Congning Primary School, Liang Hongjun
I. Teaching Objectives:
1. To read aloud the text emotionally, and tell the story of the "Lugou Bridge Incident" according to the chronological order.
2, can be tasted through the language of the text to appreciate the Japanese army's ambition, brutality, shameful end and our people and soldiers with the same enemy, against the Japanese invasion forces of valor.
3, can with the incident to recognize the Japanese invasion of crime, feel our military and civilian heroic patriotic behavior of respectable.
Second, the focus of teaching:
The text of the two-fifth natural paragraph, through the author of the performance of the enemy and the two sides of the description, to experience the nature of the Japanese invasion and shameful end, feel the unity of our people and military, resourcefulness and bravery.
Three teaching difficulties:
The event itself may be a difficult point in the cognition of students on the significance of China's war of resistance.
Four, the teaching process design:
One, direct introduction:
1This lesson we continue to learn - read the subject. July 7, 1937, for the Lugouqiao even China is extremely unusual day, why?
2Students recall what they learned in the first lesson: Because on this day a cannon sounded, the Lugouqiao Incident, which shocked the whole world, took place. The prelude to the anti-Japanese resistance was drawn.
3So why did the Japanese army start the Lugou Bridge Incident? We have already learned about it in the last lesson. Who will tell us about it? Read the first paragraph of the article together.
2. Study subsections 2-5 of the text.
(1) Teacher's guide: well, class, in this lesson let's go back to that unsettled night to witness the aggressive nature of Japanese imperialism.
(ii) Read paragraphs 2-5 freely. After reading tell your teacher how many times did the enemy forces engage our army***? How many times respectively?
(iii) The enemy and our army a **** had three encounters, let's look at the first encounter.
1 Silent reading 2 3 paragraphs, requirements: find the words that describe the enemy army, our army.
Enemy: Our army:
Armed with weapons and shouting questions
Sneaking around and refusing
Aggressively firing back
Planned for a long time, outnumbered by a large number of people
Infurious, retreating for the time being
①, let the students read the words that describe the enemy's and our armies separately.
②, guided reading.
(Finding out the words describing the enemy army and our army is to better understand the enemy's long-planned encroachment on the Lugou Bridge and our army's strict refusal to pave the way.)
2. Where can you see that the enemy army had been planning for a long time to invade the Lugou Bridge?
(Grasp the key words to understand that the enemy had been planning for a long time)
a. "Late at night, the stars were dim, and all the music was silent" Why did you choose this time? (People were already asleep for the sneak attack; it was dark and not easy to be detected.)
b. "Fully armed"? (That is, taking all the weapons and equipment, all that should be taken, indicating that the enemy is ready to fight at the first opportunity.)
c, "sneak in"? (Touching, it is dark and invisible, it is late at night. It shows that the enemy army is like a thief who doesn't want to be discovered. Being a thief.)
(Understand that "late at night, the stars are dim and all the music is silent," "heavily armed," and "sneaking in" are to show that the enemy troops wanted to invade the Lugou Bridge for a long time.)
d, learn "excuses to find soldiers", understand "have been planning for a long time".
Teacher: What was the enemy's excuse?
Student: A Japanese soldier was missing.
Teacher: Do you need to "come late at night, when the stars are dim, when all is quiet, when you are heavily armed, and when you are sneaking around" to find someone?
Student: No, it doesn't.
Teacher: Is it possible to lose soldiers in a well-disciplined enemy unit?
e. Learning the "attitude of looking for soldiers", understanding the "deliberate".
Teacher: What was the attitude of the Japanese army to find men?
Students: aggressive.
Teacher: what does this attitude indicate?
Student: the Japanese army wanted to enter the city, you open to enter, not open to enter.
Division: the attitude of the enemy soldiers looking for people also shows - (said the student) a long time of planning.
f, learning "search", understand "long planned".
Division: "aggressive" Japanese troops to Wanping City "search" is really "search"?
Student: no.
Teacher: late at night the enemy with good weapons and unreasonable search what do you want to do? (Let the students expand their imagination to say a word)
(spy on the military situation, to understand the Lugouqiao defenders of the real, to understand the Lugouqiao defenders of the equipment, etc.)
Teacher: "search" need to be "late at night, the stars are dim, all the music is silent, heavily armed, sneak to the "
Do you think it's a good idea to search?
Student: no.
Sensei: This also shows that the enemy is - (Sang said) planning for a long time.
g link to the later text of the annoyed, first to open fire, the dense machine gun bullets can also be seen that the Japanese army is prepared for a long time to plan.
3. Transition: in the face of the brutality of the aggressive enemy troops, our troops are how? Students read the words again.
From these words you have experienced what?
4 Did the defenders abandon the bridge and flee? (No.) Why do you say it was a temporary retreat?
Students: (1) There was a large number of casualties.
(2) Using the favorable terrain of the Lugou Bridge, maintaining strength is in order to put the outstretched fist and then tighten it, more
powerful retaliation against the Japanese invaders.
5, study four - five subsections, the second three encounters, to experience the Japanese invaders crazy, our army's bravery and resourcefulness.
Transition: in the face of the enemy's renewed attack, our army is how to respond to the war? And how did the Japanese invaders stubbornly resist?
①, free to read 4, 5 two subsections, with "﹏"划出写日寇的句子，用"!"划出写我军的句子，并简要写写你的收获。
②, students according to the requirements of self-study, write experience.
③, exchange:
Points: (1) the Japanese invaders' madness: "Japanese invaders suffered a loss,............ pounce" grasp "pounce" experience: imagine, use words to describe the Japanese invaders "pounce": the ground pounce. Experience reading.
(2) the Japanese invaders in distress: "in the smoke and fire ...... fleeing in distress", "the Japanese invaders were caught off guard ...... body across the bridge ", "beat the Japanese invaders ......". Experience reading.
(3) in the experience of reading on the basis of summarizing the words describing the Japanese invaders: people and horses, crying, fleeing in a state of confusion, caught off guard, head to the ground, corpses across the bridge, ghosts and wolves howling, holding their heads in their hands and rats scurrying
(4) the bravery of our army, resourcefulness, unity:
"Early defenses ... ...", "The valiant Chinese garrison ......", "That night ...... " --- to experience the emotional color contained in "quietly, advance". "Our reinforcements ......"
Experience reading aloud.
(5) in the experience of reading on the basis of summarizing the words describing our troops: the same enemy, rise up to fight back, shouting in unison, two sides of the attack
(6), listen to the song "The March of the Big Sword"
Students, let's revisit this fierce battle to seize the bridge read in roles in the fourth and fifth paragraphs
Transition: although the Lugou Bridge back into the hands of the Chinese army, but the
Three, using the citation method to learn 6---7 subsection
1, the teacher cited: the Japanese invaders ......, on the second day of the Lugouqiao Incident, the Chinese ****productivity party telegraphed the whole country, shouting: ...... ......
2. What effect did the ****production party's outcry have? Cite: the whole country acted quickly ............
3, can you use some words to describe the feeling in your reading just now? Produced, in the face of the invaders, in the face of the ****production party's outcry, the Chinese people and the army united, the same enemy, the will of the people, work together, ............
4, read the above words, triggered by the significance of the Lugouqiao Incident:
< p>(1) teacher cited: the Lugou Bridge Incident opened ............. From then on,.............(2) What does "prologue" mean?
(3) How do you understand this "comprehensive?" On the basis of the students' talk, the teacher makes appropriate points.
(4) Summarize: The fire of the war was ignited by the beacon at Lugouqiao, and the stone lions on Lugouqiao witnessed this history. In the same Chinese, the same love for the motherland this red thread of connection, the fire of the war of resistance soon burned all over the motherland. It took eight years of arduous struggle before Chinese soldiers and civilians drove the Japanese invaders out of Chinese territory.
Four, sublimation of understanding:
Students, by the Lugouqiao beacon, by the Japanese invaders of the brutal, unbeatable, what do you want to say?
Fifth, set homework: