Folk dance (folk dance) refers to the dance forms that are produced and passed down in the folk, subject to folk culture, improvised but relatively stable in style, and with self-entertainment as the main function. Folk dances of different regions, countries and nationalities have obvious differences in performing skills and styles due to the influence of living environment, customs, lifestyle, national character, cultural traditions, religious beliefs and other factors as well as physiological conditions such as the age and gender of the performers. Folk dance is characterized by simplicity, variety, rich content and vivid image, and has always been an indispensable source of material for the creation of classical dance, court dance and professional dance in various countries.
Classical dance
Classical dance (classical dance) refers to the political and cultural background of each region, country or nation, with a long history, unique style and obvious traces of creation of traditional dance. Different regions, countries and nationalities often have some of the same or similar characteristics of classical dance, such as standardized techniques, programmed performance techniques, strict training system, relatively stable aesthetic standards and so on. The European ballet, the dance performance in Chinese traditional opera art, and the Sanghayang dance, Legon dance, Banyan dance, Zak dance, Gergyer dance, and Baris dance of Bali, Indonesia belong to the category of classical dance. Changes in time, real life and aesthetic concepts, and other factors may have an impact on the evolution and development of classical dance.
Ballet
Ballet (ballet) French translation. Specifically refers to a certain action norms, skills and aesthetic requirements of the European classical dance form; or general refers to the human body movements, gestures to express the content of the drama, to promote the development of the plot, as well as to express a certain mood, mood, psychological state and behavior of the dance performance form. The former is sometimes translated as "ballet"; the latter is sometimes translated as "dance drama".Ballet word originated from the ancient Latin ballo, the original meaning for the public to jump a certain style of dance, and no theater performance meaning. Ballet as a stage art form, began in the Renaissance Italian court in the grand feast entertainment. Later by the Princess of Florence - Medici Catherine brought this dance form into the French court. 1581, the French court dancers performed the first ballet "Queen's Comedy Ballet" in Europe caused great repercussions, the court of various countries have to follow suit, and the ballet as a model form of court entertainment. 1661. King Louis XIV of France in Paris after the establishment of the Royal Academy of Dance, and in 1669 authorized the establishment of the Opera House in Paris, since the end of the "court ballet" of the golden age. After ballet entered the theater, it went through the stages of "comedy ballet" and "opera ballet". in the middle of the 18th century, "lover's dance" and related theories were perfected, and ballet changed completely from being dependent on the theater. In the mid-18th century, the "lover's dance" and related theories were perfected, and the ballet completely changed its position of being dependent on drama and opera and performing only interludes between scenes, and developed into a theater art form with serious social significance by promoting the development of the plot with dance and music. the early 19th century was another golden age in the history of the development of the ballet, with major breakthroughs in the content and subject matter, techniques and performances as well as in performance forms, etc. The toe-dancing technique gradually became the most popular among female performers. Pointe technique gradually became the main means of performance for actresses, and a set of systematic and scientific training methods were accumulated. Influenced by the Romantic cultural trend, the development of ballet in European countries paid more attention to the embodiment of the national spirit and temperament, and formed different styles of ballet schools, such as the Italian school, French school, Russian school and Danish school, etc. Since the twentieth century, Russia has replaced Italy and France to become the center of the development of traditional ballet. In the 20th century, Russia replaced Italy and France as the center of traditional ballet development. On the stage of European and American countries, modern ballet of different styles and schools gradually showed the momentum of vigorous development, thus injecting new vitality into the development of ballet art.
Swan Lake
"Swan Lake" is a classical ballet in three acts and four scenes. Choreographer: F. Begichev, etc. Choreographer: Zhu B. Orchestrations by J. Rezinger. Composer. Tchaikovsky. Premiered in March 1877 in Moscow, Russia. The play was a failure at its premiere, and in February 1894 it was revived by L.I. Ivanov for a second act in honor of Tchaikovsky's death. In February 1894 the second act, rearranged and directed by L.I. Ivanov, was performed with success at a party in honor of the first anniversary of Tchaikovsky's death. The following year Tchaikovsky's brother, Modest, rearranged the music and libretto and staged the entire play with Petipa and Ivanov as choreographers. The play depicts the love between Prince Siegfried and Princess Augusta, who has been swept away by the Demon King and turned into a white swan. The Demon King, in order to break the Prince's vow with Augusta, brings his daughter, Augilia, onto the court stage. The prince mistook Ojelita for Ojeta and fell into the demon's trap, and realized that he had been deceived when he saw the white swan flying away outside the window. The prince chases her to the forest lake and starts a fight to the death with the demon king, and the power of love finally overcomes the evil. The play is the greatest work of the Romantic period, and its success has brought classical ballet to its peak. Due to the choreographer's deep understanding of music, the choreography really reaches the height of "symphonization". Over the past one hundred years, the opera has become the most eye-catching treasure in the ballet world with its beautiful music, touching story and classical dance passages, and has been loved by people all over the world. 1958, the Beijing Dance School staged a performance of this opera by the Soviet Union's ballet master Pi? Gusev choreographed and directed the production. Gusev, starring Bai Shuxiang and Liu Qingtang. The play has now become the repertoire of five major Chinese ballet companies.
Romeo and Juliet
Romeo and Juliet, a ballet in three acts. Based on Shakespeare's play of the same name. Choreographed and directed by M? Lavrovsky. Composer: Prokofiev. premiered in January 1940 in Leningrad (now Petersburg), USSR. The play is based on Shakespeare's original novel and depicts the story of a pair of young men in the medieval city of Verona, Italy, who fall in love despite family feuds. Romeo and Juliet are eventually forced by their families to die for their love, and the two families are inspired by the power of love to turn enemies into friends. The play highly combines dance and mime, and with its distinctive characters and rigorous, multi-layered structure, it is the pinnacle of dramatic ballet. Prokofiev's music inherits and develops the symphonic principle of dance music, with beautiful melodies, colorful harmonies, rich rhythms, and exquisite orchestration, which brings dance music to a brand-new height. The pantomime's rendezvous of the hero and heroine, the fight between the families, and the scenes of the two lovers on their deathbeds have a strong artistic impact, vividly embodying the tragic style of Shakespeare's original work. There are many versions of the play, of which the one choreographed by Grigorovich and performed by the Bolshoi Ballet in 1979 is the most famous. China's Central Ballet and Shanghai Ballet have staged it in different versions.
The White-haired Girl
The White-haired Girl in seven ballets. Created by the Shanghai Dance School and premiered in Shanghai in 1965. Based on the opera of the same name. Choreographer: Hu Rongrong, Fu Aidi, Cheng Daihui, Lin Yangyang. Composer: Yan Jinxuan. Choreographer: Hu Guanshi, Du Shixiang. Main actors: Mao Huifang, Shi Zhongqin, Ling Guiming, etc.. The dance drama depicts a story that is a household name among the people. On the night of New Year's Eve, Yang Bailao, a poor peasant, is killed by the lackeys of Huang Shiren, a landlord who comes to collect a debt, and his daughter, Xi'er, is also taken away to cover the debt. Xie'er is tortured in the Huang family, and she flees to the mountains to live on wild fruits, and her hair turns white. After joining the Eighth Route Army, Wang Dachun, who was Xi'er's childhood friend, led a team to liberate her hometown, and chased her to a cave to identify with Xi'er, who had turned into the "White-haired Girl". At a meeting to fight against the evil landlord Huang Shiren, Xi'er complains in tears to avenge her father's death. As the red sun rises in the east, Xier and Dachun start a new happy life. The dance drama combines the art of ballet with the revolutionary struggle of the Chinese people, focuses on the portrayal of real peasants, and integrates the material of Chinese Peking Opera and folk dance into the creation of the ballet. The dance drama takes the widely sung opera music as the main body of the music, and creatively adds backing singers to make the dance drama more national style.
Dance image
Dance image dance term. Dance art as a means of shaping the character image and the dynamic image of the performance process, that is, the human body posture, modeling, pace and other actions with the help of music, stage art, make-up, clothing and other artistic factors to produce a visual effect with appreciation value. With visibility, mobility, aesthetic characteristics, is the main object of the dance appreciation process is perceived, recognized and embodies the main body of the aesthetic value of the dance art