The attitude of the world towards homosexuality
The Netherlands passed a gay marriage law
Holland's gays and lesbians can not only legally get married but also legally get divorced. The Dutch Senate passed a law legalizing gay marriage, and the Senate also passed legislation allowing gays and lesbians to adopt children after marriage.
In September 2009, the lower house of the Dutch parliament overwhelmingly passed a law legalizing gay marriage. The Dutch constitution states that anyone has the right to marry. There is a growing consensus that gays and lesbians should also have this right.
Critics of the legislation say gays and lesbians who marry in the Netherlands are likely to run into trouble in other countries that do not recognize legal gay marriage.
But the Dutch foreign ministry has given assurances that it will protect gay marriages not only in the Netherlands, but also their rights abroad.
Germany passes law recognizing 'same-sex marriages'
Germany's Bundestag voted on Dec. 2, 2000, to pass a new law authorizing same-sex couples to register their relationship with the authorities, an arrangement known as "same-sex marriage. ".
Under the law, same-sex couples will be able to use the same last name and also share responsibilities in, for example, family insurance. The law would give legal status to same-sex relationships and would also apply to foreigners. However, same-sex couples are still not allowed to adopt children at this time.
British archbishop's attitude to homosexuality
On July 23, 2002, British Prime Minister Tony Blair announced the appointment of the Archbishop of Wales, Rowan Williams, as the religious leader of the Anglican Communion.
Traditionally, the Anglican Communion has held strong attitudes against homosexuals, and in 1998 Lambeth Palace, the highest deliberative body of the Anglican Communion, held a meeting devoted to a resolution strongly condemning homosexual behavior. Williams had reservations about the resolution and appointed a priest with a reportedly homosexual background, explaining that his criteria for choosing a priest was to be able to communicate the gospel "with dedication to Christ and in accordance with God's will," and to take responsibility for his own sexuality, so there was no need to be judgmental. In addition, Williams supports the Anglican Church's break with tradition by appointing women priests. Williams also has reservations about the Queen continuing to head the Anglican Church.
Accounts of homosexuality in various countries
Both in China and in foreign countries, there have been accounts of homosexuality since the beginning of written history.
Homosexuality was prevalent in ancient Greece, especially between teachers and students and brothers. One of the most famous is the story of the philosopher Aristotle, as recorded in the book of Lukina: "Aristotle was a male lecher, and used his learning to seduce beautiful young men, and used to talk amorously with his disciple, Criinia, and to read to him the obscene conversations which the seer and his disciple talked about." Criinia had a lover who was a prostitute, and this prostitute complained to her friend Critonia because Aristotle had taken her lover, and Critonia thought of a plan to insult the philosopher to the public by writing "Aristotle has seduced Criinia" in big letters on the wall one night.
For 200 years, between the 6th and 4th centuries B.C., pedophilia flourished in Greece and was considered an offshoot of "higher education". Its sole purpose - according to Socrates - was to foster the moral perfection of young boys.
The teacher-student relationship, of course, had a sexual component. At that time, "teacher-student love" and "homosexual love" on a spiritual level were openly practiced, while physical homosexual behavior may have been underground. But in any case, from today's point of view, it was never about "fostering the moral perfection of young boys".
In ancient Turkey, male sexuality was extremely popular. Tivino says: "It was a very popular vice among them, but they did not wish to conceal it, and almost all their songs eulogized this shameful love and wine."
Homosexuality was popular in all the countries of the ancient East, and a good deal of information has survived to the present day. For example, the popularity of male sexuality in Japan through the ages is well documented in Iwata Junichi's "Examination of Male Sexuality in the Honcho Dynasty" and Hanafusa Shiro's "Examination of Male Sexuality".
Lesbianism existed in ancient times as well as male homosexuality. The ancient Greeks called homosexual women "Tribas", the Romans called them "Frictrix", and later the ancient Greeks called lesbianism "Lesbian love". Lesbianism was also popular in ancient Rome, and was described in the narrative poems of Horatius. In the Roman imperial era, Mahir, Jovanah and other competing works depicting lesbianism.
To this day, lesbians are known as "Lesbians" (Lesbian), which has a lot to do with "Lesbian love" and the ancient Greek poetess Shakespeare. She was born on the island of Lesbos in 612 B.C. and grew up in a wealthy, aristocratic family and spent her teenage years in happiness. Later, she was implicated and banished to Siracusa, Sicily, where she married and had children. After a few years, she returned to Lesbos and opened a school where she taught young girls to compose poetry, sing and dance. She was passionately in love with a girl named Artis, but then the girl and a young man left Lesbos. Shaffer had many more emotional entanglements with a young crewman. The etymology of the word "lesbian" is derived from the idea that "Shaffer was having fun with young girls in Lesbos".
Historically, the Christian Church has considered homosexuality to be its worst crime, not only because of the Church's promotion of asceticism, but also because of the belief that homosexuality is anti-nature and anti-God, and is therefore more evil than heterosexuality, and because under conditions of celibacy and abstinence, homosexuality can easily occur between nuns and monks, or between friars and nuns, and that the Church's own survival would be jeopardized if homosexuality were not severely suppressed. Survival. One sinful city mentioned in the Bible was the city of Sodom, located by the Dead Sea. The city's inhabitants were so sinful that God could not bear it any longer and sent fire and brimstone to destroy it.
This persecution of homosexuals worsened during the middle and late Middle Ages in Europe, and only got better in the last century or two. For a long time, France switched to burning homosexuals after abandoning the custom of burning witches. But by 1752, people's concepts in this regard has changed a lot, "Napoleon Code" on homosexuality "conviction" has made a considerable degree of relaxation, by 1860 society has basically tolerated homosexuality. In the United Kingdom, before 1861, the law still stipulated that homosexuals should be sentenced to death; in 1861, the death penalty was changed to 10 years' imprisonment to life imprisonment. It was not until 1967 that British law legalized homosexual relationships between consenting adults.
Homosexuality is a sexual cultural phenomenon, and attitudes toward homosexuality are even more so, as it involves many issues such as concepts, customs, scientific knowledge, and laws. Historically, people's attitudes toward homosexuality have roughly gone through the process of normal → sin → pathological → normal, with the shift from the third to the fourth stage beginning in the late 20th century.
Governments' attitudes towards homosexuality in law are also different. In the United Kingdom, homosexuality between consenting and discreet adults was formally recognized as legal in England and Wales in 1967, while it was recognized in Scotland only in 1980. Scandinavian countries are more tolerant of homosexuality, with Norway recognizing it as legal in 1972 and Sweden recognizing it in 1944. In the United States, San Francisco passed the Cohabitation Act in December 1982, recognizing gay and lesbian families as legal, and half of the 50 U.S. states now legalize homosexuality, with a near-parity of attitudes among their high court judges. In Russia, where homosexuality was still considered illegal a few days ago, homosexual groups have come to comprise between 3 and 5 percent of the population, and at the end of 1989 the "Association of Sexual Minorities" appeared in Moscow, with a platform that declared, "The aim is to fight for the same rights in the full sense of the word for people of all sexual orientations " and that "we will not impose our preferences on anyone, but we will exist as human beings created by nature."
In short, if people's attitude towards sex marks the degree of civilization, science and openness of a society, the attitude towards homosexuality is an even more obvious sign.