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Liu Bei: Chen Shou said of Liu Bei: "Hongyi is generous, knows people and treats soldiers, covers the style of Gaozu, the hero's weapon. And its lifting the country entrusted to Zhuge Liang, and the heart and soul of no two, sincere gentleman and minister of the most fair, the ancient and modern track is also. Mechanical power dry strategy, not caught Wei Wu, is to base Yu also narrow." But he "folded, not to be under". In the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", the author depicts Liu Bei as the representative of "benevolence", the successor of the Han imperial power, so Liu Bei's benevolence, generosity, and the character traits of knowing people well, and exaggerated, but in highlighting its "benevolence", but fell into the "incompetence" side. However, while emphasizing his "benevolence", he falls into the side of "incompetence", giving people the feeling of "incompetence" and "hypocrisy". Liu Bei in the TV series often washes his face with tears, although crying and tears show Liu Bei's "benevolence", but also give people the impression that Liu Bei's world is crying out, distorting the real image of Liu Bei as a "lord" and "man of honor". The real image of Liu Bei as a "lord" and "man of honor" is distorted.
Guan Yu: the history of Guan Yu for the "10,000 enemies" a tiger general, do not insult the next, clear distinction between grudges, known for their faith and righteousness, but "just and self-preservation", more than the courage, less than the wisdom and strategy. After Ma Chao surrendered to Liu Bei, he was named General Pingxi. When Guan Yu Governor Jingzhou, repair the book and Zhuge Liang, "asked super talent can be who compared to the class", Zhuge Liang replied to the letter, said Ma Chao, although the world's best, but not as good as Guan Yu's "outstanding Yiqun", Guan Yu "province book was pleased to show the guests! "This is a typical example of a man with little courage and skill. This is a typical character of a general who has less courage than he does.
Cao Cao: Historically, Cao Cao has been in the imperial army for more than 30 years, but he is a master of poetry, cursive writing and chess. He lived a frugal life and was not good at wearing fancy clothes. He was a good talker and laughed with others. "Honorable reward, do not begrudge thousands of gold; no merit expect to give, no points with". He was a first-rate statesman, militarist and literary scholar in Chinese history. However, in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, these good aspects of Cao Cao's character and virtues are ignored, while his cruel and treacherous side is exaggerated. Therefore, Luo Guanzhong's Cao Cao is a typical antagonist who is treacherous, cruel, capricious and suspicious.
1. Don Quixote's battle with the windmills:
The first thing he meets is that there are thirty or forty windmills in the countryside. These were used by Spanish farmers to turn stone mills and grind wheat and fodder with the power of the wind. Don Quixote, however, sees it as thirty or forty giants, and sees the windmill's wings as the giants' arms going forward to fight. Though Sancho shouted that it was a windmill and to hold him back, Don Quixote's mind was so full of demons and monsters and the like that he didn't even pay attention. He lunged at the first windmill and drove his lance into its wings. A gust of wind arose at that moment, and the windmill broke his lance into several pieces, and Don Quixote was thrown out with his horse. It was only thanks to Sancho who came up to assist him that he managed to get up from the ground. That day, they spent an unlucky night in the forest.
2. Don Quixote's Battle with the Sheep
Two flocks of sheep arrived on the main road. Don Quixote took the cries of the rams and the ewes as "the neighing of the horses, the sound of the horns, and the thumping of the drums," and saw the sheep as the two armies that appeared before him, right and left. He then gripped his lance and rushed up like a bolt of lightning, raising his lance to stab indiscriminately. In this way, he killed and wounded many sheep. In the end, he was also stoned by the shepherds and knocked out three or four teeth. When this happened, Sanqiu was pulling his own beard, cursing his bad luck to follow such a crazy master. When the shepherds had gone, he went up, helped Don Quixote to his feet, and complained that his master should not have invited his own troubles. Don Quixote explained to him that he had been tricked by the magician. The magician, being jealous of his victory, had turned two hostile armies into two flocks of sheep. At night, Don Quixote breaks up another funeral procession because he sees the dead men in the carts as slain knights.
Don Quixote's second outing as a ranger came fifteen days later. He persuaded a short, fat, bearded peasant, Sancho Panza, to become a servant. Don Quixote allowed him to be made governor of the island in the future. Sancho's family was very poor and he wanted to go out and try his luck, and since he was earning money as a servant, he agreed. So Sancho rode a family mule behind Don Quixote's thin horse and set off together.
Zhang Fei's:
Righteous release of Yan Yan.
In 213, Zhang Fei, Zhuge Liang and Zhao Yun led Jingzhou soldiers into Shu to reinforce them. When they arrived at Jiangzhou, they met Liu Zhang's general Yan Yan, who was captured alive by Zhang Fei. Yan Yan Yan's bravery in refusing to surrender touched Zhang Fei, who took him as his guest. The army continued to divide the counties and then advanced to Chengdu, where they met Liu Bei. Liu Bei became the lord of Shu and gave Zhang Fei 500 pounds of gold, 1,000 pounds of silver, 50 million dollars, and 1,000 pieces of brocade.
Calculated victory over Zhang He.
In 218, after Cao Cao defeated Zhang Lu, Zhang He, a famous general of the Cao camp, led his army into the northeastern part of Yizhou, which was part of Yizhou but had always been Zhang Lu's territory. Liu Bei then appointed Zhang Fei as the governor of Brazil and sent troops to fight for it, and the two armies held each other for more than 50 days. Later, Zhang Fei, with an elite army of more than ten thousand men, invited Zhang He's army to engage in battle, but due to the narrow mountain pass, the front and back of the army could not save each other, and Zhang He was greatly defeated, abandoning his horse and a dozen of his men climbed the mountain and retreated back to Nanzheng. This battle not only increased the territory of Liu Bei's side, but also saved the gateway to Shu and turned Yizhou into a safe place. Zhang Fei then participated in the attack on Hanzhong, and in 219, Liu Bei took possession of Hanzhong, claimed the title of King of Hanzhong, and appointed Zhang Fei as the Right General, with a false title. Soon after, Guan Yu was killed by Sun Quan.
Dangyang Bridge
Historical records are not stingy with words about Zhang Fei's bravery, often praised as "the general of bear and tiger", "the enemy of ten thousand people", and "the world's tiger minister". In fact, the world has often overlooked Zhang's greatness. In fact, the world often ignored the other side of Zhang Fei character, Zhang Fei in addition to the courage, but also a person who pay attention to strategy, as the saying goes, bold and careful. Take the Chang Ban Bridge to retreat from the enemy, when his hand of cards only twenty riders, the face of millions of enemy troops, if you don't use strategy, the voice again, shouting the sky does not matter. He knew how to arrange the more than twenty cavalry, horse tail tied branches, running around in the woods, a "bridge east of the woods, after the dust," causing Cao's troops are strangled horse, do not dare to approach. Obviously, this plan worked. But intriguing is that the Cao army generals do not credit this Zhang Fei head, but "and fear is Zhuge Kongming's plan". Visible, in people's minds, a frown, plan on the heart, that is Zhuge Liang's patent. In fact, Zhang Fei's eyebrows, also greatly wrinkled a few times. "Zhang Yide righteous release Yan Yan" this time, Zhang Fei know how to use the spread of false news and with the double of the scheme, a cunning Yan Yan got dizzy, and finally captured him alive, and set down into the Sichuan the first merit. The next seventieth "fierce Zhang Fei wisdom to take the Wakou pass", he even knew how to use alcohol to play drunk to confuse the enemy, but also engaged in a series of will be trick, the so-called wisdom and courage of Zhang He got a defeat. But Zhuge Liang was very optimistic about him, praised him "General Zhang can use strategy".
This is Zhuge Liang's
Three Visits to a Cottage
Xu Shu warmly recommended Zhuge Liang (also known as Zhuge Kongming) to Liu Bei, who was so pleased that he decided to go and visit him. At that time, Zhuge Liang was living in seclusion in Longzhong outside Xiangyang. Liu Bei went to Longzhong with Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, but unfortunately Zhuge Liang went out and didn't see him. A few days later, Liu Bei went to visit him again in the snow and wind, but Zhuge Liang was traveling with his friends again. Liu Bei was a little disappointed when he couldn't see Kong Ming twice, but in order to accomplish his mission, he was so eager for talent that he arranged a third visit despite Zhang Fei's and Guan Yu's complaints. This time Zhu Geliang did not go out, but still in the grassy hall on the nap did not wake up, Liu Bei will be modestly arching hands standing on the stone steps to wait, until Kong Ming sleep wake up, only to be able to meet. Touched by Liu Bei's sincerity, Zhuge Liang agreed to come out to assist Liu Bei, and eventually made a career out of it.
The phrase "three visits to a cottage" was later used as a metaphor for inviting someone to a cottage in good faith, and sometimes it was also used to refer to visiting someone several times before meeting them.
Like a fish in water
Liu Bei three visits to thatched cottage, invited Zhu Geliang (Kong Ming) out of the mountain, "food is the same table, bed is the same couch", all day **** on the world's major events, Kong Ming as a teacher, guan yu, zhang fei see in the eye, very unhappy, they said to Liu Bei: "Kong Ming is young, what talent Big Brother you are treating him really good too much, and did not see him to show what ability! He has not shown any ability." Liu Bei persuaded them by saying: "I am as happy as a fish in water with Kong Ming, you two younger brothers need not say more. The expression "like a fish catching water" is used to describe a person who is compatible with oneself or an environment suitable for one's career development. For example, Prof. Li hired Zhang Ming as his assistant, and he was like a fish out of water. The progress of his research project was accelerated, and he broke through one difficult barrier after another.
Fledgling
New official three fires Zhu Geliang with Liu Bei to Xin Ye soon after Cao Cao sent Xiahou Dun led 100,000 troops, arrived in the city of Bowang, approaching Xin Ye. Liu Bei called on Guan Zhang to meet the enemy, Zhang Fei was originally very unconvinced by Liu Bei's statement "Kong Ming is like a fish out of water", so he gambled and said: "Why don't you send 'water' to meet the enemy" Liu Bei said: "Wisdom and tactics rely on Kong Ming, and bravery and strength are required by the second younger brother, so how can you pass the buck" Liu Bei asked Kong Ming to command the battle, and Kong Ming was afraid that Guan Zhang and the others wouldn't follow the orders, so he asked for Liu Bei's sword and seal, to show that he is in control of the military, and that anyone who disobeyed the orders will be chopped off. . Kong Ming sent his troops and generals to attack Cao's troops at Bowang Slope and defeated Xiahou Dun. This beautiful victory made Guan Zhang begin to admire Zhuge Liang, and from then on, he sincerely obeyed his orders. In the thirty-ninth book of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, there is a poem praising Zhuge Liang: "The fire attack is held by Bo Wang, and the command is just like what you want to talk about in a smile. The first time he came out of his hut, he made the first achievement." The idiom of "first out of his hut" originally said that Zhu Geliang won a battle when he first took charge of the army, but later it was used to describe a person who had just entered the society and lacked of practical experience. For example: Don't look at him "novice", but have a momentum, and willing to learn, and soon familiar with the business, made the achievement.
Sun Quan, in order to control Liu Bei, accepted Zhou Yu's "beauty plan", pretending to betroth his sister to Liu Bei, who had just lost his wife, and tricked Liu Bei into going to Nanxu to recruit a bride, and then planned to put him under house arrest as a hostage, and then send someone to take back Jingzhou. Liu Bei received Sun Quan's emissary and was skeptical, but Zhuge Liang told him to go with confidence and boldness, saying with confidence that he would "use a little strategy to make Zhou Yu half of the plan; the sister of the Marquis of Wu, belonging to the Lord; Jingzhou is foolproof." And asked Zhao Zilong to escort Liu Bei. On the way, Zhuge Liang called Zhao Zi Long to him, gave him three pouches, and whispered to him: "You should receive these three pouches for protecting the Lord in Wu, there are three good plans in the pouches, which you can implement according to the order." Zhao Zi Long followed the plan, forcing Sun Quan to marry his sister, and later escorted Liu Bei and Madam Sun safely out of Wu, escaping from the tiger's mouth. The idiom of "The Good Plan of the Brocade Bag" is now used as a metaphor to describe a good plan to solve an urgent problem in a timely manner.
Yu Liang
Zhou Yu always wanted to put Liu Bei and Zhu Geliang to death, but his plans were destroyed by Zhu Geliang one by one, "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" describes the story of "Kong Ming's three gas Zhou Gong Jin", Zhou Yu's narrow-mindedness, his body was originally with an arrow sore is still healed, angry, and finally died, he was dying, looked up to the sky and sighed long, "both Yu, why is Liang! He sighed to the sky on his deathbed: "If you are born with Yu, why are you born with Liang? He sighed to the sky on his deathbed, "If Zhou Yu was born, why should Zhuge Liang be born?". From this story, the idiom of "A Moment of Yog and Liang" is derived, which refers to the existence of two people with equal talents and abilities who are in confrontation with each other at the same time.
Seven Captures and Seven Indulgences
After Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang assisted Liu Zen to take the throne, and the state of Shu prospered. At that time in the south of the region (now south of the Dadu River in Sichuan and Yunnan, Guizhou) a few counties but rebellious rebellion, Zhuge Liang personally led the army, to go to the crusade, the battle was won, and finally left the head of the south of Meng Yu still continue to resist. Zhuge Liang realized that Meng Huo not only fought bravely, but also had a very good reputation among the tribes, so he decided to attack his heart to win Meng Huo over. Zhuge Liang utilized his stratagems well and captured Meng Yu alive in the first encounter. He lobbied Meng to surrender, but Meng was not convinced, so Kong Ming did not force him and released him to fight again. In this way, Meng Yu was caught and released seven times. At the seventh time, Meng Yu was finally convinced and stopped rebelling. Zhuge Liang ordered Meng Yu and the tribal leaders to continue to manage the original area, not to send officials, not to leave troops, so that the Han people and the various ethnic groups in the long term peace and quiet, stabilized the rear of the state of Shu, for the Northern Expedition to create the conditions of "no worries". "Capture" means to catch, "Zong" means to release. "Seven captures and seven indulgences" is a metaphor for being sure of defeating an opponent and controlling him strategically.
Tempered and clear-minded
Liu Bei visited Zhuge Liang for the second time, entered the door of the hut, to the center door, only to see the door written to see a pair of couplets: "Tempered and clear-minded, quiet and far-reaching. Meaning is to show their own interest in simplicity, with a calm state of mind to stay away from fame and fortune. This couplet shows one aspect of Zhuge Liang's character cultivation. Zhuge Liang's "The Book of Precepts" uses a double negative expression: "Not to be indifferent is not to be bright, not to be tranquil is not to be far-sighted." The meaning is the same. Zhuge Liang and Wudang Mountain Zhuge Liang, a native of the Three Kingdoms, was born in Yangdu County, Luangshi Kingdom (present-day Yinan County, Shandong Province). At the age of fourteen, the three siblings accompanied their uncle Zhuge Xuan to the county of Yuzhang (present-day Nanchang, Jiangxi Province), and soon afterward accompanied their uncle to Xiangyang to join Liu Biao. After the death of their uncle, Zhuge Liang's three siblings settled down in a place called Longzhong, more than 20 miles west of Xiangyang. Zhuge Liang is gifted, living in Wolonggang, Longzhong, plowing, study the hundred schools of thought, showing a high degree of knowledge and talent. According to "Zhu Geliang Collection", Zhu Geliang had made friends with many famous scholars in Jingzhou at that time, and humbly asked for advice, so his knowledge became more and more extensive. At that time, the famous ancient scripture scholar Sima Hui, known as Mr. Shui Jing. He taught Taoism in Xiangyang and had many disciples. According to the record of "Immortal Guan", Sima Hui saw that Zhu Geliang had the ability to learn from the world, so he said to him: "With your talent, you should visit famous teachers again to enrich your learning. Ru Nan Ling Shan Calyx Gong Jiu is well versed in politics and military strategies, I often ask him for advice, his knowledge we can never learn enough, you can ask him with an open mind." Zhu Geliang was very happy, so he followed Sima Hui to worship Calyx Jiu as his teacher. Zhuge Liang stayed at Calyx Jiu's place for a year, but Calyx Jiu did not teach him anything, but Zhuge Liang still served his teacher respectfully until Calyx Jiu decided that Zhuge Liang was indeed a student of both character and learning, and finally taught him the "Secret Seal Scripts of the Three Talents," "The Art of War Formation," and "Lonely Void Sang Wang," all of which he had learned. These books include Taoism, Astronomy, Meteorology, and Art of War, most of which Zhuge Liang had never dealt with before, which benefited him a lot. A few months later, calyx jiu see he has been able to understand the teachings of the subtle, recommended to him, said: "the south county has a wudang mountain, this mountain has seventy-two peaks, thirty-two rocks, twenty-four streams, the scenery is strange, the mountain tianzhu peak, the purple night peak is the highest, the two peaks between the hidden cultivation of the Taoist high people, the most famous of the North Pole sect masters, masters of the Luangshu, the jade book, the spirit symbols of the six armored secrets and five elements of Taoist law. What you learn from me is mainly the art of war, but not the Taoist arts, which is deep and obvious enough, and will fall into the stream of the radical left path, so I will take you to worship the North Pole God Master as a teacher, and then study the Taoist arts." So, Zhuge Liang followed Calyx Jiu to Wudang Mountain. After taking Zhuge Liang as his disciple, the North Pole godfather also tested him, making him chop wood and carry water every day, and feeding him yellow essence. After living like this for a long time, and seeing his sincerity, he taught him the art of Taoism. And then he went down to the mountain and practiced the world. After that, Zhuge Liang also visited Calyx Jiu and the North Pole Sect Master again, but in the end there was no success, so he continued to hide in Longzhong. Sima Hui knew that Zhuge Liang had become a great talent, so later when Liu Bei visited Sima Hui about the world, the first talent Sima Hui recommended to him was Zhuge Liang. After that, Liu Bei "three visits to thatched cottage" and Zhuge Liang worshiped as the minister of Shu, finally showed the political and military genius of a series of touching experience. According to the later examination of Longzhong, Wolonggang, there seems to be Nanyang, Xiangyang dispute. According to "Zhuge Liang Collection", "Liang's home is in Deng County, Nanyang, 20 miles west of Xiangyang City, called 'Longzhong'", it is true that Xiangyang is the place where Liang's home is located. There are two reasons: First, Xiangyang was under the jurisdiction of Nanyang County at that time, and was known as Nanyang; second, Xiangyang borders Yicheng County today, and there is a place in Yicheng named Denglin, which has a longstanding name, and may have been called Dengxian County after Denglin during the Three Kingdoms period, and it is very likely that Longzhong was under the jurisdiction of this Dengxian County. And according to the stream of Taoism has a world, live in the world, hidden cultivation, governance of the world of different, Han's Zhang Zifang, the Three Kingdoms when Zhuge Liang can be called live in the world, governance of the world of a representative of the school. From the Zhuge Liang's life deeds, he learned a lot of Taoist knowledge from Calyx Jiu and the North Pole Sect Master, including politics, military, astronomy, calendars, medicine, symbols and seals, etc., which was fully utilized in his career of assisting Liu Bei to fight for the world. However, the only thing he failed to learn was the art of immortalization, which caused him to die before he could enjoy a good life. Perhaps this is also the result of his Taoist masters who saw him as a worldly material, and have the ambition to rule the world, and thus teach him according to his ability!