Population density: 4 people/km2
Everest Base Camp
Dingri County has a total area of 13,858.81 square kilometers. The total population is 50,000 (2003)
The county people's government is located in Xiegeer Town, postal code: 858200. administrative code: 542324. area code: 0892. pinyin: Dingri Xian.
The county belongs to the Himalayan alpine landscape, with an average elevation of 5,000 meters above sea level. There are mainly Himalayas and Lachan Gangri Mountains in the territory. The world's highest peak, Mount Everest, is located in the county.
Tingri County basic profile Tingri County is located in the southwest border of the motherland, is located in the middle of the Himalayas at the foot of Mount Everest in the northern foothills of the east neighboring Tingjie, Sakya two counties; west of Nyalam County; north of Ngari County; northeast of Lhazi County; south of the Kingdom of Nepal border. Longitude and latitude span in the east longitude 86.2 ° ~ 87.7 °, latitude 27.8 ° ~ 29.1 ° between the county average altitude of 4,300 meters, the county altitude average height of 5,000 meters, the county total area of 140,000 square kilometers, east-west length of about 96 kilometers, north-south width of about 108 kilometers, 244 kilometers from Shigatse, the border line length of 187 kilometers, the 318 National Highway runs through the whole county, the geographic location of the It is extremely important and has the advantage of tourism resources. The total population is 46,349.
On the "Tingri" title of the origin, the saying is "Tingri" Tibetan meaning "fixed sound hill". Legend has it that a lama threw a stone, "fixed" sound, fell in the place, and later in the place on the hill to build a temple, that is, the name of the fixed date temple, so follow the "fixed date" for the county name.
Tingri county territory of the mountains, belonging to the Himalayan mountain system, the stacked mountains, snowy peaks towering. In the county more than 8,000 meters of the peaks have 4, namely: Everest, Luozi Peak, Zhuoyou Peak (Joe Uyafeng), Makalu Peak. Among them: located in my county Qudang Township and the border of the Kingdom of Nepal, the boundary mountain Mount Everest is the world's first peak, elevation of 8844.43 meters, for the first of ten thousand mountains. It lives on the top of the earth, looking down on the mountains. There are also many high mountains in our county, such as Gatso La Mountain and Gavula Mountain. These abrupt and steep mountains and high mountains constitute the county's most magnificent natural landscape, is the ideal place for tourism, adventure, scientific investigation.
In recent years, Tingri County to increase the implementation of infrastructure investment, transportation, energy, communications and other infrastructure has been further strengthened. A brand new Tingri County appeared at the foot of Mount Everest.
Entering Tingri County XieGaer town, into the eyes of the brand new buildings, dazzling, everywhere you can see the roar of the machines on the construction site, everywhere there are local people actively participate in the construction of the figure. Up to now, Tingri County, the county's 13 townships (towns), 145 administrative village access, accounting for 79.7% of the total number of administrative villages. Last year, the county to increase the construction of solar photovoltaic power plant, the implementation of the township electricity, there are three townships to implement the fiber-optic cable call. This year, Tingri County LuLu hydroelectric power station, the expansion of the county government workers turnover room, court, prosecutor's office, public security bureau office building and other projects near the beginning of the project is expected to complete the fixed investment of 130 million yuan, the implementation of these goals, greatly improved the Tingri County, transportation, energy, agriculture and other basic conditions, the city's central position and characteristics of the role of the more and more obvious, has become a new point of growth to pull the county's economy.
Natural Geography
Dingri County is located in the middle of the Himalayas region, constrained by natural geographic factors, the county to the plateau mountains. The world-famous Mount Everest, Zhuoyou Peak, etc. standing in the southern region, the northern part of the La rail Gangri mountain system, the Pangqu River from west to east to south through the whole territory. The county landforms can be roughly divided into three types. That is: Mount Everest - Zhuoyou Peak very high mountain area, 6500 ~ 8812 meters above sea level; Mount Everest, Zhuoyou Peak, as well as the Lazhougangzhi mountain system of a large area of high mountainous areas, 4500 ~ 6500 meters above sea level; the central region of the Pangqu River along the plateau of the wide valleys and basins.
Tingri county territory of the mountains, belonging to the Himalayan mountain system, stacked mountains, snow peaks towering. In the county territory of more than 8000 meters of peaks have 4, namely: Mount Everest, Luozi peak, Zhuoyou peak (Qiaoyuya peak), Makalu peak. Among them: located in the county Qudang Township and the border of the Kingdom of Nepal, the boundary mountain Mount Everest is the world's first peak, with an altitude of 8,844.43 meters, for the first of ten thousand mountains. It majestically on top of the earth, head out of the sky, looking down on the mountains. There are also many high mountains in the county, such as Gatso La Mountain and Gavula Mountain. These abrupt and steep mountains and high mountains constitute the most magnificent natural landscape of the county, which is an ideal place for traveling, exploring and scientific investigation.
The county is densely populated with rivers, more than 10 large and small rivers. The second outflow water system in the southern part of the vast territory of the flow path Rikaze area - Pangqu River is a large river between the north slope of the middle section of the Himalayas and the Lajianggangri Mountains, originating in the north slope of the Xixia Gangma Peak of the wild Bogale glacier, from west to south flow path Nyalamu County, Tingri, Tingjie and other three counties, the length of the territory of about 384 kilometers, is within the territory of Rikaze An independent outflow of the water system. Other rivers in the territory there are lulu river, xiegeer river, zaga river, chongjie river, etc., in addition to few inward flow, all belong to the Indian Ocean water system. River water by groundwater, rain and ice melt water recharge. The river water temperature is low and the water quality is good.
Dingri belongs to the plateau temperate semi-arid monsoon climate zone, the temperature difference between day and night, dry climate, annual rainfall is small, evaporation, long sunshine hours, the average annual sunshine hours up to 3,393.3 hours, sunshine percentage of 77%, the total solar radiation of 202.9 kcal/cm2 years. Plateau UV is strong, low temperature, the average annual temperature of 0.7 ℃, the coldest month for January,. The average temperature -7.4 ℃; the hottest month for July, the average temperature of 12 ℃; extreme maximum temperature of 24.8 ℃, the extreme coldest temperature -27.7 ℃, the annual precipitation of 319 mm, the highest annual precipitation of 474.3 mm, the least precipitation of 104.9 mm, 95% of precipitation is distributed in the months of June to October! The average annual evaporation is 2527.3mm, the average annual wind speed is 58.4m/s, the relative frost-free period is 113 days, and the absolute frost-free period is 0 days.
History
On the origin of the name "Tingri", the saying is "Tingri" Tibetan meaning "fixed sound hill". Legend has it that a lama threw a stone, "fixed" sound, fell in the place, and later in the place on the hill to build a temple, that is, the name of the fixed date temple, so follow the "fixed date" for the name of the county.
Tibet Tubo dynasty period, "Tingri" belongs to "such as the pull" jurisdiction. In the thirteenth century, Tibet into China, the yuan dynasty will be divided into thirteen million jurisdiction. "Tingri" one of the thirteen ten thousand households "pull pile Luo" ten thousand households under the jurisdiction of the rule, also known as "Luo Tingri", meaning pull pile southern ten thousand households. The Ming dynasty Pamudzuba dynasty period, 1358 AD "Luo Dingzhi" began for the Pamudzuba dynasty jurisdiction, that is, the Pachu regime to replace the Sakya regime power to rule the 130,000 households, the Pamudzuba regime later, "Luo Dingzhi" also known as the "Logon", successively feudalized forces "Gontangba", "Zangba Khan" by the cut. In 1642 A.D. the beginning of the "Luo Dingzhi" for the Qing dynasty Tibet Gandan chapter of the regime, divided into the velvet jurisdiction of the snow, Dingzhi Zong, Xiegel Zong, Xiegel Qude Temple and belongs to the poor creek card.
After the peaceful liberation of Tibet, in February 1956, the *** Rikaze sub-committee to the Xiegeer, Tingri sent a task force. 1959 May set up the Tingri task force temporary party committee, Tingri military control committee. 1959 July the original Xiegeer Zong, Tingri Zong (Gang Ga), velvet Jiexue Xueba, Xiegeer Qude Temple jurisdiction of the 13 creeks, the whole jurisdiction merger, the formation of the *** Tingri County County Party Committee, the Tingri County People's Government. Will, Tingri County People's Government.
In June 1960, Tingri County People's Government was established, stationed in Xiegeer township Xiegeer village. In August of the same year, the county resident moved to the village of Gangga. 1968 July and moved back to the village of Xiegeer. After that, Xiegeer built the town.
Economic profile
This year, Tingri County to increase the implementation of infrastructure investment, transportation, energy, communications and other infrastructure has been further strengthened. A brand-new Tingri County appeared at the foot of Mount Everest.
Entering Tingri County XieGaer town, into the eyes of the brand-new buildings, dazzling, everywhere you can see the roar of the machines on the construction site, everywhere there are local people actively participate in the construction of the figure. Up to now, Tingri County, the county's 13 townships (towns), 145 administrative village access, accounting for 79.7% of the total number of administrative villages. Last year, the county to increase the construction of solar photovoltaic power plant, the implementation of the township electricity, there are three townships to implement the fiber-optic cable call. This year, Tingri County LuLu hydropower station, the expansion of the county government workers turnover room, court, prosecutor's office, public security bureau office building and other projects near the beginning of the project is expected to complete the fixed investment of 130 million yuan, the implementation of these goals, greatly improved the Tingri County, transportation, energy, agriculture and other basic conditions, the city's central position and characteristics of the role of the more and more obvious, has become a new point of growth to pull the county's economy.
Administrative divisions
Tingri County jurisdiction over 2 towns, 11 townships: Xiegeer Township, Gangga Township; Qu Dang Township, Zazhi Zong Township, Kemma Township, velvet Jie Township, Tsoguo Township, Quluo Township, Changshuo Township, Nijie Township, Zaguo Township, Basin Jie Township, Gatso Township. *** There are 182 village committees.
Terroir
Tibet is the world of song, the sea of dance, Rikaze people are able to sing and dance. Its folk dance style is unique, beautiful and generous. "Fruit Harmony" dance steps fast and loose, the scene is grand, "Smazhuo" inspired by the rough and stirring; Jilong's "screw dance" dance light, beautiful and melodious voice, Kangma's "Harmonious Qing", Tingri's "A Harmonious" dance steps are powerful and neat, the song is harmonious and pleasant, solemn and elegant, Sherpa Dance is beautiful and lyrical, the dance steps are soft and graceful, Saga's "A Harmonious" is bold and simple, "Qiangm" is bold and simple.
The "Qiangm" is a grand and magnificent dance.
A Harmony A Harmony of the Chinese meaning is a grand song and dance performance, is a collective dance. Its historical origin has three sayings: one is to celebrate the victory of the war and dance; the second is a song and dance competition to win the dance; the third is the Tang Dynasty era to celebrate the Princess Wencheng into Tibet and dance.
The costumes of A Harmony are made of high-grade satin, mainly red and yellow, showing a noble and elegant temperament. Actors wear a large, round and tasseled hats, performances constantly swaying, like a lion as powerful, majestic. The actor's pants are big and fat, like a skirt. A harmonic action is very rough, bold, showing the Tibetan people swarthy and brave character traits. The Taoist has a long belt knife, a horse whip, a knife in a small sheath and chopsticks, etc. The performance time can be long or short. The performance time can be long or short, and the long ones can usually dance continuously for a whole day.
A Harmony is usually performed during the Tibetan New Year and major festivals every year.
Heap Harmony The so-called "heap" refers to the upper reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River, Lazhi, Tingri and other places, "Harmony" is the meaning of the dance, i.e., to the heap of people in the area of the dance is called "heap Harmony". ". Riqaze area Lhatse County, Qu Xia town of heap harmony in the back of the Tibetan region and the whole region enjoys a good reputation, by the masses welcome and love. Heap harmonization is the main accompaniment instrument of Zhannianqin, since playing, singing, dancing, three together as one of the indispensable comprehensive art. Dance step varied changes fast, rich in content, diverse forms, the mood is cheerful, is a folk song and dance varieties of high style. The dance is beautiful, free, action to two feet of the kick and step dance action, so the heap of harmony is also known as "tap dance".
The same with the A "with the A" dance in the Rikaze region, Jilong County, Jilong Town, has a long history, loved by the masses. Jilong "with armor" dance, that is, "bracelet dance". Characterized by two bracelets on the hands of women, the right hand is a silver bracelet, the left hand is an ivory bracelet, silver bracelet and ivory bracelet collision with the sound called "with the A". The original lyrics of the "Tongjia" dance highlight the four major aspects of people's love of life, love of nature, glorification of peace, and glorification of friendship. The details of the dance also include family harmony, respect for the elderly and the young, and protection of the environment. The bracelet dance is also performed as a prayer dance whenever it is performed on June 4 of the Tibetan calendar at the Chaga Dasho Monastery.
Go Harmonizing "Go Harmonizing" is the "circle dance", which is a kind of dance around the circle. The dance in the back of Tibet jiangzi, bainang and other places folk widely spread. Fruit harmony is the masses in the fields after working on their own a folk collective dance, performance in various forms, melody, lyrics with the gathering of the purpose and content and change. The annual Tibetan New Year, fruit festival, wedding and other grand festivals people around the fire as soon as possible to perform.
Periods of Macho S Macho is folk waist drumming, is the region's famous ancient and traditional folk art, has a long history. More than 20 miles away from the city of Shigatse, there is a village called Sima Zhangdui, which is famous for jumping Sma Zhuo, and it is said that hundreds of years ago, their ancestors passed down this dance. The drum dance of Sima Zhangdui village is a kind of violent jumping dance, with fast drum beats, strong rhythm, magnificent, colorful, bold and spirited, and inspiring. At the same time, it is a kind of dance that shows the dance posture and emphasizes the emotional performance. At the beginning of the dance, an old man appeared first, holding a wooden stick bundled with white hada, dancing on one side and reciting words on the other. Then, dressed in colorful striped clothes, waist tie wrinkled skirt, carrying a big drum lads galloped out, feather hammer move, drums shook the sky, the dance began.
The period matzoh is performed by the head of each village, who leads the team in the traditional festivals and celebrations every year, or during the agricultural leisure time.
So "Suo" circulated in the Rikaze area around the Sakya County, Sakya Suo originated in the Yuan Dynasty Bashi Ba period, is organized by the local forces of the Sakya a folk dance. It not only has a unique style, but also has the Sakya local characteristics of folk culture and art.
"Sakya Suo Dance" is the Sakya Dharma King to celebrate the ceremony and the Dharma King visits, as well as to meet and send off foreign dignitaries with a dance of the highest etiquette.
"Sakya Suo dance" is characterized by the use of any musical instruments, singing and dancing, unique, the scene is very spectacular.
Qiangm "Qiangm" that is, "jumping God dance", religious dance refers to the Qiangm monks of various sects in their own temple within the scope of the performance of a ceremonial grand, spectacular, magnificent set of chanting, music, dance, the three together as one of the large-scale dance in the temple. Art. Among the many festivals of Tibetan Buddhism, the "Sim Qingmu" dance held in Zhashilunbu Monastery is the most solemn. Every year in August of the Tibetan calendar held jumping god dance festival, so far there have been two or three hundred years of history. Jumping God Dance appearance nearly 80 monks, dressed in ancient costumes, wearing a Buddhist in the protector of the God's mask for the performance, to different gods dance, its dance and music is marvelous. Qiangmu is divided into "Aqiangmu" and "Copper Qiangmu", and the main difference is that they are accompanied by different musical instruments. The God Dance is performed by six children in accordance with the rhythm of the drums to start the auspicious dance. After that, dozens of different dances are performed one by one, such as King Kong, Skeleton, Deer and Cow, Bhikkhu, and Six Longevity Dances, etc. At the end, decorated BMWs, precious elephants and other animals are performed. At the end of the performance, decorated precious horses, precious elephants, precious cows carrying coral trees, pearl manzanas, golden pagodas, ivory and other exotic treasures come out in response to the opening Auspicious Dance. Initially, jumping dance as a tantric rituals held only in the temple, strictly prohibited lay people to watch. Along with its scale is getting bigger and bigger, but also the need to spread the doctrine, the seventh Panchen Dan Bai Nyima decided to hold every year in August of the Tibetan calendar, "Sm Qingmu" that is, jumping dance, for the four sides of the incense to appreciate.
Attractions and monuments
1, unparalleled peaks cluster
Tingri County, more than 8,000 meters within the territory of the peaks of four, the world's attention of Mount Everest is one of the most dazzling jewels. Due to the terrain and the unique climate, here presents the world's most spectacular extreme high mountain landscape, the upper part of the mountain ice peaks, countless glaciers along the slope and down the mountain eroded into a variety of top special form, so that the mountain landscape weight more dangerous. In the lower part of the mountain, ice water and glaciers and landforms dominate. In the valley of the glacier, in the difference between the ablation effect of the formation of the world's most beautiful and spectacular ice tower forest landscape.
Everest, elevation 8848.13 real. Is the world's first peak, the entire body of Mount Everest is a giant pyramid, majestic, head out of the sky, here is a piece of strange ice sculpture world, nature's ingenious work, carved out a block of up to ten meters of the ice tower, 10,000 fluorene towards the sky, a thousand shapes and sizes, crystal clear, blue light shining, just like a party of ice and jade, the magnificent crystal world. Climbing the world's highest peak is the highest goal of the national mountaineering team and explorers, a glimpse of Mount Everest is also the domestic and foreign travel are dreaming of the desire.
Luozi Peak, 8516 meters above sea level, is the world's fourth highest peak, located in the south of Mount Everest. The terrain is extremely steep, the environment is very complex, the size of the glaciers are densely populated, the climate is unpredictable, the so-called "four seasons of snow on top of the mountain, four seasons of spring under the mountain, a mountain divided into four seasons, ten miles of different days," the statement, is the region's three-dimensional climate of the image of the generalization.
Zhuo Aoyou Peak, also known as "Qiaoyuya Peak", 8201 meters above sea level, is the world's sixth highest peak, Zhuo Aoyou Peak mountain body is tall, majestic, mansion just as its each in a grand and majestic stance standing in the middle of the Himalayan Mountains, northwest of Mount Everest. Mountain peaks around the snowy peaks, layers and layers. Here the terrain is complex, climate change, glacier grain snow supply is sufficient, glaciers on both sides of the valley for the lower part of the steep rock wall, wall for the rolling stone area, from time to time there is a glacier ablation of glacial lakes. Zhuo Aoyou Peak is second only to Mount Everest as a mountaineering destination.
Makalu Peak, 8,463 meters above sea level, is located in the middle of the Himalayas, southeast of Mount Everest, and is the world's fifth highest peak. The upper part of the peak is covered with thick ice and snow, and there are huge glaciers developing in the sloping valleys, with many jagged cliffs and crevasses on the glaciers, and ice avalanches are very frequent. The foot of the mountain open terrain, ample water, dense forests, the spring of various colors of rhododendrons competing days release, gorgeous.
2, interesting forest landscape
In Tingri County, there are two major forest scenic area - velvet jurisdiction scenic area and the Gama scenic area, due to the terrain is very large, from the lowest point of the valley floor to the highest point of the relative altitude difference of up to 6,200 meters, the mountain forest ecological vertical differentiation is obvious, by the montane warm-temperate zone evergreen coniferous forests, Deciduous broad-leaved forest ecosystem, to the alpine sub-freezing ice and snow ecosystem *** there are six mountain vertical ecosystems. The special geomorphological types and diverse climatic features support rich wildlife populations, and because of the dense forests in the area and less human damage, some rare and endangered species still have a considerable number of such as the Himalayan Thar Sheep, long-tailed langurs, snow leopards, brown-tailed rainbow pheasants, black pheasants, and Tibetan snow chickens. It is also rich in more than 200 kinds of valuable Chinese herbs, such as Cordyceps sinensis, hu huanglian, snow lotus, and asparagus, etc. It has great research and utilization value and tourism value. It has great research and utilization value and tourism development potential.
Jongjian forest scenic area: located in the valley of the jongjian river valley hit the chapter to the Sino-Nepalese border - neru bridge between the valley, which qu ga to neru bridge section of the forest landscape is the most beautiful. Deep and lush canyon, clear and turbulent river, floating and falling waterfalls, simple and elegant village houses, dotted in the forest edge of the exotic flowers and plants and play in the jungle between the rare birds and animals, such as geomorphology, rivers, humanities and ecological landscapes into one, constituting the forest as the main ecotourism excellent scenic spots.
Gamma Forest Scenic Spot: Located in the north side of the glacier from the Makalu Peak Gamma Zangbu (River) and its tributaries in the valley. So with Makalu Peak, Mount Everest, Luo Zifeng east slope of the mountaineering yellow land *** with the composition of the forest as the main ecological and adventure tourism scenic spot.
Gamma Valley forest formation type colorful, there are mountain ever edge, semi-ever edge broad-leaved forests, subalpine dark coniferous forests, etc., Gamma Valley's beautiful landscape has long been famous, with the world's "top ten landscapes," the reputation. Particularly striking is the upper reaches of Gama Valley valley is relatively open forest and forest edge, as well as the forest line above the formation of rhododendron large alpine scrub communities, every spring, a variety of rhododendron from the low to the mountains in turn open, colorful all over the mountains, into a veritable valley of rhododendron.
3, other scenic spots (points)
Gangga town (old Tingri) scenic spot. Gangga town is located 67 kilometers southwest of Xiegel on the Sino-Nepal Friendship Highway, 4340 meters above sea level, from here you can see most of the Himalayan attractions, the world's sixth peak of the Cho Oyu peak looms large in the southern edge of the basin, flanked by more than 10 more than 1,000 meters of peaks, where you can also look at Mount Everest, Labjikang Snow Mountain and other famous mountains in the world.
Changsho Sand Dunes Scenic Spot. Located 40 kilometers southeast of Tingri County, the natural form of the star and moon type sand dunes with high ornamental value, is an important part of the Everest Protected Area tourism diversity resources. Especially in the Xining Zangbu basin on the east side there are large meadow pastures, clear streams, hot springs as well as the ancient Tibetan villages and new Tibetan new villages formed a very attractive landscape.
Cangda Hot Springs: Located on the hillock on the west side of Gangga Town (Old Tingri) in Tingri County, the pool has a constant amount of spring water gushing out, with pleasant water temperature, which makes it a good place for bathing, relieving fatigue, and removing diseases. If you spend the night here, it may give you an unexpected surprise - Mount Everest and Mount Cho Oyu smiling at you in the morning sun.
Xiegel Town is the largest town in the Everest Protected Area, with a long history. The old castle on the top of Dzongsan was built in the 13th century during the Wen Dynasty, and has a history of more than 700 years. The Qude Temple on the mountainside was built in 1645, and once had dozens of large halls Buddha Hall, enshrined in the Zunzun gold and bronze Buddha statues, collection of 10,000 Buddhist texts.
Jombo Monastery: located at the foot of Mount Everest, 5010 meters above sea level, called the world's highest temple. The full name of the temple is zha jombo, more a qu Lin temple, is belongs to the Tibet nyingmapai temple, is a rich local characteristics of the monks and nuns mixed temple. Jombo temple and Everest in the Jombo glacier in a distance, but also to the Everest base camp travel and tourism must pass through, is rich in Tibetan national characteristics of the tourist shrine, reflecting the natural wonders and the ancient civilization of the harmony and unity. The Jombo Monastery was built in 1901, and the founder was the 10th Zhaju Living Buddha Ngawang Tenzin Luobu (1866-1940).
In August 2019, the list of 2019 e-commerce into rural areas comprehensive demonstration counties was released, and Tingri County was on the list.
August 16, 2018, Tingri County won the fourth batch of national rule of law counties and municipalities to create activities advanced unit distinction.