2. Boccaccio-decameron: This work tells the story of 1348, when a plague broke out in Florence, Italy, and 10 men and women took refuge in a villa in the country. They played and enjoyed the whole day, and everyone told a story every day. * * * lived 10 days and told hundreds of stories. These stories criticized the Catholic Church, mocked the church's teaching of darkness and evil, praised love as the source of talent and noble sentiments, condemned asceticism, mercilessly exposed and castigated the depravity and corruption of feudal nobles, and embodied humanistic thoughts.
3. Shakespeare-Hamlet: Tragic works written between 1599 and 1602. The play tells the story that Uncle Claudius murdered Hamlet's father, usurped the throne and married the king's widow, Chowdhury. Therefore, Prince Hamlet avenged his father on his uncle.
4. Shakespeare-"Othello": The work tells that Othello is a brave general in the Principality of Venice. He fell in love with the senator's daughter Desdemona. This marriage is not allowed because the age difference between them is too big. The two had to get married in private. Othello has a sinister flag bearer Iago who wants to get rid of Othello.
First, he tipped off the senator just to get married. He also provoked the feelings between Othello and Desdemona, saying that another assistant, Cassio, had an unusual relationship with Desdemona and forged the so-called love oath. Othello believed it and strangled his wife in a rage. Knowing the truth, he drew his sword, committed suicide with remorse and fell beside Desdemona.
5. Da Vinci mural-Last Supper: The Last Supper was created by Italian artist Da Vinci, with the theme of the last supper between Jesus and the twelve disciples in the Bible. The expressions of panic, anger, doubt and remorse, as well as gestures, eyes and behaviors of the characters in the picture are vividly portrayed, which is the most famous of all works created on this theme.
6. Shakespeare-"King Lear": It describes that King Lear is old and wants to give the land to his three daughters. The eldest daughter Gonaril and the second daughter Reagan won their favor and got the land, but the youngest daughter cordelia got nothing because she didn't want to kiss up. The king of France, who came to propose, had a good eye for pearls and married Cordelia as the queen. King Lear left his job, but the eldest daughter and the second daughter didn't give him a place to live, so the king had to go to the wild ... cordelia led the team to score, and the father and daughter reunited. But the war was unfavorable, Cordelia was killed, and King Lear died sadly with the body of his beloved little daughter.
Renaissance refers to the European ideological and cultural movement from14th century to17th century, which reflected the requirements of the emerging bourgeoisie.
The concept of "Renaissance" was used by Italian humanist writers and scholars in14-17th century. At that time, people thought that literature and art had been highly prosperous in the classical era of Greece and Rome, but declined and disappeared in the "dark age" of the Middle Ages, and it was not until the14th century that it was "reborn" and "revived", so it was called "Renaissance".
Renaissance first rose in Italian cities, then spread to western European countries, and reached its peak in the16th century, which brought a period of scientific and artistic revolution and opened the curtain of modern European history, and was regarded as the dividing line between the Middle Ages and the modern. Renaissance is one of the three major ideological liberation movements in modern western Europe (Renaissance, Reformation and Enlightenment).
1 1 century later, with the recovery and development of economy, the rise of cities and the improvement of living standards, people gradually changed their pessimistic attitude towards real life and began to pursue the pleasure of secular life, which is contrary to the Catholic concept. In Italy, where the urban economy was prosperous in the14th century, resistance to Catholic culture first appeared.
Italian citizens and secular intellectuals at that time, on the one hand, hated the theocratic status of Catholicism and its hypocritical asceticism, on the other hand, because there was no mature cultural system to replace Catholic culture, they expressed their cultural ideas by reviving ancient Greek and Roman culture. Therefore, the Renaissance emphasized that the new culture should learn from the classics, which was not a simple classical Renaissance, but actually a bourgeois anti-feudal new culture movement.
The core of humanistic spirit is to put forward that man is the center, not God, and to affirm the value and dignity of man. It advocates that the purpose of life is to pursue happiness in real life, advocates the liberation of personality, opposes the theological thought of ignorance and superstition, and thinks that man is the creator and master of real life.
Pioneer: Dante (Italy). Known as the last poet in the Middle Ages, he is also the first poet in the new period. His long poem Divine Comedy (the whole poem is divided into three parts: Hell, Purgatory and Paradise) clearly expresses his dislike of the Catholic Church and takes the lead in criticizing it.
Da Vinci (Italy). He combined artistic creation with scientific exploration, created many perfect and vivid characters, and fully embodied the spirit of humanism. His masterpieces include The Last Supper and Mona Lisa.
Shakespeare (English) He was a master of literature in the Renaissance, and wrote more than 30 plays and many famous poems in his life. These works profoundly criticized feudal ethics and social bad habits, and embodied the spirit of humanism. Representative works include Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet. Comedy The Merchant of Venice
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Renaissance (14 to 17 century European ideological and cultural movement)-Baidu Encyclopedia