1, busy farming factor
In ancient agricultural society, farmers needed to do important work such as sowing, watering and harvesting in the summer busy season to ensure a bumper harvest. Therefore, during the busy farming season, students will go home during the holidays to help their families finish their agricultural work. This holiday usually lasts about a month.
2. Adjustment of teaching methods
The teaching methods in ancient schools are very different from those in modern times, and a form called "private school" is usually adopted. Private schools are usually taught by teachers to a small group of students in their own homes or designated places. Teaching resources are limited, and teachers also need to rest and adjust their work in a specific period. Summer vacation gives them a chance to relax, enrich their knowledge and prepare for the next school year.
The healthy development of students' body and mind
Summer is a busy farming season, and students need to go home to help their families finish their agricultural work. Although this arrangement helps to reduce the family burden, it may also affect the children's academic and physical and mental development. Therefore, ancient schools arranged holidays for students in summer, so that they could get enough rest and relaxation, so as to better face their study and life.
On the whole, the holiday arrangement of ancient schools not only meets the overall needs of society, but also provides necessary rest and development space for students and teachers.
Extended data
From the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the government established a formal school, namely "imperial academy" recorded in historical books. Imperial academy is equivalent to a national university, and students are called "Imperial Students". Too many students will have holidays. However, it was not until the Sui and Tang Dynasties that the student holiday system of Guo Zi School (imperial academy and imperial academy) was formally established. According to records, it is divided into three categories:
1, ten days off
Taking ten days as a sentence, students have a day off after the ten-day exam. Students who are close to home can hurry home and have a look; For students from other places, there is simply not enough travel time to go home, so imperial academy simply stipulates that students from other places are not allowed to go home after ten days of exams.
Step 2 take a field vacation
That is what we now commonly call "busy farming leave". There is a clear record in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty: "There is a holiday in May every year." That is, every year in May of the lunar calendar, students can have a holiday. In early summer, when the vegetation is lush and the wheat is ripe, the students go home to cut the wheat and harvest it, so it is called "field holiday". If students are far away from home and have to travel for a long time, they can also extend their holidays in shenqing.
Step 3 leave clothes behind
This is because of the cold weather, and it is necessary to add clothes, which is equivalent to October in the solar calendar. There is a record of "clothes left in September" in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty. Zhang Ji, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said in the poem "Mid-Autumn Festival and Zuo Siyuan Lang" nine out of ten: "I got a fake dress at first, and no official rang the doorbell." "Clothing leave" is roughly equivalent to winter vacation, and the holiday is also one month, allowing students to go home to visit relatives.