One of the main musical instruments of Huangling old rice-planting songs
Huangling folk percussion instruments are commonly carried drums, drums, drums, gongs, gongs, gongs, gongs, cymbals, hinges. Purchase of percussion instruments should also pay attention to the selection of tone, generally to the "F" key shall prevail, the tone of the large pieces of low small pieces of high pitch, should be in the "F" high key in the range of 5,1,3,5,1.
Huangling rice-planting dance on the use of percussion instruments there are two kinds of, in the mud area north of the river ditch in the villages performing rice-planting dance with small instruments accompaniment. Namely, the instruments involved are the horse gong, dumplings and flower drums. Only the sound of the horse gong is the most prominent. The villages south of the river gorge in the Mud District mostly use large musical instruments to accompany the dance. That is: carrying drums, drums, gongs, cymbals, but does not exclude the participation of small instruments, the two forms of the sheet music is the same, mixed together to play can also produce the effect of orchestration.
Two, Huangling skirt dance basic essentials
Huangling rice-planting song roughly two forms, to the mud area north of the river ditch of the South Village, the North Village, Kui Zhang Village, the main form of a juggling (male corner), a packet of the head (female corner), a drum or dumplings or gongs for three people in a group of more than one group. During the performance, the juggler is in the front, the leader is in the back, and the small percussion accompanies him. Jumping percussion accompaniment in the field. Drums, cymbals, gongs, etc. outside the field, only in the entrance, exit, step on the small field accompaniment, to set the mood.
To the mud area south of the river ditch in the village of Majia Plateau, Leiyuan village, the county is mainly two to four small detachments, each detachment is led by a juggler, followed by a number of head of the indeterminate number of head of the package, head of the package behind the handsome old man, the ugly wife, or a doctor, Mr. businessmen, and other social miscellaneous role. There are also three or five small children. The drums, gongs and cymbals are the main percussion band. In addition to singing, it has been sending the rice-planting team knocking in and out. But the above two forms of costumes, makeup, props, percussion score is the same.
1, headdress, clothing and make-up
(1) juggling
Headdress: the old juggling hat is a straw hat circle folded into a low front and high back. Can also be made in the following way for the gusset method: take (1 × 2) meters of carpentry board or similar panels for the case or use the ready-made case, and then take some clean pieces of cloth, old and new can be soaked and wrung out: the first large piece of the best and the case of a piece of the same size flat in the case; take a small bucket of glue and stir; with a brush shabu to the piece of cloth, and then take a small piece of cloth to the top of the sticking and touching so that everywhere **** sticking five layer The last layer should be covered with a new cloth in blue, green or light green, and then folded down after drying for use, commonly known as gusset. For juggling hats take a decision gusset first cut into a diameter of about 56 centimeters of the large round piece, and then in the center of the circle cut off the diameter of the calendar 18.3 centimeters of the circle, the remaining material is similar to the straw hat, and then pleated and folded, for the band sewn into place.
Clothing: upper and lower body are black, blue, gray Chinese plainclothes uniform cloth buttons, the waist tie down a good sense of soft, slightly heavy fabric made of skirt, white is appropriate, the right corner of the appearance will be lifted up in the waist, the foot wearing Niubizi cloth shoes (instep to the toe of the foot has two cloth beam beam). White Chinese cloth socks are fitted inside the mouth of the socks at the top of the trouser leg and tied with a white cloth band.
Makeup: clown makeup, only a white prismatic tofu block in the triangle between the eyes and nose, with three pinches of small black beard.
Props: the left hand holds a 30-centimeter spherical lantern, usually a lotus lantern, for nighttime illumination of the performance, and the right hand holds a fly throw.
(2) Baotou
Baotou in the old days were men dressed as women, because of the constraints of feudal society, women generally do not twist rice-planting songs.
The head flower, wig, top flower, clothing, tie skirt and other production is extremely elaborate, not to be described here.
(3) Miscellaneous
The old woman: dressed as a clown; fake belly; wearing an apron for cooking; using firecrackers or red chili peppers as earrings; donkey's eyes (donkey pulling a stone mill to grind flour in the shell of two straw hats to cover the eyes) as a bra, holding a big mallet or a rolling pin, etc., with a red face and white circles under the eyes; the performances are full of clownishness.
The little urchin: two upright pigtails on top of his head, a donkey string of bells hanging from his shoulder in the shape of a belt (about four centimeters wide, made of cowhide in the old days, and made of the above-mentioned gusset, with five to eight copper bells with a diameter of about five centimeters), and clowns in make-up.
The costumes and make-up of other social actors are arbitrary
2, basic movements
(1) In order to facilitate the introduction and understanding of the following notes
1) The following will be the actor's own up and down, front and back, left and right is still referred to as the up and down, front and back, left and right, and all parts of the body are still referred to as the fingers, palms, the back of the hands, wrists, arms, elbows, arms, waists, calves, thighs, knees, and so on. and knee. Only the front end of the center of the foot is referred to as the ball of the foot, and the back end is referred to as the heel.
②In daily life, people will be the first step of the left foot forward to move the first step is called a stilt (half-step), two stilts to count a step, the following no matter what the left or right foot as long as the forward step once called a step, the left and right feet are forward once symmetrical two steps.
3 around the square or around the square of others are counterclockwise rotation, and vice versa is clockwise rotation. Similarly, the counterclockwise rotation around others is a positive rotation, and the opposite is a negative rotation.
(2) fly flinging and flinging skirt method
①fly flinging big flinging ∞ word: is to play in the first subsection of the strong beat at the same time the fly flinging from the top of their own right and then flinging to the bottom of their own left, and from the bottom of the left pull up to the left, and from the top of the left flinging to the bottom of their own right and then pull up. Exactly one horizontal ∞ Yu in the air. Requires eight beats to complete a ∞ character.
②fly fling small fling and large fling ∞ word: the difference is that the juggling in front of the body, the lower part of the waist fling, flinging the spoke is very small, every two beats to complete a ∞ word, a strong beat from the right to the left, a weak beat from the left to the right.
③ throw Za skirt: is the focus of the head of the action, because the front corner of the Za skirt have a small cloth ring set on the middle finger, throw the first hand to the opposite direction of the throw from the lower side of the pendulum over a little bit, and then from the bottom to the top, riding on the potential, with the strength, first outward and then upward to exclude out. Requirements flung to unfold the wind floating up, and then held high around the head.
(3) Steps
①Cloud Steps
a, Single Grinding Cloud Steps
b, Double Grinding Cloud Steps
②Shattering Steps
③Walking Steps
④Dance Methods
a, Goodsmen's Flashing Tantan Song
b, Peacock's Triple Nodding Points
c, Phoenix's Single Flashing Wing
d, Easy Dance Style
e, Moth Pouncing on Light
f, Phoenix Double Flash Wings
The above Moth Pouncing on Light and Phoenix Double Flash Wings are the requirements of Huangling Yangge Dance, and they must be done carefully so as to produce the artistic effect of moving like a cicada, dancing like a butterfly, floating on water, and appearing to float in the clouds.
3, expression requirements
Huangling rice-planting dance is mainly expressed in the Loess Plateau Huangling of the people's mood, customs and habits and clumsy in the clever, ugly in the beauty of the folk art features, the performance of its strong and strong man in addition to masculinity, but also a few points of the show of beauty, and the Huangling rice-planting dance of the female corner (head) is mainly to be shown in the long feudal society, women's feelings are not exposed, Shy, shy, delicate, quiet, elegant and childlike, simple and kind of the delicate beauty.
So the juggler should be funny, humorous, comical and constantly teasing the Baotou's expression, the Baotou should be both shy, not dare to face the juggler, but also dainty and delicate to peep and squint at the juggler. Both want to avoid the trickster but can not help but follow the trickster's contradictory psychological expression is the main.
4, the band composition
By medium-sized hundred people Yangge Dance should be two drums, two drums, cymbals eight payments, a large gong, two gongs, drums, four pieces of horse gongs, six pieces of dumplings, six payments, unified should be "F" key, according to the size of the pieces to 5, 1, 3, 5, i is appropriate, but also to be "F" key, suona six to eight.
5, the basic square performance
Huangling's rice-planting dance has been mentioned earlier, the north and south of the two different forms, on the village and the village is also similar, here can only be a variety of forms of complementary combination of strengths and weaknesses, in accordance with the following structural forms as an example of the introduction.
There are 16 small drums and gongs (8 gongs, 4 hairpins, 4 drums) in a rice-planting team, collectively referred to as the small drums. Drums and hairpin in the field outside the accompaniment of the unified referred to as big drums. 8 miscellaneous play, in order of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 groups, 48 packet head (female corner), the old man, the old lady, miscellaneous corner can be added or subtracted at will. *** more than 80 people, set a general leader. Male corner according to height, respectively, according to play miscellaneous, small gongs, small hairpin, small gongs, small drums in the order of single line, each male corner, including small percussion according to the female corner of the height of the single line of the team were led by the two side-by-side female corner, *** for the 8 groups, in turn, was arranged, was a flower inserted all the way to the formation. That is, a male lead two women were arranged in a triangle.
Entry: (first light after the rapid style) suona, snare drum with the Huangling folk song, playing groceries that flash tandem style, the female corner of the phoenix single flash wings and peacock three nodding head of the total lead all the way, slow steps twisted across the field, playing a round field to be rounded up by the audience, after the drums, accelerated, after a small collection of points, all the men's corner of the side to face the female corner of the broken backward, fly dumping a big dumping square round, leading the female corner of the positive turn, the female corner of the right hand held up the za skirt, low head, and the left hand held flat, low head. The female character raises her skirt with her right hand and holds it flat with her left hand, lowers her head, turns her back to the audience, and follows the male character with a broken step. (Note: the gongs and drums should be urgent, the steps should be tight, the wind should be raised, and the skirt of the female character's right hand should be fluttering in the wind like a colorful flag. When the circle is completed, the leader does not have a flying foot, turn back to the right side of the queue to hold up the fly in the air to throw a positive circle, command the first juggling, left turn to lead the team to the left to turn around again, and a flying foot to the right side of the queue to hold up the fly in the air to throw a positive circle, commanding the team to the left to enter the right turn). Immediately after the third whistle of the chief leader, all the flies will be flung in a big figure 8 shape, and the female corner will immediately dance and tie the skirt to become a moth to the lamp, and then turn around again for two or three times. (Note: the male corner of the fly flinging, swinging to which side, the female corner of the Za skirt will be pounced on where, each other opposite to take care of).
(1) The Dragon Plays with the Phoenix (warm style)
(2) The Lotus Flower Blossoms Together (light and then sharp style)
(3) The Four Jubilee Leaves in Peace (light style)
(4) The Lotus Lanterns of the Eight Treasures (warm style)
(5) Dragon and Phoenix Presenting Auspiciousness (warm style)
(6) Mandarin Ducks in the Spring (light and then sharp style)
(7) White Dragon Horse Splits the Lamp (warm style)
This is the most important of all. >(VII) White Dragon and Horse Separate Manes (Warm Style)
(VIII) Scorpion Upside-Down Tail (Warm Style)
(IX) Sun and Moon Shine Together (Light Style)
(X) Two Dragons Playing with Pearls (Warm Style)
(XI) Dangfeng Dynasty Sun Opens (Light Style)
(XII) Chinese New Year's Lantern Festival (Warm Style)
(XIII) Coiling Dragon Xing China (warm style)
Three, Huangling king whip basic essentials
"King whip", also known as the flower stick, because the clothing are tied in many places with a small bell, where the flower stick where the ring, the dance is also known as "all over the body ringing", so the props are said to be "flower stick". So the props are called "flower stick" and the program is called "ringing all over".
(a) As the flower stick itself to make a sound, it is necessary to use the hollow stamen material production, in the old days can only be made of bamboo poles, to 3 centimeters in diameter, length 80 centimeters shall prevail, the two ends of the vertical direction of the three small eyelets through the **** six. To be able to pass through the fine wire. Eye and eye and the distance between the end of the appropriate 2.5 centimeters or so, and then use fine twine in the cavity to wear the appropriate number of copper wire to make a small washer, required to dance sound, and then painted twice with light yellow paint, dry and then use a variety of colors of confetti every three to five centimeters, with glue wrapped around the flower stick. And then tied at both ends of the twine or wool for the colorful tassel. The length is about 20 centimeters. The flower stick is ready.
(2) Costume or Makeup
Because of the ancient tradition, and because of its action is similar to the martial arts, so the people of the Huangling people playing the flower stick generally imitate the costume and make-up of the theater warrior, and the women imitate the costume and make-up of the martial arts warrior. The men's heads are wrapped in large square scarves. Both upper and lower bodies are wearing tight clothes and colorful clothes with tight sleeves and belts. The women's costumes are basically the same as the men's, but the difference is that the colors should be warm. Shoulder thatched shoulders, waist tie embroidered skirt. Both men and women on the shoulder, cuffs, shoes are tied with a small bell, in order to be all over the body are ringing.
(3) band
Old times the body ringing is usually the actors themselves singing folk songs and playing flower stick, singing and dancing form, modern people if the performance of the body ringing can have a band. In the square performance is appropriate to folk music suona, sheng main. Depending on the number of suona number, only a very small number of small drums, small hairpin, small gongs and other small percussion light beat rhythm. And there should be accompanied singers outside the venue. In the stage performance, should be mainly strings, touch bells and so on to beat the rhythm, there are also accompanied by singing. Songs should be selected melodious and smooth, strong rhythm of the folk songs.
(D) the basic movements
Humming ring and other dances are the same, the basic movements of the choreographer's creative design is likely to be varied, and here only introduces a few of the most basic movements passed down in the folk of Huangling.
(1) Marching
(2) Jumping
(3) Singles
(4) Sparring
If you understand the above four basic ways of playing, it is easy to know that the performance of the Hunjun Rang is not a fixed pattern, and it is possible to create a thousand different movements after the design of the specific choreographer.
(E) the performance of the body ringing
The performance of the body ringing the number of people can be more or less, in order to facilitate the introduction of the following 6 men and 6 women **** 12 people as an example, and according to the size of the individual, with ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ ⑩ (11) (12) as the code name of the line into a single line of the team, the actor in the back of the field is in the state of readiness. Single number for men, double number for women. And set up a conductor in the field outside the signal.
(1) square performance of the orchestra and background singers in the field, here called the back of the field, when the orchestra played the song of the prelude to the actors in the back of the field in a state of readiness. When the first beat is sounded, the leader of the ① leads the players in a single line in a marching fashion in the right direction (counterclockwise) around the field for one to two weeks.
(2) when the distance between each other more than three meters, and the formation of no breaks no gap in the figure, the conductor sends a signal (suona, etc.) four beats at the same time as the whole field into jumping, three or two circles after the conductor sends the number of four beats at the same time as the restoration of marching style, and the double number inward to the out to the inside of the double outside of a single two circles.
(3) the conductor issued the number of four beats, the single immediately repeated the reverse rotation, then the outer circle reversed the inner circle of positive rotation, issued the number of four beats at the same time after the singles action, then the outer circle of the single side of the face with both hands raised the flower stick for the lifting action, the inner circle of the double in accordance with the speed and tempo of the encounter which one to play which one's flower stick in the middle of a slight turn and a close, the issue of the number of four beats to return to marching, the single in the outer circle to continue to reverse. At this time to be ① and ②, ③ and ④, ⑤ and ⑥, ⑦ and ⑧, ⑨ and ⑩, (11) and (12) face-to-face alignment, and should be before and after the first and last into the circle, there shall be no breaks in the strip, there shall be no gap, the interval distance is maintained at about 3.5 meters. In situ marching style.
(4) Four beats after the call. The whole field first played jumping first four beats, and single and double number was face to face, from the beat start inside and outside at the same time start from the right of the players this through the completion of the eight beats immediately after turning around again in place to play the first four beats and from the fifth beat start from the right of the players facing through the completion of the eight beats immediately after the turn around again face to face. This is repeated several times, and when the double number enters the inner circle, the number is issued for four beats and then resumes the marching pattern. The outer circle is still reversed, the inner circle is forward, and keep alternating alignments with each other.
(5) After four beats, the whole court begins to fight in the sparring style, turning and fighting at the same time. Outside circle side face in, inside circle side face out, meet whoever and whomever to fight, after several times, send the horn to resume marching style to retire.
Four, Huangling running bamboo horse tutorial
Running bamboo horse is a folk dance unique to Huangling County, the performance of its gongs and drums, suona, whistles to help, the scene is warm and spectacular, the momentum of the majestic grandeur. Only in the mid-fifties appeared, participated in the people if alive, has been more than ninety. The people who know about the bamboo horse running are relatively few, and now can only be collated according to the memories of Mr. Su Xiaoxian and Mr. Wu Baishun, which are introduced as follows:
(I) Props, costume, make-up and orchestra
The main props are the bamboo horses, the production of which imitates the shape of a horse pseudo-fascia with a bamboo frieze to tie the upper part of the horse into a frame, and then use multiple layers of hemp paper to make it into a horse's shape, and then apply it with a coating on each of them to make it into the number of horses that the specific program requires. According to the number of specific programs required, respectively, painted red, white, black colors, tied on the mane, ears, eyes, etc., will be coated with pigment to do the horse's tail, the back of the big hole should be left, before the show from the top of the head or feet through the waist, hanging to the waist, and then to the horse's neck hung on the string of bells, to the top of the horse's head to tie the red tassels, the requirements of the non-working exquisite realism. Other costumes, make-up and costumes are similar to those of classical theater. Musical instruments are mainly drums, hairpins and gongs.
(2) Characters
Running Bamboo Horse is a performance of a legendary ancient war scene, the following three battles of Lu Bu as an example of introduction:
(1) Ma-medium generals and warhorses are called Ma-medium, generals are Liu Bei, Guan Gong, Zhang Fei, Lu Bu, wearing helmets, robes, back flags, according to the theater face make-up, helmets with plumes made of pheasant feathers, hand-held sword or long to, riding different colors. or long yu, and riding fake war horses of different colors. The following are called Liu Ma-suke, Guan Ma-suke, Zhang Ma-suke, and Lu Ma-suke.
(2) The flag bearer is also known as the horse license. Each horse mediator needs to be equipped with a flag bearer. Four people of the same period, samurai dress and make-up. Hand holding a large flag about one meter square, four sides are decorated with patterns, three sides have flaming teeth shape, both sides of the center have the family name of the generals to whom they belong. Other costumes and make-up and costume theater similar to the line in front of the mazuke.
(3) horse boy, each horse mediator also need to set a horse boy, then *** four horse boy, theater costume martial arts child dress, with pawn or soldier word of the horse clip, the whip belongs to the horse drive horse waving the role of the horse. Most of the generals in the subordinate general Mashuai followed.
(4) Fixed stake, clown martial arts dress, martial arts, is the most active role, but also the performance of the commander-in-chief. He is also the commander-in-chief of the show.
The above only three battles Lu Bu as an example so only Liu, Wu, Zhang, four groups of people, if the performance of other battles, the characters may be a lot. However, each horse is only equipped with two deputies before and after.
The above roles are only simple for Ma-suke's movements, and the performance only requires running and jumping to show
the movement of the horse at a gallop. Other roles are different, there should be a certain amount of martial arts, the starting horse should be turned over a powerful bucket (small turn over) to play the wheel (hereinafter referred to as playing the wheel) to plant the Valley pile. Hereinafter referred to as take the top.
(3) Square performance
In order to facilitate the introduction and understanding, the following will be the actors out of the field in the field is called the back of the field, the middle of the square is called the center of the field, the back of the field opposite the audience close to the place is called the front of the field.
(1) Entrance
(2) White Horse Splitting Mane
(3) Two Horses Splitting Mane
(4) Four Horses Splitting Mane
(5) Exit