sheng, a ritual scholar in the Western Han Dynasty. This paper aims to clarify the basic characteristics of the Confucian "Great Harmony" society and the ideal social model of "the world is for the public" pursued by the ancients. Firstly, this paper summarizes the basic characteristics of "Datong" society; Secondly, it explains the ideal model of "Datong" society. Finally, compare the real society with the ideal "Great Harmony" society to further explain "Great Harmony". The full text is well-paced, varied and eclectic, which is thought-provoking and inspiring to read.
original work
When great ways prevail
The trip to the avenue is also for the public, choosing talents and talents, and honesty. An old friend is not only a relative, but also an only child. In this way, the old will have an end, the young will be useful, and the young will be strong. Those who are sorry, widowed, lonely, widowed and disabled will be provided for, and the men will be divided and the women will return. If the goods are abandoned on the ground, there is no need to hide them on yourself; You don't have to do it for yourself. Therefore, it is called "Datong" to seek closure but not prosperity, and thieves do not do it, so leaving the house is not sealed.
Translation of works
The road has been implemented, and the world is fair. Select and recommend people with high moral character and brilliant talents, stress credibility and cultivate a harmonious atmosphere. Therefore, people should not only love their parents, but also love their children, so as to ensure that the old people will not die, that the middle-aged people can give full play to their talents and serve the society, that the young children can grow up smoothly, and that the old people have no wives, husbands, fathers, children and disabled people can do everything. Men should have jobs and women should get married in time. Property, I hate it being thrown on the ground, but not necessarily because I want to keep it for myself. Strength, don't like it is not out of their own, but not necessarily for their own self-interest. Therefore, if the plot is blocked and will not rise, no one will steal property, make trouble or harm people, so every household only closes the door from the outside and does not bolt it from the inside. This is called Datong society.
Annotation of works
1. from the Book of Rites. The Book of Rites, one of the Confucian classics, is a compilation of various etiquette works before Qin and Han Dynasties by Dai Sheng in the Western Han Dynasty, with a total of 49 articles. Li Yun is a book written by Confucian scholars at the end of the Warring States Period or the Qin and Han Dynasties, and its title is The Book of Rites. This article is a passage at the beginning of The Book of Rites. Avenue refers to the highest political ideal in ancient times. Ok, implement it.
2. Avenue: refers to the political system that was respected by Confucianism in ancient times.
3. Itinerary: First, the auxiliary word cancels the independence between sentences and does not translate. Ok, implement it.
4.？ The world is public: the world is public.
5. Select talents and (jǔ) ability: select and recommend people with high moral character and brilliant talents. Use, use "lift".
6. Faith Remedy (mù): stress honesty and cultivate a harmonious atmosphere.
7. Maintenance: training.
8. Pro-Qin: the first pro, used as a verb, is pro-Qin; Second cousin, parents.
9. Son and son: the first son, used as a verb, takes ... as a son; The second son, the child.
10. There is an ending: there is a guarantee of death.
1 1. Be a useful person: you can give full play to your talents and serve the society.
12. There is one advantage (zhǎng): it can grow smoothly.
13. Something that can be supported: it can be supported.
14. Love, widowhood, loneliness, loneliness, disability: Love, knowing "guān", no wife. Old and young. Lonely, the child has no father. Lonely, old, childless. Disabled and disabled, unable to work. That man, ...
15. Men have points (fèn): Men have positions. Points, responsibilities, responsibilities.
16. Return and the woman gets married.
17. cargo evil (wù). If they are abandoned on the ground, there is no need to hide them on themselves: property. I hate throwing them on the ground, but it is not necessarily because I want to keep them for myself.
18. I hate it not for my body, but not necessarily for myself: I hate it not for myself, but not necessarily for my own self-interest.
19. So: that is, "so yes" can be translated as "so", "so" and "like this".
20. Not prosperous and seeking closure: the heart of the plot is blocked and will not rise.
2 1. Don't steal: stealing, cheating and harming people won't happen. Rogue thieves, insurrection and injury. Work, get up.
22. therefore: therefore.
23. Don't close the door outside: close the door from the outside, not bolt it from the inside. Turn it off and plug it in.
works appreciation
theme
On the basis of expounding the basic characteristics of "Datong" society, this paper points out the bright future of "Datong" society. Everyone here can get social care, live and work in peace and contentment, and do their best. This is the lofty social ideal of Confucianism.
This paper compares the real society with the ideal "Datong" society, thus pointing out many phenomena in the real society, such as conspiracy, theft of property, chaos and so on. It will no longer exist in the "Datong" society, but will be replaced by a peaceful and stable situation of "leaving home and not closing the door", which has already reflected the real situation of the real society: social chaos, turmoil, intrigue, and fear for oneself; Thieves are rampant and chaos is rampant.
In a word, the ideal society described in this paper reflects the ancient people's yearning for a better society in China. Although the subjective purpose is only to discuss etiquette, explain the ancient system and publicize Confucianism, the social ideal of "Great Harmony" is the ideological wealth left by ancient sages to all mankind more than 2,000 years ago. Reading is thought-provoking and inspiring.
level analysis
The first floor; The second floor
(One or two sentences) A programmatic interpretation of the "Great Harmony" society.
second floor
(three or four sentences) Basic characteristics of Datong society:
1, meet the needs of survival: everyone gets social care.
2. Meet the development needs: everyone can live and work in peace and contentment.
3. Meet the needs of spiritual pleasure: make the best use of everything and make the best use of people.
Third layer
The conclusion of the full text.
By comparing the real society with the "Datong" society in the ideal society, it is pointed out that many dark phenomena in the real society will no longer exist in the "Datong" society, and will be replaced by a peaceful and stable situation of "going out and not closing the door".
Brief introduction of the author
Dai Shengzi, the second son, was born in Suiyang County (now Suiyang District, Shangqiu City, Henan Province) and his ancestral home is Stern County, Guo Liang (now lankao county and Minquan County, Henan Province). Officials, scholars and etiquette scholars in the Western Han Dynasty, and pioneers of Confucian classics in the Han Dynasty. Later people called it "Dai Xiao".
Dai Sheng and his uncle Dade and Hou Cang studied Li together, and later people called them "Dadai". When Emperor Xuandi was proclaimed in the Han Dynasty, the doctor Dai participated in the discussion of Shiqu Pavilion, and the official was the magistrate of Jiujiang.
His works include The Book of Rites, which is one of the classic works of Confucianism, that is, The Book of Rites of Little Dai has been handed down from generation to generation as a holy book. Hanshu was recorded in the seventh year of Han Dynasty (80 years).
In the third year of Xianchun (1267), Zhao Qi, Song Duzong, named Dai Sheng as a "Examiner" on the grounds of his native place.