Crying marriage, also known as "crying marriage", is the Han Chinese and some ethnic minorities are circulating customs. There is no way to tell when this custom began. The local people believe that women get married "do not cry, the more you cry, the more hair", "new people do not cry, the mother's family is not blessed", which is why the original reason to cry. The Hakka people generally believe that "crying for marriage" is a symbol of good luck, not crying is not decent, not crying is not lively, not crying is not good, not crying business will not be prosperous. Therefore, in the Hakka region, especially in rural areas inherited the custom of crying marriage.
Speaking of crying marriage, there is a beautiful story. Legend has it that the feudal society has a rural Hakka girl, smart and capable from a young age, lively and lovely, natural beauty, the year just sixteen, will fall like a flower like jade. In the labor, and the village of a young farmer y in love. They are immersed in the beauty of sweet love, the girl was a neighboring village of more than 60 years of age, the rich man, sent bride price to force the girl as a wife. Her parents were forced to agree to this by the wealthy man's lewdness. On the day of the wedding, the rich man sent a huge welcoming team, before the book "green bamboo sweeps away the blue bridge road, the red flag attracted jade people to come" colorful flags; in the sedan chair and the gift of hiring; after the drums and suona, blowing and beating, and very lively. At this time, the girl's room came from the heartbreaking cries: "Mma took me as her heart, sixteen years will be my oil end. Today pushed me into the fire pit, ask mom heart how peace?" Mother listened to the broken hearted, sighing and crying: "Do not blame mom love broken, parents and your heart in general, ten miles of the street hanging intestines, connected to the heart and lungs pulling pain liver." After some sad and angry crying, the rich man forced the girl on the sedan chair. In the sedan chair, the girl saw her former lover standing by the side of the road, staring in dismay, and even more grief, couldn't help but cry loudly: "A pair of geese and geese penguin by the river, the sound of love to fly freely. When they met the evil man, they shot a gun, and one came from the east and the other from the west. Brother Love, don't blame me today, I will be married to you in the next life. Today, we are going to the Yellow Springs Road, in front of the Yama Temple to evaluate the reasoning, complaining that the rich man's heart is black, relying on money to dominate people's wives, the king of Yama sends a messenger to go, and beat him down to the hell to peel off his skin! The girl cried, jumped out of the sedan chair, threw himself into the river.
In the long feudal society, due to the feudal rituals of human bondage, the woman in the family of low status, marriage can not be independent, so in the Hakka language before the marriage will be characterized by the combination of low-pitched harmonic rhythms and the art of singing, complaining about the irrational system of marriage, the expression of the pursuit of freedom of marriage will be. Because of these poignant lyrics, sincere feelings, and moving crying marriage, and therefore widely spread in the Hakka region, becoming a Hakka marriage customs in a strange flower.
The psychology of a married woman is complex and rich. Because soon to be a wife, do not know how the husband's family, in-laws, etc., worried about the difficult situation in the future, can no longer enjoy the mother's love, worried, naturally, also want to cry sadly. On the day of the wedding, when the joyful, trembling sedan chair came to welcome the bride, the bride could be heard crying in the boudoir: "Sister in the mother's home is a golden chicken, married to the husband's family do not dare to cry. The cow will suffer if her nose is pierced, and the painted eyebrow will fall in the cage." "The woman who marries out, splashes out water." There is a strong sense of parting and never coming back. Plus, "If you marry a chicken, follow the chicken. If you marry a dog, follow the dog." Once you go, whether you go to heaven or hell, there's no turning back! How can we not cry? Some from the bath to the village, and even all the way to cry; some cry on three days and three nights; some in the line before the marriage of ten days to start crying; some cried and refused to get on the sedan chair ...... cry mournful and complaining, is really touching the sky and the earth.
The married woman is not only worried about the fate of the marriage, it is more difficult to give up the dependence on affection. You listen to her in front of her parents cried: "Kissing the father kissing the mother, kissing the daughter to get married. Used to eating tea and rice I can not forget, rest used to the bed I can not give up. Both parents are old and sick, my daughter will always be concerned. Dad's rheumatism is less likely to go into the water, and mom's toothache is less likely to eat spicy food." She cried among her siblings, "Kissing the brother, kissing the sister, kissing the siblings to listen, parents to take care of their illnesses, go out and remember to come home early, today my sister will be married, inside and outside the affairs of you have to be all wrapped up." Crying woman to cry in the way of marriage to pour out the love of the father, mother, brother and sister love, neighbor love. Whether it is to appreciate the parental upbringing, or to express the love of brother and sister, sentence by sentence, tearful.
Crying for marriage is the singing of mountain songs or rounds of songs by married women with tears in their eyes. When you cry for marriage, there is usually someone to cry with, first the mother, followed by sisters, and then the girlfriend. Most of the mother's words are about teaching her daughter how to be a good human being, educating her to be filial to her parents-in-law, and also giving her good wishes. Accompanying the weeping people are crying while sending red envelopes to the married woman: "a lace (i.e., silver dollars) Ding Ding round, to the heart and liver to buy the manor, buy a piece of running water in front of the door section, the back of the house to buy a backyard". Elders hold or help the woman on the sedan chair when crying: "rice sieve flower, rice sieve flower, you married into a good family, until next year, the birth of a son, the mother sister-in-law to your home."
The cry of marriage also reveals the talent of Hakka girls. The Hakka girls who are rich in mountain songs are able to express their feelings and cry out songs. They are in different cry objects, crying out different content, hand to hand, the export of logic, one by one, the voice of the tears, the breathtaking, strong and weak changes in the system, the staccato decent, tenderness hundred knot, unique flavor. They cried with a tone, board and eyes, sound and tears, beautiful and beautiful, is a bride and loved ones to say goodbye to the feelings of the "chorus". That also happy and sad state of mind, the song like tears of confession, so that the Hakka wedding customs to achieve the realm of art.
This custom, until the end of the Qing Dynasty, was still prevalent in the rural areas of Sichuan, with regional changes and similar. Before the liberation, I heard the old people say, earlier, there is no marriage without crying family. If there is a marriage without crying the girl, will also be seen by neighbors as uneducated people, passed on as a laughingstock; rumor has it that there is a married girl did not cry and was beaten by her mother
Crying marriage in western Sichuan is called " sitting hall ". In the Qing Dynasty, Ji Daoren's "Cane Xuan Suibi. The words "Sitting in the Hall" say: "The rite of marriage,
various provinces have different customs. However, the discretionary gift quasi love, the provinces are also similar. Where a man's family marries a woman, the first poem is called 'reminding
make-up'; the woman's family is called 'sitting in the hall'. When a woman is approaching her wedding day, several nights before, her
aunts and sisters, who have been preserving the woman's ancestors with wine, will say auspicious and detailed words to celebrate her, and the woman will answer them with her own thoughts. The female left and right
More young girls, then follow and skillful people. The words to be more vulgar, but there is a rhyme, style, such as the ancient song
ancient ballads. Luo Jiang Mingfu Cai, micro-uniform inspection of the countryside, one day line to a place, the value of a woman to return, the Di Si Xian to
flattering words of praise for the female, the female Shenyi to answer. Suddenly, the wind blew a sentence into the ear, the words said: 'Phoenix fell on the table, which daughter is willing to
leave the mother'. A word a turn, the sound poignant its, who said that the music of heaven, not in the stupid husband and wife yeah!" Yun Yun. The first is that the first is a "good" one, and the second is a "good" one, and the third is a "good" one. The first thing that I remember is that I only remembered one line of the wedding cry, so it's hard to get a full picture of the whole
Panther. The good thing is that in the old days, there was a series of carvings in the workshop
there is a kind of Training Women to Cry for Marriage, which can be seen in general. The catalog of this small book has "the voice of the girl crying", "
mother training daughter", "sister-in-law crying sister", "crying parents", "crying brother and sister-in-law", "sedan chair to the house crying", "crying uncle
", "crying brother", "crying grandparents", "crying uncle", "worship incense crying", etc., the arrangement of the order is a little
messy, seems to be written down by the hands of the people who have not been literary hands. When I think about the time when the poem "Poetry" was not deleted, I think it was not
this way! The following are a few excerpts.
The voice of the daughter crying
Mother heard the birds and birds in the back garden, and wanted to hear the voice of the daughter in the room.
My mother climbed the bitter kudzu vine at the door, and her hand climbed the bitter kudzu to tell her bitter feelings.
My mother has suffered a lot, but my daughter's suffering has taken root.
......
The orange blossoms and leaves are green, and the bird opens its voice.
Newly beaten copper basin before filling water, newly beaten scissors green on both sides.
When my mother doesn't speak, I will speak.
There is a tree in front of the door, a wooden lotus tree, on which hangs a scroll of scripture.
A book of scriptures was memorized, but my mother did not speak.
Thanks to my mother's steady sleep, my parents' tears are as precious as gold.
Crying for my parents
The moon shines brightly in the hall of China, and my daughter calls out to my parents.
Parents have no hope of ever seeing their children again, it's like a dream.
One foot and five inches to raise the child, move dry and wet very bitter.
......
Laboring on this is not a good idea, but it's a good idea for your parents to have a good time.
Crying Brothers
The black lacquer tea tray is made of ebony, and my sister left my mother and my brother did not stay.
They will stay until my sister has eaten your food, and until my sister has worn your clothes.
Brothers are busy earning a living and marrying their sister to buy a place.
Buy all the Tongchuanfu at the top, and all the Suining Township at the bottom.
......
The lyrics recorded in this book are from northern Sichuan, whereas those I have seen before are from southern Sichuan, and those recorded by Jidao Ren are from western Sichuan,
eastern Sichuan, which are not very different. Regrettably, the book recorded crying marriage words, although there is " only blame the matchmaker Mo conscience "
and other words, but did not list" scolding the matchmaker special items, about the matchmaker is afraid of too embarrassing it!
In fact, scolding the matchmaker is an essential program in the crying marriage, but also the most defiant color of the crying marriage lyrics. The old society
will, women have no freedom of marriage to speak of, due to the "three from the four virtues" of the bondage, usually for their own lifelong affairs
almost can not put a word, all by the matchmaker and the parents at the mercy of the; therefore, this sedan chair before the "scolding the matchmaker", is
a rare opportunity to vent. This has long been reflected in the art of opera and folk rap.
Previously, the Sichuan opera "Liuyinji" has "Yingtai scolded the matchmaker", Yingtai scolded the matchmaker, the words are fierce, sound and color
all severe, fully expresses Zhu Yingtai's fierce character and anti-feudal spirit. She scolded: " mention the matchmaker, more hate her,
Nonsense mouth chatter ...... only wish you, houses were cremated, the field of water pushed sand." But this scene is now deleted
Dropped in the 1950s and 1960s, there are still, the first national opera will be performed in the Sichuan opera "Liuyinji" also have this fold,
is Chen Shufang acted Zhu Yingtai, won the first prize. Nowadays, people in the city about assume that matchmakers don't have to be scolded, but in remote
areas, matchmakers still seem to run amok. However, it is said that the matchmaker is never afraid of you scolding, but afraid of you do not scold; you
not scold, his " mold (matchmaking) gas" on the contrary can not get rid of. This is also a kind of humor in the customs and folklore!
With the change of the times, nowadays the marriage between men and women has been independent, the status of women has greatly improved, the content of the Hakka women's cry for marriage has also changed a lot. Containing a healthy cultural connotation of crying marriage wedding customs are still in the vast Hakka region along, but crying words have been infiltrated into more progressive content, most of them into the gratitude and encouragement of loved ones, as well as the blessing of loved ones, the desire for a better life, the old custom of crying marriage, endowed with the new content of the times.