August Osmanthus Flowers Bloom All Over the Place is adapted from the tune of the Dabie Mountain folk song Eight Duanjin, which has been sung to this day and has endured for a long time, and there are many versions of where it was born. From the 1980s onwards, the birthplace of "August laurel blooms all over the world" has caused a controversy around the world, there are Jiangxi said, Sichuan said, Hubei said, Anhui said and Henan said.
On the question of where this folk song belongs, the People's Liberation Army Songs for the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Founding of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (Shanghai People's Publishing House, 1971 edition) labeled "Jiangxi folk songs, Huan's song"; "An Introduction to Folk Songs" (Song Danneng, People's Music Publishing House, 1979 edition) is also recognized as a folk song of Jiangxi; Chinese Folk Songs (Volume 3, edited by the Music Research Institute of the Research Institute of Literature and Art of the Ministry of Culture, Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House, 1982 edition) identifies it as a folk song of Jinzhai, Anhui Province; Chinese Folk Songs Collected - Hubei Volume (People's Music Publishing House, 1988 edition) identifies it as a selection of the folk songs of Hubei Province (Hong'an County, northeast of Hubei Province); and it is listed in the 400 Traditional Folk Songs of China (edited by Liu Zhengming, Guangxi People's Publishing House), and in the 400 Traditional Folk Songs of China (edited by Liu Zhengming, Guangxi People's Publishing House, 1989 edition). (1989 edition) and "Chinese Folk Songs Collection - Henan Volume" (China ISBN Center, 1987 edition), the editors will be identified as Henan Xinxian folk songs; "Chinese Music Dictionary" does not identify it as belonging to which province or region of the folk songs, but only confirms that it is "circulated in the Dabie Mountain area of Anhui, Henan, Hubei and other provinces. The song was used in the establishment of the soviet government in some counties and districts during the Land Revolution. According to the folk song "Eight Duan Jin", the lyrics were filled in and sung. Cao Jinhua's article "(August laurel blooms everywhere) is where the folk song" that: "It is not difficult to see that 'August laurel blooms everywhere' is indeed a folk song of Shangnan, the author of the lyrics is Luo Yinqing, the tune is a local folk 'eight-duanjin' tune, the song was made in 1929, August and September when the laurel blossoms were in full bloom, and it is a folk song of Shangnan, Henan... ... "In the music and dance epic "The East is Red" published in "Party Building Magazine", the music score of "August Laurel Blossoms Everywhere" is labeled as "Revolutionary Folk Songs, Huanzhi's Arrangement", and it is believed that "this song was written by people in the revolutionary base areas of E. Henan and Anhui in 1929 using the local folk song "Eight Duanjin", Anhui Revolutionary Base Areas in 1929, and that "this song was adapted from the local folk song 'Eight Duan Jin'". He Wenzhong in "A Shocking Song on Dabie Mountain" believes that "in 1929, when the osmanthus flowers bloomed in Dabie Mountain, in order to celebrate the establishment of the first county-level soviet regime in E.H.A., the song "August Osmanthus Flowers Blossomed All Over the Place" was born and sung for the first time in Chaishanbao of Xinxian County (Chendian Township of Xinxian County nowadays)". Pan Chuanbai, in his article "Characteristics of Revolutionary Folk Songs in the Dabie Mountain Land Revolution Period", believes that "August Laurel Blossoms All Over the Land" was adapted from the traditional folk song "Eight Duanjin", which was produced at the celebration meeting of the establishment of the Workers' and Peasants' Democratic Government in Kafang, Xinxian County, in August, 1929". Up to this point, the attribution of this folk song *** there are Jiangxi, Anhui, Henan, Hubei four say.
Because it was adapted from a folk song tune from the Dabie Mountains, it excludes the Jiangxi and Sichuan sayings. In the old revolutionary area of Dabie Mountain alone, there are several versions such as "Henan Xinxian said", "Henan Shangcheng said", "Hubei Hongan said" and "Anhui Jinzhai said". "It's hard to say which version of the song belongs to which narrow region. It is hard to say which narrow place the song belongs to. Historical records show that the song was first sung at a conference to establish the Guangshan County Soviet Government in Chendian Township, Xinxian County, Henan Province.
This is a song celebrating the founding of the soviets, a song singing about the soviets founded in August, the original name of which was called "Celebrating the Founding of the Workers' and Peasants' Democratic Government."
In August, 1929, the Guangshan County Soviet Government, the first county-level soviet regime established in the Soviet area of EYA, Guanghan, was proclaimed at the Chaishanbao Dajujia (now belonging to Chendian Township of Xinxian County). ) was proclaimed, more than 120 delegates attended the conference, the conference elected Chen Binghuang as the chairman of the county workers and peasants democratic government. At the meeting, the celebrating people and the propaganda team organized by the government also sang many revolutionary songs. The August laurel bloomed all over the place" was sung at this celebration. 1932, the Red Army's westward march, the song was sung to the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet area.
After the founding of New China, musicians adapted "August Osmanthus Flowers Bloom All Over the Land" into different versions of choral music, as well as instrumental music for erhu and pipa, etc. In 1959, composer Li Huanzhi and lyricist Huo Xiyang adapted the single-melody folk song into a rich folk chorus, and in 1964, Li Huanzhi once again adapted the song into a chorus for women's voices for use in the large-scale music and dance epic "The East is Red," the second scene of which is titled "The East is Red". In 1964, Li Huanzhi adapted the song into a female chorus and used it in the second scene of the large-scale music and dance epic "The East is Red", "Starry Fire Starts a Prairie Fire", in the form of a female chorus and a dance performance, which made the song popular all over the country, and eventually turned it into a red classic. Later, the song was selected for inclusion in music textbooks for primary and secondary schools.
Turning over the "Revolutionary History of South Henan" (Xinyang prefecture committee of the party history data collection and editing committee, Dong Lei, Liu Xinmin edited), "Xinxian Revolutionary History" (Henan Provincial Party Committee of the party history data collection and compilation committee of the party history data collection and compilation committee of the party history) and other works of party history, revolutionary history, which is clearly documented: In August 1929, the Guangxian County soviet government in Chaishan Bao Dajujia (now belongs to the new county of Chendian Township) was proclaimed. This was the first county-level soviet regime established in the Soviet Zone of Hubei, Henan and Anhui. The people of Chaishanbao sang and danced, and many revolutionary songs were sung by the celebrating people and the propaganda team organized by the government. The song "August Laurel Blossoms Everywhere" was sung at this celebration. The people were so happy and the writer was so passionate! The tune was light and bright, and the lyrics were full of triumphant bravado! Therefore, once this song was sung, it was immediately accepted by the people, and loved by the delegates sent to observe it from various revolutionary regions, who recorded and copied it, and brought it back to the places where they did the revolution, to inspire the masses, unite them, and set off a new revolutionary climax.
The exciting moments are always the most memorable, and the earth-shattering events are like a carving knife that engraves the bits and pieces into the minds of the participants. So, decades later, the details are still fresh in the minds of those who experienced them.
Fifty-one years later, Dai Jiying, one of the founders of the revolutionary base of the EYA, still clearly remembers: "The August Osmanthus flowers bloomed all over the place" was made by the local people in Chai Shanbao. I don't know who made it, but it didn't come from abroad. At that time, because we had to duplicate and oil-print the searched songs, several of us in the Special Committee took a look at them personally and changed them. Cao Xuekai, Dai Kemin and Zheng Weishan and I all took part in the revision." (Based on the material recorded by the Xinxian County History Editorial Team in May 1980, which is now kept in the archives of the Xinxian County Cultural Management Committee.) This upright and revolutionary old man, who was then serving as a member of the EYB Special Committee, personally participated in the founding of the Chaishanbao base area and witnessed the establishment of the Guangshan County Soviet regime. The scene was exciting, and the memories left in the old man's heart were deep and unforgettable. Even the details of who participated in the revision are remembered so clearly. Seeing this kind of record, we are almost in tears.
53 years have passed, the famous writer, revolutionary, then served as the propaganda minister of the provincial party committee of the EYA, Cheng Fangwu old-timer in May 1982 and returned to the new county, he walked into the office of the year, tears, and immediately wrote a poem: "three years of war in this place, after the disaster, no old man."
"How many heroes are exhausted, the mountains and rivers still show deep feelings." How many past events came to his mind. In the display room of the Xinxian Revolutionary Memorial Hall, he saw the handwritten songbook of the Land Revolutionary period displayed in the window, and saw the song "August Laurel Blossoms All Over the Place" on it, immediately recalled the lyrics of the song and said: "I remember that it was a Lenin Primary School instructor surnamed Wang who wrote it at that time. What was his name, I forget, he was from Shangnan or Anhui, I heard that he was the son of a landlord and capitalist, with a progressive mindset and a love of literature and art." (According to material recorded by visitors that year).
64 years have passed, in May 1993, the third China Xinyang Tea Festival, 46 years away from his hometown, General Li Desheng returned to his hometown of Chendian Township, Xinxian. He stood under the Muchengzhai, recalling the experience of participating in the revolution. Said: "In 1929, I participated in the children's corps, when the children's leader, holding red and black wooden sticks, standing guard. Especially when the local soviet was established, there were a lot of people coming, and it was very lively. They played drums carried by two people and sang self-made revolutionary songs. The song I remember most is "August Laurel Flowers Bloom Everywhere". Later, I joined the Red Army and went on a long march, and wherever we went, we sang this song there. This song, the best." (The author was personally involved in the reception that year and heard the general's recollections with his own ears.)
Seventy-two years have passed, and in July 2001, Yu Yingmao, a writer of Shangcheng nationality, came to Xinxian County, where he interviewed Zhou Fengshan, a 92-year-old lost member of the Red Army. Yu Yingmao asked her if she could sing the song "August Osmanthus Blossoms Bloom Everywhere", and if she still remembered the time and scene of the song. Zhou Fengshan said excitedly and repeatedly: Yes, yes, yes! Will sing! You listen! The old man then clapped his hands while singing: August osmanthus flowers bloom everywhere, the bright red flag erect ah erected ....... After all, too old, Zhou Fengshan sang very slowly, singing later almost a word at a time. Yu Yingmao afraid of the old man tired, advised her not to sing, as if she did not hear, continue to sing,...... sing a song of the Internationale to celebrate the Soviet. Zhou Fengshan also recalled to the interviewer that she was a propagandist when the local Soviet regime was established in 1929, she said: At that time, I led the group to sing, and the mountains were shaken! Everyone sang, and children sang too ....... (For materials, see Zhengzhou Evening News, July 13, 2001, and the author personally attended the interview that year).
Time, time! People's memories are all pointing to one time, that time in August 1929 (lunar calendar) when the osmanthus flowers bloomed, that time when the Soviet regime was established as the first county-level regime in the Soviet area of EYW.
August osmanthus flowers, this is not the usual poetic metaphor, and later in the circulation of this song people also made changes according to the time of the establishment of their own soviets.
New County Party history expert Chen Shinnong told the author, in March 1979, he went to Kafang Commune to collect revolutionary historical materials, visited an 84-year-old party member Deng Yongyan, during the period of the Agrarian Revolution, Deng Yongyan served as Guangshan County, string West District (now Xinxian Kafang Township), the second township soviets sent members. Deng Yongyan recalled that when the district and township established the soviet regime, he sang "August osmanthus blossoms bloom everywhere", but at that time, the first line of the lyrics were modified to sing the March peach blossoms bloom everywhere. Deng Yongyin said, "Because when we established the township and district authorities in Chansi District, it was in the second and third months of the lunar calendar in the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930), 'August Osmanthus Blossoms Bloom All Over the Land' was sung in Chansi District (i.e., Chaishanbao area) when we established the soviets of the townships, districts, and Kwangsan County. Because they were established in the eighth and ninth months of the lunar calendar in the first year (i.e. 1929), the song was sung because the osmanthus blossoms were in full bloom at that time. At that time, osmanthus flowers were in full bloom, so they sang 'August osmanthus flowers bloom everywhere' to celebrate the establishment of the regime. Elder Deng Yongyan's recollections are very specific and convincing.
Also, there are many other recollections that point to August 1929 as the time.
So who wrote the song?
Dai Jiying is quite certain: it arose in the local area of Chai Shanbao. Some old Red Army soldiers recalled that the song's lyricist was an old private school teacher named Dai Jueshen. Dai is Hubei Province, Hongan County, Tangshugang people, his several children have participated in the **** production party, the eldest son Dai Zuoming is still the leader of the Huangma Uprising, Dai Juexian also y influenced by the revolution, and thus fill in the lyrics created Gui song.
Cheng Fangwu's recollection said it was a Lenin elementary school teacher surnamed Wang, but he did not know the name. Shangcheng County, Henan Province, said in a more positive tone that the author surnamed Wang was Wang Jichu, a revolutionary martyr who loved literature and art in the county.
The author cannot agree with this statement. Why? Or time, it is time to tell me that Wang Jichu can not be the original author of the lyrics of the song.
As long as we can't deny Dai Jiying and other revolutionary elders' recollection of the time in August 1929, and as long as we can't deny the time of the founding of the Gwangsan County Soviet in August 1929, then Wang Jichu couldn't have composed the song.
Wang Jichu is a revolutionary martyr who loves literature and art. Wang Jichu collected and organized the creation of many revolutionary history folk songs. Wang Jichu should also have collected the song "August osmanthus flowers bloom everywhere". Because of his hobbies and specialties, he should also have contributed to the circulation of this song, but I still say he could not have created this song. Because at this time in August 1929, Wang Jichu had not yet joined the revolution.
Let's take a look at Wang Jichu's biography. Wang Jichu, born in 1893, died in 1932, he was a young master of the Wang family in the West Street, Shangcheng County. His great-uncle Wang Litang is the end of the Qing dynasty, Haicheng county magistrate in Liaoning province. After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, Wang Litang was recognized by Zhang Zuolin, who made him the governor of the four northeastern provinces to fight against bandits. Wang Litang official career, but there is a regret, no children, so, set up his own nephew Wang Jichu as a stepson. Wang Litang also through the relationship and property, in the Northeast for Wang Jichu to seek a position as governor. But this Wang Jichu mind is not at all in the officialdom. He grew up like singing opera, even to the extent of obsession. In the Wang Litang for him to get the post of governor, take office at the juncture, he actually left without saying goodbye, to Beijing when the ticket friends sing opera. Wang Litang mad, sent from Beijing to find Wang Jichu, no matter how to scold, Wang Jichu is not to change the love of singing the original intention, and looking for an opportunity to escape from the Northeast, back to his hometown of Mall. Since then, Wang Jichu also organized a troupe to go out and sing opera, but also wrote an article on "art". December 25, 1929, the Red Army hit the city of Mall County. Wang Jichu out of the Wang family gatehouse, but also into the celebrating masses. But the Red Army locked up this big son. Locked up in the cell Wang Jichu but wrote a song in praise of the Red Army to take the city of song: Republic of China eighteen spring, the Red Army hit the city of ....... At this time, the Red Army hit the mall to establish the Soviet regime, the regime also need cultural people, they released Wang Jichu, mobilized Wang Jichu to participate in the revolution, and let him serve as the head of the Red Sun Troupe.1932 October, Wang Jichu with the Red Army into Sichuan, soon after, for the revolution and gave his life.
By Wang Jichu's life it is easy to see, in the Chai Shanbao area began to sing "August laurel flowers bloom everywhere" when Wang Jichu was not in Chai Shanbao, and has not yet participated in the revolution, no matter from his experience and feelings, it is impossible to write such a passionate song in praise of the Soviet Union. We would like to remember the martyr Wang Jichu died for the revolution, but the truth is beautiful! I think Wang Jichu, if he knows, will also agree with this statement.
So the mall said also untenable, Hong'an County also believes that the 1929-1930 seven Liping Lenin Primary School instructor Wang Jichu according to the "eight brocade" fill in the lyrics adapted from, also untenable.
Here. Most researchers have overlooked an important fact, that is, "August laurel flowers bloom everywhere" belongs to the category of folk songs. An important feature of folk songs is the collective nature of their creation, and its authors are often the many singers, which is one of the basic features that distinguish folk songs from professional songwriting. Therefore, it is worth reflecting on whether it is necessary for us to spend too much energy to verify the specific author. It should be said that "August Osmanthus Flowers Bloom Everywhere" was gradually formed in a long period of singing, and the adapters are the general public. But it is also undeniable that people like Wang Jichu, Wu Jingyu, Chen Shihong, Luo Yinqing and others had played an important role in the initial stage of this folk song.
From the historical situation of the EYA Soviet Union, the May 6, 1929 Shangnan Uprising (also known as the Mall Uprising, Lixia Festival Uprising or Dingjiabu Uprising, the southern part of Henan Shangcheng County is referred to as the Shangnan, the author's note) broke out, the establishment of the revolutionary base in the center of the Shangnan Zhanzhuyuan, which is located in the junction of the three provinces of Hubei, Jiangxi and Henan. Fotang Au was Shangnan, now belongs to Anhui Jinzhai County fruit garden township. 1932, the main force of the Red Army withdrew from the revolutionary base of EYA, the Kuomintang government then set up here by the Fu (Henan Guangshan, Luoshan and Hubei Hong'an, Macheng of the border area, 1947 renamed Xinxian, now belongs to Henan), Lishan (Henan Luoshan and Hubei Hong'an, Xiaoqin, Huangpi of the junction of the region, renamed in 1952 Dawu County) Lihuang (Henan Shangcheng, Gushi and Anhui Huoshan, Liu'an, Huoqiu of the junction area, 1949 renamed Jinzhai County, now belongs to Anhui) three counties. A reality is that the administrative division of this area changes frequently, some villages and towns in different years under different provinces. This was caused by the special historical conditions and environment at that time. At the same time, the existing articles and writings cannot provide the most convincing evidence to prove in which place this folk song was produced, and are mostly based on the memories of the people concerned and the author's subjective speculation. Moreover, the existing articles cited in the memories of the record, the parties involved in their own provinces to speak, obviously with personal subjectivity and narrow localism tendency, so the article's point of view is inevitably lost objectivity and fairness. The combination of these factors shows that using the administrative district as the place of belonging of this folk song is inherently flawed and prone to contradictory arguments. Continuing to dwell on it, it is ultimately difficult to come to a conclusion.
The most important thing is that folk songs "are gradually formed in the process of singing and circulating". August Osmanthus Flowers Bloom Everywhere is no exception, as evidenced by the fact that the lyrics and melodic tunes vary in different versions of the song. Therefore, there is no way to know the exact author and the creative process of "August Osmanthus Flowers Bloom Everywhere", and there is no need to stick to the bull's-eye. From this, we can convert the division standard, to the folk song circulated in the region to define the song belongs to the dispute (such a division has precedents), that it is based on the Dabie Mountain area of the "eight-duanjin" adapted from the lyrics, initially circulated in the Dabie Mountain area, so it should belong to the Dabie Mountain area or the EYUAN Soviet Union of the revolutionary folk songs. This is in line with the historical facts, but also to avoid the interference of the narrow concept of localism and various disputes.