It is in the nature of every child to love drawing. Painting is a kind of language for children, one of the main ways for children to self-express their feelings about the things around them and their inner will. These seemingly random doodle drawings may well be the starting point and the beginning of their talents in the field of art in the future, and if they are provided with a scientific and reasonable art initiation education in the early childhood period, it will enable them to maximize the development of their potential in this regard, and lay the foundation for success in the future. The foundation for future success.
However, the great potential shown by young children in terms of their drawing talents is often neglected, or due to the lack of scientific guidance and cultivation, many elements of genius are extinguished prematurely, so how adults treat children's drawings is particularly important. First of all, adults must understand some of the characteristics of children's paintings, and then to the correct guidance.
I. Characteristics of Children's Painting
Painting is a kind of game in itself for children. Children in the process of painting, often completely into the game activities, they like to self-centered, they will feel that they are the characters in the painting, take for granted that the performance of things, everything can have a life, "the animals and I dance hand in hand", "animals can hold a concert "Animals and I dance hand in hand", "Animals can hold a concert", "I can drive on the rainbow bridge", "The tree is a little girl, the leaves are long hair, the pocket is a bird's nest". The body and mind are completely devoted to painting activities, accompanied by pleasant emotions, unrestrained, arbitrary painting, and fully enjoy the cathartic joy and satisfaction, a sense of accomplishment.
Children's paintings have a great deal of distortion and subjective randomness in their modeling and composition. Children in the painting process, will not first come to consider whether the composition is beautiful, whether the content is consistent with the objective reality, therefore, children in the painting, not like adults as meticulous conceptualization, management layout, and do not consider the perspective, dark and light and other artistic effects, is often a hand down the brush at will, what comes to mind what to draw, thinking without any limitations. Sometimes, the picture will appear very funny and very "modern" interest: for example, in the portrayal of a person's side of the face, they will not see the second eye is also painted on. Another example: the picture of a flying house, a tree with a variety of fruit, winged people ......, its exaggerated form can really be compared with the works of the modernist masters.
In children's paintings, we can see that the color has a strong subjective arbitrariness, like to use a lot of bright colors, like to use contrasting colors, like to use colorful to decorate objects. In the adult view of the unattractive color combinations children like, such as can often be seen in this phenomenon: a flower with five petals with five colors, or even a petal with different colors; a dress with different color filling, and asymmetric. So that children's paintings with strong, flamboyant and bright colors, with a strong visual impact and infectious, which is also the natural flow of the child's heart.
Second, how to evaluate children's paintings
1. Don't evaluate children's paintings by adult's standard, but look at children's paintings from children's standpoint.
Some adults have a biased view of children's paintings, and one of the biggest problems is that they use the aesthetics of adult paintings to demand children's paintings, always thinking that children's paintings are unattractive, disproportionate, mutilated, and do not conform to the norm of the real thing, and so on. The main criteria for measuring the ability of children's paintings are limited to "whether they look like", "whether they are beautiful" and "whether they work". The so-called "resemblance" refers to comparing the child's drawing with a real object or a model drawing, and the degree of conformity with both is used as one of the criteria. The so-called "beautiful or not" refers to the use of adult aesthetic point of view to evaluate the child's painting, in order to meet or close to the standards of adult paintings as "beautiful", otherwise "not beautiful". This kind of education is actually a substitute for the cognitive process of young children by adults, giving them the concepts of "beauty" and "goodness" in the adult world. The so-called "good or bad" means that children are required to draw in the same way as adults do, and those who are close to the skills and techniques of adults are "good", while those who are close to the skills and techniques of adults are "good", while those who are close to the skills and techniques of adults are "bad". From this point of view, it is natural to point out the inadequacy of the child's painting and faults, and even consciously or unconsciously to be "deprecated" or "ridicule", and then use the adult painting method of teaching painting, or tirelessly require children to copy according to the model painting, long-term! By this kind of education, young children will naturally ignore their own feelings, produce blind obedience, and eventually gradually lose the ability to feel the beauty and the ability to recognize things, creativity, imagination will also disappear in the invisible. There was once a child who won a prize at an international children's painting exhibition and was given high hopes by his parents and teachers, who focused on cultivating him, but because they didn't understand the characteristics of children's paintings and tutored them according to the aesthetics of adults, the result was that the child could no longer paint like he used to.
2. To make children's paintings truly "children's own paintings", adults should be careful in their evaluations.
Because of their age, young children lack confidence in their own behavior or practices, and want to be appreciated and praised by adults, so they accept adults' views wholeheartedly, thus losing part or all of themselves. This phenomenon is especially prominent in the process of painting. Some kindergarten teachers in Japan never comment on children's drawings, but carefully hang and post each child's drawing for the children to appreciate and discuss. If our evaluation of children's paintings is still the same as that of adults, "This painting is really good," "What is this painting, it's a mess," it only shows that we have not yet understood what art education is all about, and we can never give back to our children the true meaning of art education. The child's art education in the true sense of the word.
Three, how to guide children's painting
We can't simply start from the painting skills in teaching and counseling, but should inspire the imagination, encourage the play, guide the observation, prompt the understanding of the main, combined with some simple painting techniques to guide children's painting.
First of all, help the child to establish self-confidence in painting. In fact, as long as adults can correctly understand the inner world of the child, respect their personality, encourage their creative performance, do not add adult ideas to the children, and try to show the children want to show but can not clearly show things to guide out, you can gradually see the results. The cultivation of children's self-confidence is very important, whether they can boldly express their own ideas, boldly depict the world, and the strength of their self-confidence is closely related. Children with strong self-confidence, their picture expression is particularly strong, imaginative fantasy, vivid lines, smooth, full composition, colorful. On the other hand, children with weak self-confidence are timid and cautious in drawing, with empty pictures, dull and hard lines, and lack of vividness. Parents and teachers should not taunt children with low self-confidence because their lines are not straight and their heads are not round. When a child hears parents and teachers say that he is not right in this or that, he becomes more timid and unable to draw, and thus loses interest in drawing. When children encounter difficulties and make mistakes, parents and teachers should help them find out what is wrong and encourage them to draw another picture with attention to the characteristics of the object and try to draw better than the last one.
Secondly, we often find that some children's drawings are very full of tanks, cannons, tigers, lions, and children doing exercises, and so on, and the contents are not related to each other and lack a theme. This requires teachers and parents in counseling to emphasize that a painting should have a theme, more inspired children to play around the theme of the imagination, so that children's paintings have personality, full of creativity, may be in the usual practice to let him on a subject matter, painting a different picture, in the process of the child's imagination and creativity have been enriched, he will learn to think about the content of the paintings from a different point of view, and thus also cultivate the diffuse thinking. The child will learn to think about the content of the painting from different angles, thus cultivating divergent thinking. When copying the teacher's model paintings, children should take the initiative, add their own imagination, and change the composition of the teacher's model paintings. Only in this way can we make the picture vivid and full of changes, so that children can lose the habit of relying on the teacher and not using their own brains.
Thirdly, adults should try to show children's works and listen to children introduce their paintings. For example, in the kindergarten activity room, the corridor, in the home beside the bed on the empty wall set up a small gallery, constantly changing works; or good works of framed, hanging in a conspicuous place at home. If you think your child's painting is just a bunch of doodles, then ask your child to introduce what he is painting, what this color represents, and what that bunch is. After listening to your child's introduction, you may be surprised that there is so much in the painting, and it is not as bad as the picture you see. Letting your child introduce his paintings more often will clear his mind and allow him to express what he really wants to say in his paintings. You can also often show the child's work when he first learns to draw as opposed to more recent work, so that the child can judge for himself whether he has improved.
Teachers and parents should not base their teaching and counseling on whether a child's drawing looks like the teacher's model, and they should not allow children to arrange their drawings according to their own observations and understanding. We found that most children do not see what to draw, but like to draw their own interest in the subject matter. This requires parents and teachers to use fairy tales, myths, and games to enrich children's imaginations and increase their interest in drawing, so that they can show their drawing talents in a pleasurable way.
Children's painting teaching "four important" "four auxiliary"
Children's painting is an important component of children's art education. It belongs to the category of art, but it is not a kind of painting in art. Nor is it a genre of art. So we in the children's painting education, treatment of students can not simply use art standards to education. But should first from the perspective of education, in the aesthetic, value and teaching methodology based on the teaching work to explore.
One of the heavy nurturing, supplemented by art skills
Children have the characteristic of love of painting. Doodle, to be able to express their knowledge of life and feelings, this painting is called children's paintings by adults. However, not all children who draw children's paintings will necessarily become current or future painters, and the vast majority of children do not pursue painting as a lifelong career from an early age. Of course, there is no denying that some children will become painters in the future and pursue a career in painting, but the vast majority of children learn to paint children's paintings. The vast majority of children learn to draw and paint. It is just a stage of knowledge in the process of growing up in life. In response to this particular phenomenon, we should have a correct understanding of children's painting teaching, that is, the teaching of children's painting is positioned in the education of people. Its primary task is to cultivate children's ability to feel beauty, recognize beauty and create beauty. From the examination of beauty, cultivate temperament, purify emotions, establish the pursuit of truth, goodness and beauty, so as to develop intelligence, love of life, cultivate a correct outlook on life and the world, become useful to mankind.
Of course, children's painting is also painting, it is not recognizing words or other disciplines, we should be guided by the correct thinking, should be supplemented by the art of painting skills education. Such as painting tools to recognize the use of painting methods and techniques, and even the categories of painting and other theoretical knowledge, should also be in-depth, friendly, lively and gradually explained, so that children's painting teaching on the right track.
Two, heavy interest, supplemented by induction
Children from physical to psychological is still in an immature stage. At this age, it is impossible to talk about what "task", "perseverance" or "responsibility" children like to draw or further to draw well, depends entirely on interest. Depends on their young minds, the flow of sensual awareness of external objects, driven by this sensual flow, with crooked, thick and thin lines and against the common sense of the color painted adult incomparable, irreplaceable "children's paintings". If there is no such interest, if there is no such expression, they do not want to paint, do not want to draw. Of course, not every child is interested in drawing and has this kind of sensibility. It needs to flow or think like a spring and keep flowing. Therefore, we in the children's painting teaching, it is necessary to supplement the induction, inspiration, cultivation. In the children's painting teaching through appreciation, games, storytelling and electronic means to stimulate children's interest. At the same time, the content of the paintings should be chosen to be close to the children's life. Such as: birds, flowers, pets or people and things around them, and constantly develop children's image thinking ability. Stimulate children's imagination and creative enthusiasm, mobilize children's inner potential, put in children's paintings.
Three, heavy creation, supplemented by realistic
Learning to create is the soul of children's painting teaching, children are in a stage of cognitive understanding of the world, learning about the world of perceptual awareness. They have no life accumulation, no experience precipitation. The world in their eyes is an unknown world. Is a fantasy, colorful world, they do not have adult painting like and like, beauty and ugly, good and bad, etc., there is only each of them like and like, beauty and ugly, good and bad standards. This standard is to imagine, children's painting, whether it is the form of composition, modeling, color configuration, or expression of the children's imagination, the imagination of the children's painting is true. But there is a box of adult is to create, no imagination, no creation, there is no children's paintings, all become adult paintings. In the teaching of children's painting should be encouraged to inspire children to spread the wings of imagination, and constantly improve creativity.
However, children's paintings are also "paintings" when we see a children's painting, the first thing we want to understand what this painting is actually painting, want to express a kind of archetypal creativity or thoughts and emotions, these are the source of the painting - life. Therefore, as children's painting teaching must be supplemented with life content guidance, that is, physical training, children's paintings of birds and animals to see a variety of birds. Can take to the zoo to visit. Children drawing jump rope activities, can organize jump rope games. Children drawing trees and flowers, can be taken on field trips and so on. Through physical, field activities, it is possible to add new content on the basis of the prototype of children's paintings, to achieve the organic integration of graphic (image) performance and expression of the meaning of the picture, to become a good children's paintings.
Four, heavy praise, supplemented by training
Children's drawings, children's natural flow, often in the prototype on the basis of focused exaggeration. On the basis of exaggerated changes to create a vivid artistic image, so the proportion of the artistic image and the prototype of life is different. Even regardless of the actual proportion of the object being depicted, bold exaggeration and trade-offs, the use of the means of "moving the flowers to the wood", arbitrarily add, adjust the content, the instinctive impulse coupled with the clumsy hands of the painting so that the adults are touched by the picture, treating each picture of the children can be found in every child's creativity and to find out why so! We treat each child's picture as an opportunity to discover the child's creativity and to find out why. Therefore, we emphasize on encouraging and praising this creativity in every picture, so that it can be sustained.
In fact, children's imagination is not balanced, some are beneficial and some have to be corrected slowly, and the standard of children's drawings changes as they get older. Gradually dissolve into the fine arts, and therefore not only satisfied with the development of potential and beauty of the pottery this primitive stage, but also to gradually strengthen the training. Mastery of skills, and therefore should be closely centered on children's understanding of the living environment to carry out training, increase modeling, color, sketching of the content of the work, the main one is copying, the second is dynamic, sketching exercises, starting from sketching memory paintings, and the third is the conception of the creation. On the basis of the comprehensive collation of children's sketch material, from simple to complex, from monochrome to multi-color, and strive to achieve the correct outline, proportionality and coordination, bright and vivid colors.
Children's painting teaching and research can make a big difference, everyone has a childhood, every child likes to paint. From the perspective of nurturing the development of children's intellectual perspective, teaching children to paint is the responsibility of each of our art education work, send people roses, hand in hand. I hope that this article can make a contribution to the teaching of children's painting in a specialized one tile. And further exploration in the future teaching work for children's painting students to make new efforts.
Children's art education
★Painting too "fine" can not be called rigorous, too "put" can not be called vivid.
★Children learning to paint is not to learn difficult knowledge the earlier the better, the deeper the better. Then a good method as long as the child's psychological and physiological can not be said to be a good method, which requires the child to have an age to accept rational knowledge as a prerequisite. For example, children before the age of ten should not learn a lot of rules and very rational calligraphy and sketching. Childhood will be over in three to five years, is "after this village, there is no this store", early learning adult things is the most unworthy.
★The traditional method of education is to teach children how to draw, the new method of education is to teach children how to draw themselves. The former is the teacher draws a student to follow a stroke, the best teaching is into something and the teacher is exactly the same; the latter is the teacher to respect the child's thinking on the basis of enlightenment and enlightenment, the best teaching is a variety of different.
★Children's paintings in the pattern and color is their creation, they are in the donkey, elephant, camel, crab, mouse and other single gray animals to paint a beautiful pattern and pattern, there is nothing wrong with this. If you can't draw what you don't have in life, then what does it mean to create? Imagination is more important to a child than reality.
★Sometimes when a child can't draw well, it's not necessarily a matter of skill, but mostly due to aesthetic reasons. For example, if a child draws an outline in a light color and paints it in a heavy color, the color will eat away at the outline and the shape will not stand out. Another example is that children do not understand the contrast between warm and cold colors, light and dark colors, and paint similar colors all at once, so the picture will be gray and spiritless. Also, it looks better to paint something bigger than to paint something similar. These problems are encountered in just about every class, and solving them is the job of the tutor.
★If parents do not understand children's paintings, please do not feel free to criticize the child's painting, because you still lack of understanding of children's paintings, it is difficult to say that your criticism is correct. The result can only frustrate the child's enthusiasm and interfere with the child's normal thinking, because a five or six year old child does not have the ability to be able to clearly argue whether your statement is right or not.
★Children tend to speak out of turn when they are young, saying things that are not polite and doing things that are not civilized. If parents then hard to give the rules, it will suppress the child's interest in the show, so that the child has become a "very understanding" of the small adult is not lovely, the age of the child simply do not care, no matter what may be more conducive to the growth of children in a healthy manner.
★Toddlers learning to paint do not know what is the painting method of painting theory, his all knowledge is to rely on "practice", is in the "concrete dry" learned.
★Children's paintings are just a process of children's growth, it is artistic, but not really a work of art is creative design, the effect can be foreseen, there is a high degree of thoughtfulness. It is the product of rational thinking, is the perfect combination of ideas and skills. Children's paintings have a great deal of arbitrariness, the effect of the picture is not to be sought, and the children themselves do not know what the painting will look like in the end. Therefore, it is wrong to try to train painters by learning adult things at an early age. Some of the children who learn to paint may grow up to be painters, but the goal of our training is not to be painters.
★For the children's paintings, parents can not ask too much, a class a picture of thinking, painting and other people are not the same, a little unique even if it is good, can not ask the children to paint everywhere better than others, it is impossible.
★The child's first attempt at painting, although very much like. But the painting is very unfamiliar, more or less still a little timid, the picture may not be ideal. If the parents at this time to the child's painting to give full affirmation, it will give the child note strength and confidence. If the child puts his heart and soul into it, he may not always succeed, but if he is not allowed to try, he will never succeed.
★There are some parents who say they don't know how to draw children's paintings, so how can they counsel their children at home? If it is a preschooler is good, I can give you a "square" son, you only need to prepare a pile of your child's painting children quite good, good, great "high hat" constantly on the head of the child, the child in your encouragement, must be painted! The child will be very happy and engaged in the painting under your encouragement. The work done by the child in this state of mind will not be bad at all. Experts refer to young children's drawings as error-free subjects, so it's not too much to ask how they're "tossed".
★Don't take children's painting as a matter of fact, it's no different from children playing with sand. After the painting, you can comment on it, and after the game, you can go away, this is the nature of the children's work, they do not have so many rules.
★The test is actually a kind of adult imposed on children, which is not in line with the children's psychological and physiological "practice" activities. The examination of the original easy and free painting, unscientifically divided into various levels, and lead the students to the constant upgrading, pass up, so that students carry a heavy burden of thought, deviating from the child learning to paint is to improve the imagination and creativity of the purpose of running the school. The leveling up is a false "success" created by both teachers and parents.
★Kindergarten selection is to see whether the picture is clean, beautiful, painting like; expert selection is to see whether the picture has the author's true feelings and creativity, which is the difference between the two methods, but also painted a "messy" painting selected, clean and beautiful paintings but the reason why the election.
★Children in the painting if always dissatisfied, just want to modify or change the paper painting, saying that the painting is wrong, this shows that the children have reached the transition period, they have doubts about the authenticity of their own paintings, they began to like to paint like and worship the adults of the paintings, and is no longer willing to paint the childhood full of fantasy, whimsical, out of proportion, illogical, higher than the building of the paintings.
★Parents say that it is possible to ask the chronic child to draw faster and the acute child to draw slower, balanced and balanced. In fact, there is no need for that at all, there are fine products in the rush, slow more skillful craftsmen, painting can only affect the character, but can not change the character.
★Appreciation of children's paintings have two misunderstandings: one is to explain children's paintings with the eyes of adults; the second is to treat children's paintings as a kind of professional technology.