Do you have to start writing a screenplay by introducing all the tasks that appear in the play?

First of all, let's be clear that a screenplay is different from any other form of literature. I often see friends who write screenplays as novels or biographies, which is wrong, or at least unprofessional. Scripts have their own format, and writing a script is in some ways a technical job. Let's take a look at the common mistakes in script writing: 1: Writing a screenplay as a novel Just mentioned above that some of my friends have written their screenplays as novels, not that it's not okay, but that one is a literary screenplay, and it can't be used to guide the filming and production at all. For example, you can spend a few pages in a novel to write about a person's life, background, family composition, or use a few pages to describe the protagonist's psychological struggle process, but these things can not be expressed on the movie screen. Your script is a screen, and what you want to show is what can be seen and felt directly by the audience on the movie screen. Things like mental activity can't be shown well. Add narration? Sure, unless you can stand the main character's off-screen voice reading pages of a novel in a motionless shot. Movie *frames* express emotions, and your script is movie footage to be written through the camera's point of view, which can cause a second problem. 2: Unnecessary Camera Labeling If you write your script like this: in elevation 5, with a panner for a liter 70 camera with a 60mm lens, panning from 8.5m to 2m to focus ............ If you write it like this, even if it passes the reviewer's hurdle, your script will also be thrown out by the director. You don't need to teach him how to shoot, it's not your business. You don't have to worry about the camera at all when you're writing a script. But isn't it the case that you don't need to think about the camera if it's not a script? Not really, you need to think about the camera in relation to the camera and not the position. Scripts have their own specialized camera terms, and using them more often can make your script professional, or at least look professional. 1. Angle on Angle on: For example, BILL walks out of a convenience store, and the camera is pointed at BILL. 2. Favoring Main performance: BILL is in a big square with a lot of people, but the main performance is BILL. 3. Another angle Another angle: A different angle of the camera shows that BILL is having fun in the big square. 4. 4. Wilder angle wider angle: first show BILL drinking coke in a corner of the square, then the camera pulls away to show the square where BILL is. 5. New angle: a new angle to show BILL drinking coke, so that the camera is rich. 6. POV point of view: look at things from BILL's point of view. It is the first person point of view. 7. Reverse angle: BILL and SALLY dance together, first shoot BILL see SALLY, then shoot SALLY see BILL, usually two POV reverse each other. 8. Over shoulder angle: the camera crosses over BILL's shoulder to see SALLY, BILL's shoulder can divide the picture naturally, a very common type. 9. Moving shot sports lens: including follow shooting, shifting, following and so on, anyway, the camera is moving, as for the specific how to move, is not now considering the problem. 10.Two shot double shot: BILL and SALLY in the side of a drink of coke while talking, this kind of lens camera do not move freely, to prevent the "axis". BILL and SALLY two people together with an axis, the camera can only be in the axis of the side of the movement, if you cross the axis, in the picture BILL and SALLY's position will be left and right swap, caused by the audience's visual logic of confusion. 11.Close shot Close up: emphasize the beautiful eyes of SALLY, but generally less used for good. 12. Insert insert shot: something close up, such as the color of the day is late, SALLY asked BILL what time, BILL raised his hand, then you can take a close-up of BILL's watch, of course, you can also use such shots to change the scene, such as BILL removed the watch when the camera to see the night of the ball. The above is the script of the camera description format, see an example to understand. This is the specific writing format: the scene description should be bold, the time and place should be bold, to the left The sound effects appearing in the scene should be marked in bold The name of the character appearing for the first time should be in bold in the center The character's dialogue should be in the center, with space on both sides, and the dialogues of the different characters should be on a separate line Mark the relationship of the camera Mark the switch of the scene, the "cut to" is the hard cut, the "to" is the hard cut, the "to" is the hard cut, the "to" is the hard cut, and the "to" is the hard cut. "If there are any special effects, they should also be marked in bold. This is what I learned when I took a screenwriting course in college. I remember my tutor told us, "If you want to write a good screenplay, you have to know the basics and theories of screenwriting, and understand the laws of the movie. Today, as one of them, I have the honor to share with you what I know about screenplay theory, and I hope you will bear with me if there are any mistakes or omissions. Simply put, to write a good story, first of all, you have to conceptualize the direction of your story, character relationships, plot climax, thematic ideas, etc. ...... Hollywood in the United States has a set of screenwriting laws: that is, the beginning, set up contradictions, resolve contradictions, and then set up contradictions, until the end. China also has its own screenwriting laws: start, carry on, turn, and merge. In the following text, I will categorize the basic and important elements of writing a screenplay in detail, and will give examples to illustrate. < Section 1 > Basic Theory of Screenwriting: Attitude, Theme << Attitude >> The most important thing in writing a story is the attitude toward the story, and different attitudes will produce different results. To take a simple example, the same is to write a story about a woman in a greenhouse, if the author is to a obscene, pornographic attitude to write, the story naturally focuses on the part of love between men and women. On the contrary, if the author is to a sympathetic, respectful attitude to write, the story will focus on the description of the women forced to sell their bodies, the body can not help but poor, helpless ...... <<Theme (Theme)>> In the pen to write the story before you must ask yourself: what kind of a story you want to tell? Is it the friendship between friends (such as the movie midnight cowboy - midnight cow boy), love between men and women (Titanic - Titanic), alien invasion of the Earth's story (Tiansha Earth Strike Back), or an accusation of war story (killing field - platon) and so on. platon), etc. This is the theme. The theme must be very clear, followed through, and unquestioned. You can't write a set of war clips that at one point cast doubt on war and at another point glorify it. A theme is a compass that guides you through the story, and through the loose ends. And most importantly, it prevents you from straying from the main path in your writing. For example, Emperor Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty was a beast who killed his brother and father to take over the throne and raped his brother's wife. However, in the Yongzheng Dynasty (an early TV series broadcast on ATV), the author wrote Yongzheng as a good emperor. Because the author's theme is to write a good emperor, so in the story will only see Yongzheng sleepless nights to criticize the newspaper, inspection of farmers, tax cuts, the implementation of good governance and other scenes, and not kill his brother, kill his father and other scenes. Therefore, a successful set of scripts is one that allows the audience to clearly understand the ideas and themes that the author wants to express after reading it. < Section 2 > create character conflict Character conflict is a great way to attract an audience. This includes conflict between characters in a story, conflict between a character and his or her own values, and so on. For example, in the movie Falling Down, the protagonist has just finished a painful prison sentence, and when he gets out of prison, he is obsessed with doing what he wants to do, and he wants to do what he wants to do. When he gets out of prison, he is determined to see his wife again and live a normal life (Potogonist, something he wants to pursue). But his wife shuns him and disowns him, and the people around him discriminate against him because of his criminal record (Antogonist, the force that prevents him from achieving his goal). << Method 2: Unbreakable bonding >> A good show comes when there is a conflict between the characters and there is a knot that cannot be separated that pulls them together. To give a simple example, the hero's wife is a woman who is a woman of the third degree and gossip, while the hero's mother is a traditional woman who observes etiquette. Because of circumstances, the protagonist and his wife must move into the house with their mother. Imagine two people in total conflict: a daughter-in-law and a grandmother pulled together by an unbreakable bond. < Section 3 > Create dramatic tension << Method 1: Let your audience know something that the characters in the story don't know >> For example, if the protagonist breaks into an enemy base, and there's a gun sticking out of the darkness aiming at him (which the audience knows but the protagonist doesn't), and the enemy is about to shoot, the audience will be very happy for the protagonist, and the audience will be very happy for the protagonist, and the audience will be happy for the protagonist. about to shoot and the audience is worried for the protagonist. << Method 2: Make your audience feel that the character is going down the wrong path >> The protagonist's mother is sick, and he only has a hundred dollars to spend, so he goes to the casino to try his luck. Luckily, the protagonist keeps winning and has a few thousand dollars, which is enough for his medical expenses. However, he is so greedy that he does not know how to lose and continues to gamble, and as a result, he loses game after game (the audience knows that he is already on the wrong path). In the end, he even lost the one hundred dollars in his hand, and went so far as to ask the loan shark to borrow money (he attempted to achieve his goal in the wrong way). << Method 3: Deadline >> If there is a time limit on certain events in the story, or a time bomb, it can give the audience a sense of tension, and this tension can be maintained for a long time. In twelve hours, a meteorite will hit the earth, killing more than half of all life on the planet. (Movie - Meteorite Impact) The bus must maintain a speed of 120 km/h or the bomb on board will explode. (Movie--Speed of Life and Death) << Method 4: Turning Point (Turning Point)>> The use of a turning point can create an unexpected effect, arousing the audience's anticipation of the psychology, strengthening the tension of the plot, and thus sustaining the audience's interest in the story. Turning points are most often found in the first and second parts of a story. Turning points in the first part of the script are usually used to open the story and show the choices that the protagonist is going to face. In the latter part of the script, the turning point is used to point the protagonist to the resolution of the crisis and to wrap up the story. For example, in the famous movie Born on the fourth of July, the protagonist faces the first turning point at the beginning of the story: whether or not to join the Vietnam War. The protagonist finally chooses to join the war and goes to war. However, this is not always the case. During the war, the protagonist's legs are broken and he is wheelchair-bound for the rest of his life. The original patriotic protagonist changes his mind after experiencing multiple events. This leads to a very surprising turning point in the ending of the story, where he goes from being a main war activist to an anti-war activist, thus bringing out the theme of anti-war. < Section 4 > Other Techniques < < Planting (伏笔)>> I'm sure anyone who has written an essay will know what an ambush is! Planting an ambush can attract the audience to follow the plot. For example, in the movie Mind Tricks, the protagonist Tommy reveals early on that he has the ability to mimic people's signatures and behaviors (ambush), and by the time the story develops to the point where he kills the rich man Ditch, the audience has already figured out that the protagonist will impersonate Ditch by virtue of the ambush. << Payoff >> The so-called payoff is the object that best symbolizes the whole story. For example, in the movie "Apartment", the key to the door is a payoff, and in the famous movie "Schindler's List", the list of Jews is also a payoff. << montage >> There are two images, which are shown in the same way, this is montage. This is montage. For example, in the movie The Godfather, one side of the screen shows a church ceremony, such as a priest baptizing a child, praying to God, etc. But the other side of the screen goes to the ground. But on the other side, it shows the evil side of the Church, for example, the leader of the Church goes to the houses of those who oppose him and kills them in order to take over the power. Montage can also refer to a number of different and unrelated images, when they are cut together, another meaning will be created, in simple terms, such as the first frame in which one hand is pitching a ball, and the other frame is another hand to receive a ball, but the ball does not necessarily have to be the same, but when the two frames are together, it is a person who throws the ball to the other person, note that / if the middle of the addition of another If another picture is added in the middle, the meaning will be totally different! (Note: This montage of text explanation provided by the netizen "Bego") < Section V > Scripts three big taboos < < Writing a script into writing a novel > > Scriptwriting and novel writing are two completely different things, you should know that the purpose of writing a screenplay is to use the words to express a series of images, so you want to let the people who read the script to see the words and be able to real-time associated with a picture, bring them to a picture, so that they will be able to see a picture. So you want the person reading the script to see the words and be able to visualize a picture in real time, bringing them into the world of animation. Novels are different in that, in addition to the images, they include lyrical sentences, rhetorical devices, and descriptions of the inner world of the characters. These should not be in a script. Take a simple example, in the novel, there is this sentence: "Today the results of the HKCEE were released, students were waiting for the results nervously, Xiao Ming said goodbye to his parents and went to the school to collect the result notices. The teacher handed out the result slips and Xiao Ming thought to himself, "It would be bad if he fails this time. He was very worried and afraid that he would not know how to face his family after failing the exam ......' Imagine if the above sentences were written in a script, how would you tell the actors to look at it and express it with their actions. If you were to use a script to express the same meaning, it would have to be written as follows: "Inside the classroom, the students were sitting in their seats, looking at the teacher who was standing outside with a nervous expression on his face. The teacher is holding a stack of report cards in her hand. She looks at the one at the top of her face and calls out, "Da Xiong Chen! Daxiong immediately walked out to collect his report card. Xiao Ming was in a corner of the classroom, rubbing his hands together. He looked outside the classroom, and the scene gradually returned to that morning. Ming's parents had been sitting in the hall that morning. Ming had put on his uniform and was ready to go out, but when he looked at his father and mother and saw their serious faces, he didn't know what to say. Xiao Ming's father said, "will pass?" Xiaoming said, "It ...... will." "Chen Xiaoming!" The teacher's loud voice brought Xiao Ming back to reality from his memories. The teacher held Xiao Ming's report card in his hand and looked at him, Xiao Ming stayed for a while, before quickly walking out to collect ......』 <<Talking to deliver the plot>> There should not be too much dialog in the script (unless it is the need of the plot), otherwise the whole story will become incoherent, lack of action, and the audience will look as if they are listening to the script. The audience will look as if they are listening to a script being read, so boring. Realize that you are now writing in the language of the movie, not the language of literature. A script that is only suitable for reading but not for watching is not good. Therefore, a good movie script, the less dialogue, the stronger the sense of picture, the greater the power. The more powerful it is. As a simple example, if you write about a man on the phone, you'd better not have him sitting by the phone not moving, just talking. If the plot needs, you can let him stand up, or take a few steps with the phone, try to avoid the picture of dull and monotonous. <<Too many loose ends in the story>> Many people write scripts with too many loose ends, in which there are a lot of characters, interspersed with a lot of scenes, so that the story becomes complicated and the audience may not understand what the author is trying to express. Imagine if there are more than a dozen important roles in a movie scene, and there are many stories between the roles, you ask the audience in a short period of time that can remember each role so clearly. In fact, there is a motto in script writing: "Simple is the best! Think of all the good movies you have seen, are they all simple in plot? For example, the movie Titanic is just about a big ship sinking, and in the middle of the sinking, the hero and heroine fall in love. Other movies, too, are so simple that a short newspaper review can tell the story outline in just a few dozen words. But simplicity is always the hardest: "Simple is difficult."