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Bai Juyi, "The Song of Neishang Yuyi and Weizhi"
I used to serve Emperor Xian in Yuanhe, and I once accompanied the inner banquet to Zhaoyang. I loved the Neishang dance the most.
When I danced in the cold food and spring wind, I was in front of the incense case under the jade hook fence. The dancers in front of the table were as beautiful as jade, and they did not wear the ordinary clothes of other people.
The rainbow garment, cape and necklace were all in a row. The gracefulness of the dancers is like a lotus flower, and they are listening to the music.
Chime, Xiao, Zheng, and flute, and press down, play, and blow, and the sound is meandering. The first time I saw this was when I was a student at the University of California, Berkeley, and the second time I saw it was when I was a student at the University of California, Berkeley.
In the middle of the sequence, the bamboo poles are cracked in the fall and the ice is removed in the spring. The snow is light, and the dragons are frightened by the sweetness of it.
The willow is powerless after a small drop of the hand, and the clouds want to be born when the train is tilted. The smoke and the moths are not winning, but the wind sleeve is low, as if there is a love.
Superior Yuan nodded her hair to invoke the calyx green, and the Queen Mother waved her arms to part with Feiqiong. The sound of the music has been repeated twelve times, and the beads have been shaken by the clanging of the jade.
The luan dance was over, and the crane song was over. The first time I saw it, I was shocked to see it, but I was not satisfied to hear it.
It's been eighty-nine years since I landed on earth, and I've never heard this song before. I'm not sure if I've ever heard this song before, but I've heard the mandrill's voice in Penjing, and I've heard the cuckoo's cry in Ba Gorge.
The second year I moved to Qiantang, I was in the mood to ask about silk and bamboo. The first time I heard this song, I was in the middle of a conversation with a man who had been in love with me for a long time.
Clean strings and delicate hands taught the neon dress a song. The lake in front of the White Pavilion is surrounded by water, and there are only three presses before and after.
They are the only ones who have left the country, and they are now scattered. The first thing you need to do is to get to Suzhou in May of this year, and you'll be able to see the bells and the horns and the white heads.
Greedy to see the paperwork often invade the night, do not listen to music and songs until the fall. I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do that, but I'm going to be able to do it, and I'm going to be able to do it.
When I heard that there were a lot of musicians in the ministry, I asked if there were any dancers with neon dresses. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on some of the most popular products and services in the world.
The only thing I can do is to send a long song to me, which is titled "Neishang Yuyi" (霓裳羽衣谱). The four pieces of flower paper are red between the blue and the red, and the actual record of the Neishang is in it.
There are a lot of things that you can see, just like the dancers in Zhaoyang. I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do that, but I'm going to be able to do it, and I'm going to be able to do it.
They are the most important of all, and they are the most important of all, and they are the most important of all. I love the Nishangang, and I'm sure it's in the form of a poem," he said.
It was not the first time that I saw my song, and it was the first time that I saw my song, and it was the first time that I saw my song, and it was the first time that I saw my song. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on some of the most popular products and services in the world.
By the time I was a young man, I had a master of all things, and Yang created the sound of the music. I'm not sure if you're going to be able to find someone to do this, but I'm sure you'll be able to find someone to do it for you.
Wu demon Xiaoyu flew into smoke, Yue Yan Xishi turned into soil. The flower is so delicate and smiling, and the ramie is so empty.
If what you say is true, try to listen to me calmly. If you are looking for a new color of the country, I am afraid that this dance will be abolished on earth.
The ugly woman's superiority or inferiority is far away from each other, and most of them are only raised by people. I'm not sure if you're going to be able to get the best out of me, but I'm sure I'm going to be able to get the best out of you.
Note (1) chime Xiao zheng flute intermingled, hit press down (yè) play blowing sound meandering (yǐlǐ): is where the Tang Dynasty's law began to play, chime (Tang Dynasty refers to the copper bowl), zheng, xiao, flute, such as gold and stone silk and bamboo one by one sound, the Nishang Yuyi song is also so. The word "press down" is the same as "擪", which means to press down with the fingers.
(2) scattered prelude six play not move clothes, balcony host cloud lethargy does not fly: scattered prelude part *** play six tunes, there is no beat, so it has not yet begun to dance.
(3) in the order of breaking (bò) 騞 (huō) the first into the beat, the autumn bamboo pole cracked spring ice split: music from the order (also known as the beat sequence) began to play the beat, this time the dance also began. The word "擘" denotes the fingering method of plucking the strings of the zither; lifting the strings with the thumb is called "擘". The word "騞騞" indicates the sound of cracking. "Breaking is actually lifting the strings with the thumb and then cutting them quickly so that the instrument makes a sound like a violent crack.
(4) The snow is light, and the dragons are frightened. The willow is powerless after dropping the hand, and the clouds want to be born when the train is trailing diagonally: these four lines all describe the posture when the dance has just begun.
(5) The upper yuan points the maid to recruit the calyx green, the queen mother waved her arms to leave Feiqiong: "the upper yuan" refers to the upper yuan lady, the legendary goddess; in the palace of heaven's status is second only to the queen mother. "Calyx Green" and "Feiqiong" are respectively Calyx Green Hua and Xu Feiqiong, both fairies in the Heavenly Palace.
(6) Twelve times in a hurry, jumping beads shake the jade clanging: the third part of the Neishang Yuyi song, "Qu Broken" for twelve times, and then the end of the music.
(7) Xiangluan Dance but closed wings, new crane song end long lead sound: the general tune is a sharp sound to stop, but the Neishang Yuyi song at the end of the tempo slowed down again, and then dragged a long sound before the end, such as the crane new crane in the sky.
(8) Pen City, but listen to the mandrill, Ba Gorge, but hear the cuckoo cry: "Pen City" refers to Jiangzhou (present-day Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province); "Ba Gorge" refers to Zhongzhou (present-day Zhongxian, Chongqing). In the 14th year of the Yuanhe reign of the Tang Dynasty (819 A.D.), the poet Bai Juyi was promoted to the post of assassin of Zhongzhou from the post of secretary of Jiangzhou.
(9) Linglong Konghou Xie Haozheng, Chen Zurna (bì) bamboos (lì) Shen Ping sheng (沈平笙): Shang Linglong, Xie Haozheng, Chen Zurna (陈宠觱), and Shen Ping (沈平), all four of them courtesans of Hangzhou, are known as "zurnas". "An ancient wind instrument, shaped like a trumpet, with a reed for the mouth and bamboo for the pipe, it produces a mournful sound. It is also known as "wicker bamboos", "sad chestnut" and "reed pipe".
(10) Breaking the Song of Neishang and Feather Clothes: Bai Juyi's poem in "Song of Long Hate": "The scabbard and drums of Yuyang move the ground and break the song of neishang and feather clothes." .
(11) The Song of the Nei-shang and the Feathered Garments: Bai Juyi's poem in Bie Dong Lou: "After the banquet, it is appropriate to wear a new bun, and the Song of the Nei-shang and the Feathered Garments has not been taken".
(12) Wu Demon Xiaoyu Flew as Smoke, and Yue Yan Xishi Turned into Dirt: After Xiaoyu, the daughter of King Fu-chai of Wu, died young, she took human form and came to see the king of Wu. When Xiaoyu's mother tried to embrace her, she flew away in the form of light smoke.
(13) Li Juan, Zhang Shi, you don't mind, but also want to follow the appropriate and teach to take: Li Juan, Zhang Shi are courtesans in Suzhou.
The whole poem: I served Emperor Xianzong during the Yuanhe period and attended court banquets in the palace. I have seen countless court songs and dances, and one of my favorites is the Nishang Yuyi Dance. At that time, it was the spring of the Cold Food Festival, and the dancers danced in front of the incense burner under the Jade Hook Appendage. The dancers in front of the incense burner had jade-like faces and wore clothes that were not ordinary on earth. The dancers were dressed in rainbow-like clothes and wore crowns of beads; there were many necklaces and jade pendants on their bodies, and the sound of the pendants was loud and clear when they danced. The dancers' figures were graceful and elegant as if they were not overly clothed, and they listened to the dance music and behaved according to the rules. Chime, Xiao, zheng, flute and other musical instruments played one after another, hit, press down, play, blow, and other sounds long and charming. The music is played six times in the scattered sequence, and the dancers' dancing clothes are like pieces of hostile clouds residing on the balcony peaks. In the middle sequence of the music and into the beat, the sound is like autumn bamboo cracking, such as spring ice melting. Lightly rotating dance like the wind back to the snow, sweet forward steps like a swimming dragon. When you hang down your hand, you look like a gentle willow, and when your skirt floats diagonally, you look like a white cloud rising. Dai eyebrows look forward to say endless delicate beauty, dance sleeve to meet the wind flying with a thousand kinds of flavor. It is like Mrs. Shangyuan inviting the fairy Calyx Lvhua, and like the Queen Mother of the West waving her sleeve to send off the fairy Xu Feiqiong. Twelve times the song breaks the sound of the rush and gorgeous, like the beating pearl striking the jade piece of resounding. After the dance, like a flying luan and phoenix convergence of colorful wings, the final song of the long sound like a crane in the air. Just look at this dance when the stunned, viewing the end of the intention is not enough. I do not know since the demotion to the civil so far eight or nine years, no longer have the opportunity to view this song and dance. In Jiangzhou can only hear the mandrill night language, in Zhongzhou only hear the cuckoo cry. Later, he became the assassin of Hangzhou, and only then had the opportunity and mood to revisit this skill. Shang Linglong's konghou, Xie Hao's zheng; Chen Favour's zurna, Shen Ping's sheng, these four courtesans who were good at playing orchestral music, were finally practiced after I had taught them the Nishang song. At the lake in front of the Pavilion of Hollow White, they performed the Nishang song three times. I left Hangzhou because my term of office had expired, and I heard that they were now scattered. In May of this year, I came to Suzhou as an assassin, and time flies like an arrow, and my hair has turned gray. I often worked late into the night to review official business, and I had no time to listen to songs until the late fall season. In the fall, there is less official business, but the mood of boredom, remembering the neisang song but do not know where to ask. I heard that there are many good players in Yuezhou, so I would like to know if anyone knows the Neishang and Feather Dance. You replied that not one of the 100,000 households in the seven counties of Yuezhou knew the Nishang Dance, but you sent me a long poem titled "Nishang Yuyi Jie" (霓裳羽衣谱). The color of the four sheets of letterhead is green with red, and the Nishang poem is recorded in them. It was as if the actual Neishang Dance was shown in them, the same as what I had seen in the palace back then. In front of my eyes as if I saw the dancer's physique and elegant temperament, today and in the past, just like the same. It was like meeting in a dream, and like appearing in a painting. You also know that I am very enthusiastic about the Nishang song and often write it in my poems. You should also remember that in The Song of Everlasting Hatred, there is the poem "The Song of Neishang and Feather Clothes", and in The Song of Farewell to the East Tower, there is the poem "The Song of Neishang and Feather Clothes". All skillful things have a creator. Yang Jingzhong created the sound according to the law, and Emperor Ming himself made the score. You said that it was difficult to find talented performers for this kind of dance, and that it had to be a beautiful and lovely girl. It is a pity that the daughter of King Wu Fu-chai, Xiaoyu, has already turned into green smoke, and Xishi has long since turned into dust. It has been a long time since I have seen the face and smile of the most beautiful woman in the world, and the Tuan Wa Palace and Ramie Village have become empty. Perhaps this is true, but please listen to what I have to say: if we have to find a beautiful woman to teach this dance, it will not be able to be passed down to the world for a long time. The beauty and ugliness of women are not so different from each other, but most of them need to be cultivated and raised by others. I have Li Juan and Zhang Zi here, please don't think they are not lovely; I want to make do with what I have and train them to be talented.
The original title of the Neishang Yuyi Song was Neishang Yuyi Song (and Weizhi), which was the name of Yuan Zhen, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty; that is to say, Bai Juyi's Neishang Yuyi Song was written to harmonize with Yuan Zhen's Neishang Yuyi Poem, which is now lost in print. The Nishang Yuyi dance is one of the most famous court dances of the Tang Dynasty, combining poetry, music and dance. The Neishang Yuyi Dance is often described in Tang poems; Bai Juyi mentioned the Neishang Yuyi Dance and its tunes in many of his poems and said: "A thousand songs and a hundred dances cannot be counted, but I love the Neishang Dance the most"; the poem "Neishang Yuyi Song" is the most detailed description of the dance and its tunes we can see so far, and it is a valuable source of information for studying court dances and music of the Tang Dynasty. This poem is by far the most detailed description of this dance and song we have ever seen, and is also a valuable source of information for the study of the Tang dynasty's court dance and music. I'll start with a detailed description of the Neishang Yuyi Song.
The origin of the Neishang Yuyi Qu has many different stories; (Tang) Zheng Mass "Jin Yang Men Poetry Note" says: "Ye Fashan led Emperor Ming into the Moon Palace, heard the music return, the flute to write half of it, will be Xilian Yang Jingzhong into the Brahmin Qu, the sound 脗脗合, according to which they will rhyme, and is a combination of the two system "Neishang Yuyi Qu". Ye Fashan was a very famous monk in the Tang Dynasty, and was said to be profound in Taoism. There are also similar accounts in Minghuang Miscellany, Liu Zongyuan's Longcheng Lu, and Jiyiji. Zheng's account of the quality of the music is consistent with Bai Juyi's poem: "From the beginning, there is a master of all things, and Yang created the sound of the music. During the reign of Emperor Kaiyuan, Yang Jingzhong, the governor of Heshi, created the sound of the Buddhist song "Brahmins' Song", which had been introduced to Liangzhou through the Western Regions, and presented it to Emperor Minghuang of the Tang Dynasty. After obtaining the song, Li Longji combined it with the immortal music he had heard, embellished it and made the lyrics, and personally created this famous pear orchard song. In the thirteenth year of Tianbao, he changed the name of the song to "Neishang Yuyi Qu" (The Song of Neishang and Feather Clothes). To summarize, "Neishang Yuyi Song" should be a divine dance song.
Additionally, the Nishang Yuyi Qu is also a fine example of the Tang Dynasty's French music. Dharma music, also known as Dharma music, was first seen in the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the book "Fahian biography" (Eastern Jin Dynasty monk Fahian's travels), because it is used in Buddhist puja and named, Dharma music was introduced to China from India in the Sui Dynasty. Also according to the New Tang Book - Rituals and Music XII: "At the beginning, Sui had Faju, which was clear and nearly elegant, with instruments such as scratching, cymbals, chimes, bells, blocks of very xiao and pipa. ...... Emperor Xuanzong both know the sound and rhythm, but also love the French song, choose to sit in the Department of the children of three hundred teaching in the pear orchard, the sound of the wrong person, the emperor will find and correct. ...... Later, the Heshi Festival Minister Yang Jingzhong dedication "Nishang Yuyi Qu" twelve times, where the song will be rapid, only "Nishang Yuyi Qu" will be finished, the introduction of sound is slow. ...... Kaiyuan twenty-four years, ascending Hu Department in the hall. And Tianbao music, all to the name of the border, such as "Liangzhou", "Izhou", "Ganzhou" and so on. Later, they also edicted that the Tao tunes and French tunes should cooperate with the new sounds of the Hu section." ; All these accounts are also more consistent with the description in Bai Juyi's poem.
The whole song of "Neishang Yuyi Qu" is divided into thirty-six parts, consisting of three parts: "Scattered Sequence" (six times), "Middle Sequence" (eighteen times), and "Qu Broken" (twelve times), which integrates song, dance, and instrumental music. The six times of "Scattered Prelude" are preludes, all free rhythmic loose boards, played by chime, xiao, zheng, flute and other instruments solo or in rounds, no dance, no song, that is, the so-called "chime, xiao, zheng and flute interspersed with each other, hitting, press down, playing, blowing the sound of meandering," and "Scattered Prelude of the six times of the music has not yet moved the clothes, the balcony hosts the clouds languidly does not fly! ". In the Preface, also known as "Song Head" or "Beat Preface", it is a slow lyrical section, and there are several changes from slow to fast in the middle. It has songs and dances, and also has instrumental accompaniment, that is, according to the beat of the music while singing and dancing, that is, the so-called "in the middle of the sequence of the breaking of the first into the beat, the autumn bamboo poles cracked the spring ice demolition". The "Qu Broken", also known as "Dancing All Over", is the climax of the whole piece, which is mainly a dance, accompanied only by musical instruments without singing, with a resounding musical tone, and the tempo gradually accelerates from a loose board to a slow board to a sharp beat. At the beginning of the piece, there is a loose plate, which is called "entering the break". Bai Juyi's poem "Lying down and listening to the Dharma Song (Nishang)" says: "After the hazy dream of idleness has been realized, the soft and gentle sound enters into the break", which shows that the tune is quite lyrical, but it soon turns into the fast part of "Twelve times of complicated and rapid rhythms, jumping beads and shaking the jade with clanging sound". This part has a transition section "false urging" from the loose plate to the fast plate before it turns into the fast plate, and there are also several changes from fast to faster in the middle. At the end of the song, the rhythm is slowed down again, and then dragged a long tone for the end, Bai Juyi's own note: "Where the song will be finished, all the sound beat fast, only the end of the Nishang, long lead a sound," it can be seen that the "Neishang Yuyi Song" due to the requirements of the dance, the end of the piece is not as fast as the other songs, "Fragon" for the end, and the final note is not as fast as "Falcon". "The end of the song is not as fast as other big songs, and the end note is dragged out for a long time.
The Nishang Yuyi Qu was favored in the Tang court, and occupied an important position in the music and dance of the Sheng Tang period. When it was performed in the court, Emperor Xuanzong himself taught the Pear Garden disciples to play it, and it was sung by the palace maidens in the form of a group dance. The dance was later spread to the folk, but also in the form of single or double dances. The performance of this song is wonderfully depicted in the poems of Bai Juyi, Yuan Zhen and others.
In addition to the chimes, xiao, zheng and flute mentioned earlier, Bai Juyi also mentioned that "Linglong Konghou Xie Haozheng and Chen Zurna Shen Pingxiang are the accompaniment instruments of this song. The delicate hands of the clear strings and tubes taught the Neishang a song", that is to say, also used Konghou, Wicker, sheng and other musical instruments. And in the Tang Xuanzong era of the court performance, but with a jade chime four ? (frame) and the piano, the serpent, building, xiao, treble knee pipe, sheng, taro each one. It seems that its orchestra establishment is closer to the system of Qing music. This song to the folk, but also with a single instrument performance, such as with the pipa, zheng, flute and other instruments; can also be used in several instruments ensemble, such as: konghou, wicker, sheng, zheng and so on.
The Neishang Yuyi Song and Dance pays great attention to the performers' costumes, "not with the ordinary clothes of the people", the skirt color is like a rainbow, the cape on the body is like a flying cloud, wearing gold embedded in the celluloid beads, ringing sound, crisp and pleasant to the ear; the hair combed into a double maid, decorated with gold embedded in the head of the bead flower, light and soft dance, in and out of the fluttering, the long sleeves, like a weak willow to help the wind. The dancing posture is light and soft, moving in and out, with long sleeves like a weak willow holding the wind, the train of the skirt lightly swaying like flowing clouds, and the dancing costume decorated with feathers waving with the arms, like a luan and a phoenix spreading its wings.
The Nishang Yuyi song shows that the Tang dynasty song has a huge and varied body of music, its artistic expression, mood creation, as well as the absorption of foreign music and melting all show the Tang dynasty court music and dance achieved brilliant achievements.
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"Thank you, Xiao Yao." How could Yuan Yuan not know that Xiao Yao was protecting her from unnecessary trouble.
"I promised you that I wouldn't let you get hurt in any way, wouldn't I remember that and not do it? Well, don't think about anything, everything is with me and Yuan Yuan, you just need to get there and finish your dance." Xiao Yao explained.
Yuan Yuan didn't say anything else, she remembered how good Xiao Yao was to her, and at the same time, according to Xiao Yao's indication, she slowly walked to the middle of the stage, and after giving a gesture to the lighting technician, in an instant, the studio was all blacked out, and a few seconds later, a beam of chasing and so on, hit on Yuan Yuan, and at the same time, the neon song also slowly sounded.
In the light of the chasing lamp, only to see Yuan Yuan head wearing a golden flower jade laurel crown, inserted Linglong step rock, wearing a peacock plumage inlaid with jewels and jade and other ornaments, shoulders draped in colorful cape, with such as neon-like light color of the dance skirt, standing in the center of the stage in the curls, gently with the sleeve and move, just for a moment, the Yuan Yuan attracted the attention of the crowd.
The accompanying Xiaowan spoke softly: "The dancers in front of the case are as beautiful as jade, and they don't wear common clothes. She is not wearing the ordinary clothes of other people. She is wearing a rainbow dress, cape and necklace, and is wearing a pearl necklace.
The sound engineer was playing the Nishang Yuyi song played by Yuan Yuan Xiaowan***, the tune was long and lyrical, the mood was far away, Yuan Yuan danced with the sound of music.
At this time, the crowd finally realized why it would be called the Nishang Yuyi Dance for the Chinese Tang Dynasty, a fine piece of music and dance history of a bright pearl, which depicts the Tang Xuanzong aspired to the immortal and go to the Moon Palace to see the fairy myth, its dance, its music, its costumes to depict the misty fairy world and dance the image of the fairy, giving people an immersive artistic feeling.
Bai Juyi's "Neishang Yuyi Dance Song and Wei Zhi" depicts the structure and dance of the piece in detail: the whole piece is divided into 36 sections, with three parts, namely, the loose preface (six sections), the middle preface (eighteen sections), and the song breaks (twelve sections), which integrates songs, dances, and instrumental performances into a single piece. He once had the honor to watch a pair of beautiful dancers perform this dance, to which they sometimes nodded to each other and gathered together, and sometimes waved their sleeves to disperse the brilliant performance, and once praised from the bottom of his heart: "Thousands of songs and thousands of dances can not be counted, and among them the most favorite Nishang Dance."
It's not as if the crowd hasn't enjoyed a group performance of the modern Nishang Yuyi song. How to describe it? With the art of smoke and lighting, the stage, dozens of meters away from each other, seemed like the entrance to a fairyland - fairy music, beautiful women, like a dream, like the real thing!
Now Yuan Yuan is dancing the legendary solo dance on the stage, and it is said that the Nishang Yuyi Dance was originally a solo dance, and Yang Guifei was the best at this dance. According to legend, when Emperor Li Longji of Tang Xuanzong dreamed of traveling to the Moon Palace, he heard fairy music playing in the sky, and the fairies wearing Neishang Yuyi danced. The song of the fairies was subtle and beautiful, and the dancing fairies danced in a graceful manner. When Li Longji woke up, he remembered the scene in his dream so vividly that he composed the "Nishang Yuyi Song" accordingly.
Tang Xuanzong made "Neishang Yuyi Qu", Yang Yuhuan can sing and dance a little bit of browsing, will be in accordance with the rhyme and dance, as if the heavenly maiden scattered flowers, ethereal magic. She has also written a poem: "The sleeves are moving fragrant, red lotus flowers look more professional in the autumn. The company's website has been updated with the latest information about the company's website, which is now available on the Internet.
Regrettably, after the Anshi Rebellion, the Nishang Yuyi song was lost, and in the middle of the Tang Dynasty, it was already forgotten by the world. With the decline and collapse of the Tang Dynasty, a generation of famous music is "silent not passed on". During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Li Yu, the later lord of the Southern Tang Dynasty, accidentally found the remnants of the score and the Empress Zhou Ehuang, with her own musical talent, and the musician Cao Sheng, according to the score to find the sound, patch into a song, and once organized the rehearsal, restored the lost 200 years of the "Nishang Yuyi Song". This is a great miracle in the history of music, but also lost the original flavor of the Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei **** creation of the glory of the year.
This time round jumping is not the restoration of the "Nishang Yuyi Qu", but by the Tang Xuanzong and her *** with the creation of the splendor of the "graceful seems not to be any Luoqi, Gu listen to the music hanging rows to stop. Chime Xiao zheng flute hand in hand, hit press down play blowing sound meandering."