Legendary warriors of the Western Xia.
The Western Xia was highly Sinicized after its founding, and until its demise, it was as much a part of the Chinese culture as any other.
In 407 AD, China was in turmoil.
At that time, a generation of lords of martial arts excellence, Helian Huo, made himself the king of heaven, the great monarch.
In 418 A.D., Liu Yu, a general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, went on a Northern Expedition to destroy the Later Qin Dynasty, and was eager to return to the south to monopolize power. Helian Huo took advantage of the situation, captured Chang'an, claimed the throne at Ba (present-day Lantian County, Shaanxi), and established the Daxia Empire.
Subsequently, Helian Bohu built Tuanwang City and Tuanwang Palace in the northern part of the city, and carved a stone in the south of the city to show off his martial arts achievements.
Unfortunately, the good times did not last long.
More than twenty years later, Xianbei rose. The Tuojiao army was everywhere, and the Daxia Empire went up in smoke.
-- Now the area north of Yinzhou (present-day Yulin, Shaanxi) and east of Xiazhou (present-day Hengshan, Shaanxi) (equivalent to present-day Ordos, Inner Mongolia, and southeast of the area) is the territory of the ancient Empire of Daxia.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the Huang Chao war. Tuoba Sigong led the Xianbei and Qiang troops to fight with Huang Chao, and was given the family name.
As a result, Tuoba Sigong was transformed into Li Sigong, and was named Duke of Xia.
Under his command, the elite Xianbei army was called the Dingnan army, which governed the four states of Xia, Sui, Yu and Yin, i.e. the area south of Ordos in Ningxia, Gansu and Inner Mongolia now.
Since then, the Li family has been hereditary Duke of Xia, and is happy to see the rise and fall of the Sui and Tang dynasties, the wars of the Five Dynasties, and the rise of the Song and Liao dynasties.
In the blink of an eye, it was 1038.
At this time, the Duke of Xia was the famous Li Yuanhao.
In an effort to revitalize the nation, Li Yuanhao soon became the king of the Xia Kingdom, and named his country Daxia.
As a result, the Western Xia began a long border war against the Tubo, Song, and Liao empires.
Among them, the Battle of Sanchuankou, the Battle of Hao Shui Chuan, the Battle of Linfu Feng, and the Battle of Dingchuanzhai are the most famous.
Soon after the founding of the Western Xia, these three battles defeated tens of thousands of the Song Army's Northwest Army, especially in the Battle of Hequ, where the Western Xia defeated the Liao Empire's 100,000-strong army that the emperor had conquered in person.
As a result, the Xia Empire had thirteen states: Xia, Yin, Sui, Yu, Jing, Ling, Hui, Sheng, Gan, Liang, Gua, Sha, and Su, which roughly corresponded to the present-day Ningxia and Gansu, northern Shaanxi, eastern Qinghai, and southwestern Inner Mongolia.
The Daxia Empire became a power in the northern part of the country with Liao and Song.
It was called the Western Xia.
The political center of the ancient state of Xixia was in what is now Ningxia. Later, Mongolia to pacify and tranquilize the land of Xia, changing Zhongxingfu to Ningxia Road.
This is the origin of the place name Ningxia.
Xixia, an empire that disappeared into history, was an important branch of Chinese culture.
Time flies, and in a flash, it's 1205.
- Temujin united the tribes scattered across what is now Russia and Mongolia, and a Mongol Empire was emerging that was about to wreak unprecedented havoc on humanity.
At that time, Xixia and Song and Liao had finally achieved relative peace and stability after grinding through many border wars.
As the most important country on the ancient Silk Road, Xixia was a commercially developed and affluent city, where people practiced Chinese culture and were courteous and studious.
In addition, the Xixia military system from the North and South Dynasties of war Xianbei custom "all soldiers".
Although weaker than the Liao and Song dynasties, but the Western Xia has its own powerful army. Such as infantry "foot lame", heavy cavalry "Iron Harrier", and later rose to the peak of the Jin Empire, not inferior.
The Xixia military formation, very unique, heavy cavalry in front, crossbows in the back, war is a heavy cavalry clash, if the enemy line is chaotic collapse of the crossbows following of the .
Economically prosperous and armed, the Western Xia did not realize the unprecedented disaster that was coming.
1205 was the twelfth year of the Tianqing period of the Western Xia and the first year of the Kaixi period of the Song Empire.
It was also the year that Cervantes' Don Quixote was most enamored of.
On the ground in Europe, the wind was calm, the feudal monarchs and the Pope sawing and playing, with fortresses, manors, knights, and rangers in small fights, embellished with idyllic poetry on the eve of the Renaissance.
Similarly, in southern China, while the Song-Jin War continued to erupt, the war was more of an event of occasion.
The Jin-Song wars were less hysterical than in the early days, as the Jurchen had long been intermingling with their native cultures in northern China.
The war did not affect the Song empire, which had been undergoing the revival of Emperor Gaozong and the "Rule of Qianchun" since the Jingkang Rebellion.
At this time, the Song Empire was at the peak of Chinese civilization in finance, technology, industry, shipping, literature, and the arts.
As the historian Chen Yinke argued, at that time, the culture of the Chinese nation was at its peak.
Of course, the Western Xia, located on the Silk Road, bore the brunt of the enemy from the distant Mongolian plateau.
Now Chinese historians always like to play with some of the past, the Temujin western conquests, southern invasion of the past, always love to Temujin each killing, looking for, stacking "justice" footnote.
Temujin South invasion of Western Xia beautiful excuse, is the Western Xia took in his enemy Wang Khan's son Sang Kun.
According to history, the Mongolian ministries of fire, traditionally known as barbaric, bloody.
The most powerful of the Mongolian ministries, the Keri ministry, was neighboring Xixia, and the Keri ministry supplied Xixia with horses - the two countries had been trading for a long time, so naturally they had a lot of affection for each other.
Xixia was a major power on the Silk Road at the time.
A map of the Western Xia's territory during its heyday.
In the firefight, Temujin stole, killed, and distributed disintegrated the Keli Ministry, and Wang Khan fled westward to be killed by mistake in the territory of the Naiwan Ministry.
Wang Khan's eldest son, Sang Kun, fled through Xixia, and then to Quxian (now Xinjiang Kuche), was killed by the local magnates.
After this chopping and killing outside the root and branch action, the Mongolian ministries of the most powerful, but also used to support the rise of Temujin Keli Department, disappeared.
Back then, the Naiwan ministry also flourished for a while, rumor has it that Naiwan believed in Christianity, and there are many stories of the Christian King of the East, John the Elder.
In the end, this country was also destroyed in the Mongolian military campaign to eliminate and kill Wang Khan and Sang Kun.
The Mongolian extermination of the Naiwan tribe, the reason why Temujin eagerly invaded the south, militarily, nothing more than want to constitute a strategic pincer movement against the Jin Empire.
The gold empire's jewelry, gold, beautiful women, food, as well as affluent and prosperous, densely populated Beijing, the vast expanse of northern China, on the Mongols are not able to resist the reason.
Like a hungry wolf facing a piece of fat meat.
It was the Golden Empire that was the most coveted strategic target for the Mongols.
With Temujin's brutality and cunning, he naturally had many reasons to invade the Golden Empire. However, before Mongolia is not yet completely strong, Mongolia frontal invasion, is by no means the largest empire in the East of the Golden Empire's rival.
Genghis Khan was in no hurry to take action against the Golden Empire, turned to invade Xixia, in fact, is Mongolia's first strategic preparatory action to invade the Golden Empire.
The Mongol Khanate was only in its infancy, and did not directly challenge the strength of the Golden Empire, according to Temujin's rapid rise to war, he needed to plunder the wealth and population through war.
At the same time, the Mongolian tribes are full of contradictions, Temujin need to have an enemy, a war to resolve these conflicts.
Western Xia was located in the western part of the Golden Empire, on the Silk Road, and was rich, needless to say.
Western Xia has only the defense of the city, the country does not have the Great Wall strategic protection, suitable for the Mongolian cavalry to go straight, gallop across, directly hit the Western Xia hinterland.
At the strategic level, Mongolia's conquest of Xixia, they can get the population of Xixia, materials and other war resources, but also by the Great Wall of the western part of the Jin defense gap, bypassing the long drive into the attack on the hinterland of the Jin Empire.
The country is located in the western end of the Great Wall, the first conquest of Xixia, can be from the western end of the Great Wall and Xixia east of the gap in the attack on the State of Jin, so that not only avoid the Great Wall of defense, but also to ensure the security of the flanks, a two-for-one solution.
From this, Temujin developed a war to war, drag down the Western Xia's southern invasion strategy.
The situation of the northern states before the rise of Temujin. The ancient Mongols were far away from China before the annexation of the Keres by Temujin.
This year, in the warmth of spring, the Mongolian iron horsemen circled around the north of the desert and killed the border of Western Xia.
The first southern invasion of Xixia, Temujin did not have the intention of a large group of decisive battle, his cavalry attacked the melon (now Gansu Anxi), sand (now Gansu Dunhuang) and other states.
This attack, as the Mongol army ran the route, Hundreds of people Xi Huafeng, still polite and good of the Western Xia monarchs and officials, military and civilian, encountered outside of their cognizance of the unprecedented tragedy, cruelty and massacre cases.
The massacres came one after another, and for a time, when it comes to the Meng army, the Western Xia dynasty and the countryside are talking about the color of change.
After plundering enough wealth, captured enough women, artisans, Temujin soon went away.
The northwestern border of Xixia was shattered and covered with corpses.
In this year, Huanzong of Xixia was angry, frightened, and anxious about the threat from the north. He was determined to resist the Mongols and revitalize the Xixia.
In this year, Huanzong changed the capital city of Xingqingfu to Zhongxingfu.
1207, which is of great humanistic value to the history of the world, especially to the history of human civilization.
It was the year when Henry III had been born.
In fact, Henry III had nothing to show for the wisdom, greatness, martial prowess, and unity that we are accustomed to in saints and emperors.
However, after Henry III ascended the throne, his Kingdom of England, there is a new political model.
Nobles, monks, knights, and citizens attended meetings to discuss national issues - a symbol of modern civilization in the history of mankind, the Parliament, which came into being.
The Kingdom of England realized a constitutional monarchy in 1207, more than 600 years before Japan, now the most developed country in Asia, did so.
In that year, Asia was abandoned by history, and war filled the Far East.
The Western Xia, which had spent a year in fear in the shadow of the Mongol massacre, was once again invaded by the Mongol army.
With the first invasion, Temujin's second army of Western Xia, pushed the Western Xia border town of Woodrughai City.
Temujin let a shepherd into the city, and declared to the Western Xia army and people:
The Mongol army for the city that does not surrender, after the city is broken, will be slaughtered in the city .
The soldiers and civilians were horrified, thinking of the massacre of the Meng army, and decided to open the door to surrender.
As for the Mongolian army whether to forgive these trembling Xixia soldiers and civilians, the history books did not record - after the occupation of the Mongolian army Woodruff Hai City, the city disappeared, naturally, has not been able to prove.
This southern invasion, Temujin is not eager to destroy the Western Xia, but to hold the war to raise the war, looting-based approach.
Unearthed murals of Western Xia.
Mongolia Yuan "Shengwu pro-conquest record", Manchu Qing Dynasty "Xixia book of events" records:
Mongolia in the city of good Luo children, four out of the invasion and plundering, the security of the set of the right side of the road to the soldiers to refuse.
Mongolian masters see Xia's military strength is still strong, do not dare to enter, more than five months, the food is scarce to lead back.
It can be seen, this southern invasion, the Mongolian army, although the field of battle is strong, but the overall still do not have the strength of the main battle with the Western Xia.
Pillage empty, killing everywhere, after the Western Xia soldiers and civilians in the horror, fear of the eyes, Temujin rate swaggering away.
In the blink of an eye, it was 1209.
In the Kingdom of England, a group of scholars in conflict with the citizens of Oxford decided, in a fit of rage, to leave Oxford.
So they came to Cambridge and founded the University of Cambridge.
This was the birth of a university that to this day stands proudly in the world of academia.
By 2010, the university had produced 97 Nobel Prize winners and was ranked first in the world by QS in 2010.
- To familiarize oneself with history by following the rules is just to remember it clearly.
Being able to search for the historical trajectory of independent contemplation, awakening even a person a little awake, and thus introspective. It seems to be the purpose of reading history.
Gossip.
This year, not surprisingly, history has also forgotten Asia.
At that time, the ancient civilized empire of Daxia, within the borders of modern China, was once again invaded by the Mongols from the far north.
Temujin's third invasion of Xixia was Mongolia's first major war on the "international stage".
Historically, the fighting strength of the Mongol army has been marveled at by many who have read the boastful history books of the Mongols.
However, the reason why the Mongol army is invincible is threefold:
First, the Mongol army at that time was massively and legally using the signet charge. At the same time, depending on the circumstances of the war, the Mongols could legally carry out mass killings to deter their opponents.
- At that time, it had been hundreds of years since the East and West experienced the last mass killings and wars, and both East and West civilizations were steadily developing.
Suddenly, unheard of, rare in the world without the bottom line of human decency, the method of warfare, killing, combat opponents of the military and civilian mental subversion, can be imagined.
Oak believes that there is no bottom line of war, which is the main reason why the Mongolian army is so powerful.
Second, the Mongol Empire, since its inception, has occupied a favorable position overlooking the Silk Road, and has been able to dominate and impact the countries of the eastern section of the long Silk Road.
The eastern and western ends of the Silk Road were lined with powerful countries.
On the other hand, in the various sections of the Silk Road, many tribes and small countries were founded on the Silk Road trade, and while they were rich, they were underpowered.
Ancient history of the Silk Road in the legend of many prosperous commercial cities, more destroyed in the invasion of the Mongol Army, and even some famous city disappeared, so far the city of Hope can not be examined.
Mongolia relies on powerful maneuvering, free round-trip, by harassing, robbing and then swallowing these small countries, tribes, wealth unprecedented upsurge, laid the Mongolian army invasion on all sides of the endless military expenses.
Oak believes that this is the reason why the Mongolian army can launch a war of aggression in successive years of the material basis.
Third, Mongolia was rich in warhorses, in the absence of hot weapons, are spelled watermelon knife cold weapons era, the strength of the Mongolian army, can be imagined.
The war horse is not only carrying a rider, but also carrying the Mongols crooked war efficiency.
With the conquest of Gaochang, Xixia, Khorezm, and many more Silk Road states and tribes, the Mongols were able to quickly contain the Silk Road in terms of military strategy.
In this way, Mongolia monopolized the trade between East and West, seized and plundered astronomical wealth, and possessed inexhaustible war resources and military expenses.
At the same time, unintentionally, Mongolia monopolized the most advanced technologies exchanged by the Silk Road between the East and the West.
They used the advanced technology of the East to fight the West, and then they used the advanced technology of the West to fight the East.
This is the fundamental reason why the Mongol army was invincible and got stronger and stronger.
Mongolia's destruction of Xia.
Before launching the third invasion of Western Xia, Temujin conquered another important trading nation on the Silk Road, the Gaochang Huifeng, in Mongolia.
The entry of the Mongols into Gaochang not only brought them great wealth, but also deprived the Western Xia of a strategic buffer between the Mongols and the Xia in the western part of the river.
By this time, Temujin was ambitious enough to call himself Genghis Khan.
On the Enen River in modern Russia and Mongolia, the Mongol chieftains, as well as the neighboring states and tribes that the Mongols had conquered, worshipped at the feet of Temujin.
In just a few years, Temujin had more than 100,000 soldiers, conquered millions of square kilometers, and became the biggest tyrant of his time.
This mob, ambitious, never-ending.
Temujin with the plunder of the astronomical wealth to reward, treat the Mongolian army, once again inspired the highest morale of the Mongolian army.
This time, he personally led all the elite Xuexue army, as well as 30,000 Mongolian elite, to launch an all-out aggression against the Western Xia.
At that time, after two inexplicable invasions by the Mongols, the Xixia royal family and generals were resentful.
Learning that the Mongols had invaded the country, Xiangzong's son, Li Chengzhen, was the first to take command, and was assisted by his advisor, Xianbei Blackmail, and the famous Xixia general, Gao Yi, who led 50,000 of his elite infantry, the "foot cripples", and the heavy cavalry, the "Iron Harriers", to meet the enemy head-on in a field battle.
This was the first recorded battle between the Mongol Empire and the Western Xia Empire.
War is just hunting, and killing is just shooting eagles.
- These numbing, cold-blooded ideas of war in the Cold War era, as well as the stimulation of wealth and women, how the Mongolian army's fighting strength swelled can be imagined.
When the Mongol army went to war, the soldiers usually had three or five self-provided war horses. At the same time, every Mongolian soldier, almost always carry slaves with them. Three or five, or even more than ten.
These slaves are mostly from the Mongolian army foreign invasion captives. Usually, they are driven to do chores, and in wartime, they are forced to be forced by the Mongolian army under the butcher knife, charging forward, and bear the responsibility of consuming the enemy army "sign army".
This 30,000 elite Meng army, at least has about 100,000 horses, and more than 100,000 "sign army". In this way, although there are only 30,000 Meng army, its momentum can also be imagined.
The first wave of enemies encountered by the main force of the Western Xia, is divided into two flanks feinting encirclement of the Mongolian cavalry - a limited number of Western Xia horsemen "Iron Harrier" is not the opponent.
Arrows like locusts, like a rainstorm, the limited mobility of Western Xia heavy cavalry into passive.
The wind and sand outside of the city was so thick, and the Mongolian army was so mixed up, that it was almost impossible for the Western Xia army to recognize the target of the attack and the battle, as it was the first time they had seen such an army.
Soon, with the "foot lame", "iron harrier" as the core, and the Liao Song Jin long undefeated Western Xia elite, because they are not used to a new battlefield combat, in an irreversible defeat.
This is the Western Xia since the founding of the many battles, a very sad scene.
Li Chengzhen, the son of the Western Xia Emperor, who inherited the spirit of the Chinese military aristocracy of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, refused to retreat, led his troops to and from the raid, and died from the arrows.
Similarly, Gao Yi, the deputy commander of the Western Xia, was wounded and captured in the final assault.
In the end, Gao Yi refused to lead the way for the Mongols to raid the Western Xia border town of Hanxianluo, and died without giving in.
This battle, the first elite of the Western Xia Empire, this battle, all martyred.
Afterwards, Temujin commanded the Mongolian army to sweep towards Hanhualuo city, where the Western Xia Tai Fu Xianbei Blackmail is stationed.
Nowadays, it is not possible to trace the city of Hanhualuo, which flourished on the Silk Road.
Subsequently, after the Mongol-Yuan revision of the history of the conquered peoples by the literati of the Khitans and the Han Chinese, the information on the Mongol army's raid on the city, as well as other similar information, is likewise sporadic.
The Western Xia army of the movie and TV series.
The sporadic information can also be clearly found that the first echelon of the Meng army to attack the city was the signing army, which was the civilian population of the Xixia, Gaochang, and other conquered tribes and small countries that had been captured for a long time.
This is also the first time since the founding of the Western Xia, civil-military collaboration to defend the city of the war - usually, civil-military collaboration to defend the city, are faced with a desperate choice.
The attack and defense were particularly gruesome, and the Mongolian army suffered great casualties.
However, the Mongols were quickly supported by 20,000 elite Mongol and Western coalition troops.
After several fierce attacks, the city of Hanchaluo fell, and the Xixia master, Xianbei Blackmail, was captured.
Subsequently, the Mongolian army, with its superb maneuverability, attacked the northern gateway of Zhongxingfu in two pincers before the report of the Western Xia's defeat reached Zhongxingfu.
The western foot of the Helan Mountains, Keyi Gate. As the name suggests, this fortress naturally has the meaning of Western Xia to overcome the Northern Barbarians.
Keyimen pass outside the two mountains facing each other, only a path can be passed, the terrain is precipitous, hanging by no means can be climbed.
The geographical constraints of the K'yimen also made it impossible for the Mongols to take advantage of the strength of their troops, so they had to face the attack.
The garrison here is 50,000 Western Xia elites under the command of Wiman Linggong.
Wiman Linggong, a famous general of the Xixia royal family, is a famous general in Chinese history who fought against the Mongols in a tragic way.
Wyoming Linggong came down from Shanzaka and defeated him, as recorded in the Western Xia Shushi (西夏书事).
Between two months, by virtue of the location, the Western Xia army is not based on the pass defense, frequently out of the pass from Shanzaka chi down defeated the Mongolian army - this side of the so-called Mongolian elite cavalry, the front of the battle force is not a myth.
To the Mongolian Yuan "Shengwu pro-conquest record", Manchu "Western Xia book" records, later, Temujin multiplied by the summer army slack, according to the risk of setting up ambush, sent troops into the ambush of Wiman, Wiman Linggong led the army to attack, ambush was captured.
In short, two months, Western Xia still lost the capital gateway.
The Meng army was like a wild tide, almost with the strength of the whole country to Chung Hsing Fu.
This was the first battle recorded in history in which the Mongol army laid siege to a major city in ancient China.
In the first batch of Western think tanks, craftsmen with advice and assistance, the Mongolian army massively used ladders, siege cars, crossbows and other extremely advanced weapons at the time.
The attack was like a shock wave.
Western Xia operated for many years, the city of Zhongxingfu solid as a reef in the angry sea.
An excavated mural depicting the Dangshang people.
Xiangzong Li Xian, who was described in Mongol and Mongol-Yuan history as incompetent and drunk, was in fact a man of honor.
When the Mongol army was besieging the city, Li Xian personally carried his sword to the city wall and commanded the enemy.
After the bloody battle, he wrote to his sovereign, the Jin Empire, to seek help.
At this time, although the Mongolian Empire is very strong, after all, the country has not been established for a long time.
If the Jin army to a brigade of divisions to cut off the return of the Mongolian army, the so-called military god Temujin, I am afraid that has long been captured.
Unfortunately, looking at the past and present, a lot of tragic history, a few exceptions, mostly to the rats to fulfill.
Receiving the Western Xia request for help, the Jin empire ministers and military generals have to lips and teeth to advise out of the army.
Unfortunately, the history of the bearded, frugal, not good at decorating Jin master Wanyan Yongji, is the most favorite smart, but no insight into the mediocrity of the Lord.
In his view, the Mongolian army invasion of summer, but is enemy attack, the blessing of our country, why suffer good thing.
The Xixia courtiers, who were looking forward to the support of the Jin army day and night, heard that the Jin Empire was reluctant to send troops, and they wept with resentment.
- The history of the Song Empire's rejection of the Jin Empire's pleas for help, and its destruction by the Mongols instead, has been lamented.
In fact, the Song Empire was just following the same path as the Jin Empire.
The rats of the times made the "pride of a generation" complete.
This is true both in the past and in the present.
Otherwise, who can not explain, why the so-called "pride" and a line of "golden family" entrenched in China, and finally, in a monk led by a group of peasants under the blow, it will hold the head of the rats, almost extinct.
Assuming that Yelu A Baoji, Zhao Kuangyin, Wanyan A Bone, Li Yuanhao, and so on any one person living at that time, I am afraid that ten generation of heavenly pride stacked together, but also can not be mixed with what the hall of fame.
Unfortunately, history is not hypothetical.
But history has a way of working itself out.
Wanyan Yongji, whom Temujin regarded as a model of quackery and cowardice, eventually became a victim of the Mongol invasion. In this way, the Jin Empire in Northern China was plunged into a hell on earth.
Sad.
Genghis Khan Square group sculpture. Ordos, the historic border city of the Xia Empire. Today there is no trace of the Western Xia.
The ruins of the ancient city of Lingzhou.
Inside the city of Zhenxingfu, the Xixia soldiers and civilians were aware of the tyranny of the Mongol army, and were determined to make a last stand.
In the Western Xia army and people under the stubborn resistance, only the rise of the Mongolian Empire can not afford the heavy casualties - at that time, heavy rain, the smart Temujin plan, he remembered the water attack.
Self-appointed well-versed in the art of war, Temujin military god, ordered the dam to attract the Yellow River water, flooding Zhongxingfu.
Unexpectedly, things do not go as planned.
In the yellow water rolling, directly hit the Zhongxingfu, Western Xia army and people are wailing, Temujin is smiling when the Mongols roughly made things like a dam washed by the river, collapsed.
The yellow water rolled, turned and attacked the Mongolian army directly.
Always so fond of the clever Mongols water pouring into themselves, is ultimately a joke in military history.
This should have been an opportunity to win.
Unfortunately, the Western Xia Zhongxingfu was besieged for a long time, the army lacked the strength to fight, and had to watch the Mongolian army relief and rescue, fleeing in distress.
The Mongolian army has retreated to the Kayi Gate, and still maintains a strategic pressure on Zhongxingfu.
At this time, the Western Xia sought the news of the failed attempts of the Jin army reinforcements, Temujin rejoiced, wrote a letter to persuade the Western Xia to surrender, claiming that the Jin empire belongs to the feud, and the Western Xia, but the brotherhood of the mustache, willing to forever goodwill, **** with the attack on the Jin state.
Ancient China's Liao, Song, Jin, Xia four countries era, outside of Liao, Xixia is also full of ancient China's ancient military aristocratic spirit of the ancient country.
Temujin good words, Xixia remembered the gold empire breach of contract, but also resentfully agreed to submit to Mongolia.
Xi Xia Xiangzong Li Xian gave up his daughter and paid tribute to the Mongols with his wealth and livestock, pleading with the Mongols to release Wiman Ronggong and Xibi Blackmail.
In this way, Xiangzong Li was not a mediocre ruler, but a righteous man to his country, to his generals, and to his ministers.
The signing of the peace treaty between Mongolia and Xia was a success, and the Mongolian army went away with a happy harvest.
On this Mengxia peace treaty, Yuan-Mongolian official history records that Western Xia was flooded, in a hurry to seek peace.
And more proof, Meng Xia peace treaty is indeed after the flooding of the Mongolian army, Temujin wrote a letter to persuade the surrender, the two sides negotiated and signed.
Before and after the reversal of the two records, quite interesting.
In addition, Meng Xia peace treaty has a far-reaching impact on China, and even on the world history of the provisions, that is, the Western Xia "attached to the Mongolian Jin" provisions.
In this way, the Jin Empire and the Western Xia eighty years of peace was buried in one day.
Lu You, the iconic poet of Southern Song culture.
In 1210, the Mengxia peace treaty was signed, and the short-lived peace in northwestern China continued to breed greater war and disaster.
In this year, an earthquake erupted in the seismic zone around the Bohai Sea, hitting the center of the capital, shaking the Jin empire, and the military and civilians marveled at the change of the sky.
After the winter, the Eastern Empire, which dominated Northern China, was finally on the northern border, and was finally attacked by a small group of troops from the Mongolian army.
It was also in this year, more distant south of ancient China, an oak tree very respect the poet in front of his death bed, wrote the sad poem that I and you are familiar with:
dead Yuan know all things are empty,
but sad not see the same nine states.
The king's division was in the middle of the country,
The family sacrifices are not forgotten.
However, Lu You didn't realize that his ideal of the king's division settling the Central Plains in the north was actually the last bloody nightmare of the Southern Song Dynasty.
Twenty-four years later, the King's Division of the Southern Song Dynasty attacked in conjunction with the Mongolian Iron Cavalry, attacking from the north and the south, destroying the Jin Empire, and realizing the King's Division's Northern Settlement of the Central Plains.
However, without the strategic buffer of the Jin Empire, the Southern Song Dynasty was directly exposed to the edge of the most tyrannical military empire in history, the Mongol Empire.
Then, just 45 years later, the highly civilized Southern Song empire repeated the mistakes of the Western Xia and Jin empires.
That year, under the siege of a super army composed of countless countries and tribes on the Eurasian continent by the Mongols, the Southern Song rulers and ministers, soldiers and people fought against the strong with the weak, and under the repeated defeats, they ended up in the sea at Mt. Yashan, which was the saddest scene in the history of China. ......
The history is pale as it is.
See here, hard work.