Tang Chang'an City, there are three groups of palace groups, namely, the west within the Taiji Palace, the east within the Daming Palace, the south within the Xingqing Palace, of which the Xingqing Palace was built later, not involved here, to be introduced later. Before also in Chang'an, Luoyang, outside of a number of Palace Museum, some of which are more important, many important historical events have taken place there, so it is necessary to briefly be introduced. & gt; a, Taiji Palace within the West Taiji Palace is the Sui Wendi period of construction of Daxing City built a huge group of palaces, then called Daxing Palace. After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, changed Daxing City for Chang'an, changed Daxing Palace for Taiji Palace, became the political center of the Tang Dynasty. In order to more clearly introduce the Taiji Palace, it is necessary to make an introduction to the basic layout of the city of Chang'an: Tang Chang'an City is divided into three major parts, namely, the Palace City, the Imperial City and the outer city. In addition to Taiji Palace, the Palace City also included the Palace of the Imperial Palace and the Palace of the East, the former located in the west of the Palace of the Imperial Palace, the latter located in its east, respectively, for the concubines and the Prince of the residence. The Palace City is located in the northernmost part of Chang'an City, backed by Longshouyuan, a high slope running from west to east outside Chang'an City, and to the south of the Palace City is the Imperial City. The Imperial City was the seat of the *** organs of the Tang Dynasty and the administrative center of the Tang Dynasty. Beyond the Imperial City was the outer city, where the towns, officials and people lived. Whether it is the outer city or the Imperial City, Palace City, there are tall rammed earth walls, very majestic. > Taiji Palace archaeology measured 2820.2 meters long east and west, north and south 1843.6 meters long. There are five gates in the south, the center of the door is called Chengtianmen (location in today's Lianhu Park, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, the south wall), outside the door and the Imperial City between the east and west of the cross-street width of more than 300 paces, is the city of Chang'an's widest street, in fact, it is a square. The Chengtian Gate was the place where the "outer court" was held. Whenever there was a great national ceremony, such as the change of the new year, amnesty, New Year's Day, the winter solstice, as well as military parades, prisoners of war and so on, the emperor would ascend to the Chengtian Gate to hold the great ceremony. Taiji Palace in front of the hall called Taiji Hall, is held in the "dynasty" of the place, every month of the solstice of the dynasty are held here. Taiji Hall north of the Hall of two Yi is held in the "internal" place, "often listen to the day and see things" ("six Tang Dynasty" Volume 7 "Ministry of Public Works"). Including these two halls, Taiji Palace **** there are sixteen halls, located in the center line in addition to these two halls, there are Ganlu Hall, Yanjia Hall. In these four halls on both sides of the Hall of Wude, Chengqing Hall, Anren Hall, Zhaoqing Hall and a large number of architectural complexes, the famous display of portraits of ministers Lingyi Pavilion is also in the Taiji Palace. Taiji Palace, the north door that is the Xuanwumen, where the protection of the Palace of the heavy military, the so-called "Xuanwumen mutiny" is here. & gt; out of the Xuanwumen is the West Court, there are court walls around, and stationed in the forbidden army, can be from the north to defend the safety of the palace. Chengtianmen Street opposite the Imperial City, in the north there is no wall, while the south side of the Palace City has a high wall. Standing on the wall of the Imperial City, one could overlook everything in the Imperial City from a high vantage point. The wide Chengtianmen Street is actually a piece of open space, and the width is more than a stone's throw away, this design is important to ensure the safety of the southern side of the palace. & gt; Tang Chang'an city of this architectural layout formed the pattern of the city of the city, Taiji Palace is in the center of Chang'an City, reflecting the supremacy of the emperor's position, but also conducive to the safety and security of the palace, this architectural pattern of the capital city of the later generations of the planning of a wide range of influences. > Second, Daming Palace Daming Palace was originally built in the eight years of Zhenguan (634) for his father to build a summer palace, then called Yongan Palace, not yet fully completed, Li Yuan died. It was located on the Longshou Yuan in the north of Chang'an City, i.e., within the forbidden garden in the northeast corner of Chang'an City, and its southern wall was the northern wall of the outer city, as if Chang'an City had suddenly grown a head. In the second year of Longshuo (662), Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty carried out another large-scale expansion, and in the following year, Emperor Gaozong moved to the Daming Palace to live and deal with imperial affairs. Since then, in addition to the outside, all the emperors of the Tang Dynasty have lived here, so that its political center by the Taiji Palace transferred to the Daming Palace. > Daming Palace is located in today's Shaanxi Xi'an Railway Station, more than one kilometer north east of the Longshou Yuan, measured Palace City, the west wall is 2,256 meters long, the north wall is 1,135 meters long, the south wall is 1,674 meters long, the east wall is 2,614 meters long, slightly wedge-shaped. Daming Palace south wall and Taiji Palace with five gates, the center of the main gate called Danfengmen, Danfengmen Street is 120 paces wide. Danfengmen and Chengtianmen similar, where the change of the new year, amnesty, offering prisoners and other major events, the emperor should ride Danfengmen Castle presided over. > Daming Palace is the main hall is the Hall of Containing Yuan, it and Danfengmen and Xuanzheng Hall, Zichen Hall and other halls in the same axis, constituting the main building of the Daming Palace. Containing the yuan hall on both sides of the east and west sides of the > Containing the yuan hall site of the Daming Palace measured map Xiangluan, perched phoenix two pavilions, and its rammed earth foundation archaeological measured high three meters high, east and west 75.9 meters long, north and south width of 42.3 meters, left and right on both sides of the formation of sloping steps of the Dragon's Tail Road by the flat through the hall. Containing the Yuan Hall is held "outside the Palace" of the place, but also at that time the city of Chang'an's most magnificent building, very magnificent, standing in front of the Hall of Containing the Yuan, the Terminal South Mountain is clearly visible, Chang'an City in front of you. Now although the ground building is gone, but standing on the site of its palace can still be experienced when the day to climb the far and wide view of the scene. > Hanyuan Hall after the Xuanzheng Hall is the emperor held "in the dynasty" place, behind the Zichen Hall is held "within the dynasty" place, Zichen Hall northwest of the Hall of Yan Ying is the emperor summoned to meet the prime minister of the place of political discussion, and the formation of the "Yan Ying call to the right". The system of "Yanying summoned to" was in an increasingly important position in the political life of the middle and late Tang Dynasty. The famous Linder Hall complex was built in the Tang Dynasty during the reign of Emperor Gaozong Linder (664-666), the front, middle and back of the three halls are connected to the main hall of the middle hall, and there are corridors around, and the East Pavilion, West Pavilion, and Yuyi, Jieyin building symmetry, the creation of China's ancient architectural art of a new style. Archaeology measured the base of the temple site east-west width of more than 70 meters, north-south length of 130 meters, the scale is very large. Here is the emperor summoned foreign envoys and held a grand banquet place. > Daming Palace in addition to the main buildings described above, in the central axis of the Hall and Penglai Hall, with Liang Hall, Xuanwu Hall, east and west sides of the Pearl Mirror Hall, the Hall of Qing Si, Taihe Temple, Aya Cherry Hall, Bath Hall, Xuan Hui Hall and the Purple Orchid Hall, with ice Hall, Chengxiang Hall, Dafu Hall, the Hall will be celebrated, Jinluan Hall and other buildings. Because the Daming Palace is located in the east of the Taiji Palace, it is also known as the East inside. Daming Palace and Taiyi Pond, which is located on the central axis, north of the Hall with Liang, Xuanwu Hall south of the middle position, is the city of Chang'an, a large-scale Royal Court pool. In recent years, the archaeological team in the Taiyi Pond south bank site for an area of more than 2,800 square meters of excavation, revealing the remains of the south bank of the middle of the pool bank, the bank slope is unevenly steep, the shoreline is curved. Inside the pool, there are railings on the shore of the water corridor and water pavilion class building remains, initially revealed to the world around the Tai Liquid Pool corridors connected to the vastness of the grandeur of the water. The real face of the Daming Palace can not be said to fully understand, I believe that with the development of the archaeological cause, more mysteries will continue to be revealed, a complete understanding of the full situation of the Daming Palace will not be too long. & gt; Third, the Palace of the Museum & gt; Tang Dynasty emperors and other dynasties, as the emperor, also built a lot of Palace of the Museum, mainly concentrated in Chang'an, around Luoyang. The size of these palaces varied, some of which were remodeled on the basis of the previous dynasty's palaces, some of which were expanded on the basis of the Li family's old house, and of course, some of which were newly built. Details are as follows: > Longyue Palace, located in Li Guan Village, west of the city of Gaoling County, present-day Shaanxi. It was the former residence of Li, the father of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan, and also the birthplace of Li Yuan, so Li Yuan changed the name to Longyuegong in the sixth year of Wude (623). In the seventh and eighth years of Wude, Li Yuan visited Longyuegong twice. Tang Dezong was changed to Xiuzhen Guan, enshrined with the true face of Gaozu, later Liang when the abolition of the abolition. Qingshan Palace, located in today's Shaanxi Wugong County, eighteen miles south of the banks of the Wei River, due to the scouring of the Wei River current, the former site has long been washed away, became the riverbed. According to the "Chang'an Zhi" records, Tang Gaozu Li Yuan in Wugong **** have three residences, only the Qing Shan Palace is both the Gaozu's old house, but also the birthplace of Emperor Taizong, so in the first year of the Wude (618) known as the Palace of Wugong, six years renamed the Palace of the Qing Shan, the other two were changed into a Buddhist temple, i.e., the multiplication of the present Temple and the Temple of Baoyi. Wude seven years, Gao Zu driving to Qing Shan Palace, a **** stayed for six days. After the reign of Emperor Taizong, in Zhenguan six years (632) led the civil and military officials to drive to the Palace of Qing Shan, a feast of ministers and the old man. Emperor Taizong wrote a poem and ordered the composer Lu Cai to play the music, which was called "Successful Celebration of Good Works", and he ordered 64 children to dance to praise the achievements of Emperor Taizong. After that, Emperor Taizong visited Qing Shan Palace several times and expanded it. Later, Li Shimin in order to honor his mother, then changed the Qing Shan Palace for Ci De Temple, the specific time is not known. > Tongyi Palace, located in the Tang Dynasty Chang'an City, west of the west street of Zhuzhuyi Tongyi Square. Here was originally Li Yuan's former residence in Chang'an, Wude six years (623) renamed Tongyi Palace. In the first year of Zhenguan (627), Emperor Taizong issued an edict to change it into a nunnery. Jiucheng Palace, located in the new city center of Linyou County in present-day Shaanxi Province. According to the records, the Tang Jiucheng Palace was originally Sui Renshou Palace, built in the thirteenth year of Emperor Kaihuang of Sui Dynasty (593), supervised by Chancellor Yang Su. Since the palace was located in the mountainous area, the road was rugged and the project was so huge that thousands of workers died of exhaustion. Emperor Wen was furious, but he loved the palace so much that instead of punishing Yang Su, he rewarded him with a large sum of money. Emperor Wen was soon so impressed by the beautiful architecture and scenery of the palace that he changed the name of the palace from Kai Huang to Ren Shou. In the second year of Renshou (602), Empress Dugu died in Renshou Palace first. In the fourth year of Renshou, Emperor Wen of Sui also died in Renshou Palace. Tang Zhenguan early, Emperor Taizong because of the war in the north and south of the disease, group of ministers suggested building away from the palace to avoid the heat, Emperor Taizong decided to Sui Renshou Palace as the basis for repairs, and renamed as the Palace of Jucheng. From the sixth year of Zhenguan (632) to the eighteenth year (644), Emperor Taizong visited Jiucheng Palace five times to escape the summer heat. The ingenious design of this royal garden, with its natural scenery and man-made architecture, attracted many literati in the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty artists Li Sixun, Du Fu, and Li Shangyin all visited the palace and left many poems. Li Sixun, a painter of the Tang Dynasty, had painted "Jucheng Palace Fan", and his son, Li Zhaodao, also painted "Jucheng Palace". As for the "Sweet Spring Inscription Stele of Jiucheng Palace", it is a highly-renowned and stable name at home and abroad. It is the masterpiece of Ouyang Xun, a calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty, who is regarded as the master of the Regular Script. Therefore Jiucheng Palace had a great influence both at that time and to the later generations. In the second year of Yonghui of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (651), it was changed to Wannian Palace. In the second year of Qianfeng (667), the old name was restored. > Yuhua Palace, located in the north of present-day Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province, north of Jinlock Township, Yuhua Village, north of the mountains, south of Tongchuan City, about forty kilometers. Constructed in Tang Gaozu Wude seven years (624), then named Renzhigong. Because Renzhi Palace is a set of summer vacation, leisure and hunting as one of the resorts, Taizong then in the twenty-first year of Zhenguan (647) ordered the construction of the Yuhua Palace, the original Phoenix Valley Renzhi Palace building as the main body, with exquisite stone bridges, corridors will be northwest of the Lanzhi Valley and northeast of the Coral Valley connected to a large palace. The name of the palace has been documented *** six, namely, Yu Hua Hall (the main hall), north of which is the Pai Yun Hall, and then the north is the Hall of Qing Yun, and Qing Fu Hall, Fai and the Hall (Palace of the Crown Prince), Sucheng Hall (later changed to Sucheng Yuan). Coral Valley in the northeast of the Phoenix Valley also built a separate temple. The whole of Mount Yu Hua east and west more than ten miles of three valleys *** repair nine lofty palace, five tall and gorgeous Palace Gate, the middle of the bridge and corridors connected, known as the Yuhua Palace. As this place is better than the nine summer Palace, plus from Chang'an is also close, so the late Emperor Taizong often will be here as the best choice for summer vacation. Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty was a great believer in Buddhism, and after his accession to the throne, in the second year of the Yonghui reign (651), he changed the Yuhua Palace into a temple. In the fourth year of the Xianqing period (659), a famous monk asked for a quiet place to translate Buddhist scriptures, so the emperor invited him to live in Yuhua Temple and lead the translation work. With the arrival of Xuanzang's monks and disciples, Yuhua Temple really became a Buddhist shrine. From the archaeological discoveries and research results in recent years, the place where Xuanzang's monks and disciples translated the sutras is the main hall of the former Yuhua Palace, the Yuhua Hall. Here, surrounded by pines, quiet exception. Xuanzang monks and disciples in Yuhua Temple from the first day of the first month of the Hianqing five years (660) began to translate the Sanskrit **** 200,000 ode to the "Mahaparinirvana Sutra" to the Longshuo three years (663) completed in the winter months of the twenty-third day, which lasted three years whole. Soon, Xuanzang died in the Yu Hua Temple, followed by the monks and disciples also left one after another, since the Yu Hua Palace will be cold down. > Cuiwei Palace, is located in today's Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, Chang'an District, Huangyu Temple Village, the village of the mountains, in the depths of the Qinling Mountains. Cuiwei Palace was first called Taihe Palace, Tang Gaozu Wude eight years (625) built. Zhenguan twenty-one years (647), Emperor Taizong rebuilt Taihe Palace, and renamed Cuiwei Palace. Tang Emperor Xianzong Yuanhe abolished the palace for the temple, Song Emperor Taipingxingguo three years (978) renamed Yongqing Temple, Ming and Qing Dynasty restoration. Now in addition to the remains of the wall, tower stone scattered outside, the ground building has disappeared. Cuiwei Palace is located at an altitude of 1300 meters above sea level, 900 meters higher than the city of Xi'an, coupled with vegetation, terrain, seasonal influences, the average annual temperature here is lower than in Xi'an 6 ℃ or so, which is the Gaozu and Emperor Taizong built the summer palace here the fundamental reason. Cuiwei Palace palace building is not available, only know that there is Cuiwei Hall, with the wind Hall and other palace name. In the last three years of Emperor Taizong's life, two years of summer were spent in Cuiwei Palace, and eventually died here. It is mentioned above that Emperor Xianzong of the Tang Dynasty converted Cuiwei Palace into a Buddhist temple in the Yuanhe period, and some scholars believe that the time of the conversion should be at the end of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty's Tianbao period or during the reign of Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty. > Huaqing Palace, located in today's Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, thirty kilometers east of Lintong District, at the foot of Mount Li. It was named after Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, but it has a long history as a palace for the emperor, and was used as a tourist attraction as early as the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The construction of the palace, centered on a hot spring bath, began during the reign of Emperor Tang Xuanzong. If the foundation of the royal palace was initially laid with the construction of the hot spring bath, the large-scale expansion of the bath made it one of the most important palaces in the east of Chang'an. Since then, successive generations have built here, thus making the utilization of Mount Li hot springs reach a new stage. In the 18th year of Zhenguan (644), Emperor Taizong ordered Yan Lide to build a palace on Mount Li and gave it the name Tangquan Palace. Tang Emperor Xianheng three years (672), renamed Hot Spring Palace. Tang Xuanzong Tianbao six years (747), officially named Huaqing Palace, to take "hot springs birochong and since the waves, Huaqing swinging evil and difficult to old" meaning. The soup pool in the palace is also known as Huaqing Pond, and its name has been used until today. > Tang Dynasty's Huaqing Palace made full use of the local terrain, making it a structured, majestic and magnificent huge palace complex. The main halls are centered on hot springs, all laid out on the surface of the floodplain fan in front of the mountain, constituting the core of Huaqing Palace. Then to the mountain and the mountain unfolding, the use of the Huaqing Pond Guifei soup site shape features, set up different types and uses of the pavilions and pavilions. The mountain is covered with green pines and cypresses, and there are Zhilan Valley, Lychee Garden, Hibiscus Garden, Pear Garden, Pepper Garden, East Garden, etc., which are full of vitality everywhere. Buildings leaning on the mountain facing the water, lined up, surrounded by the city of Luo. The main buildings include the left and right Hongwen Hall, the left and right court halls, the left and right martial arts halls, the back hall, the front hall, the Yaoguang Building, the Flying Frost Hall, the Hall of Eternal Life, the Hall of the Jade Maiden, the Hall of the Seven Sacred Sacred Sacred Sacred Sacred Sacred Sacred Sacred Sacred Sacred Sacred Sacred Sacred Sacred Halls, the House of Virtue, the Feather Account, and the Yaodan Temple. Flying Frost Hall is the place where Emperor Xuanzong stayed, south of which is the Royal Soup Nine Dragons Hall. Nine Dragons also known as Lotus Soup, Lotus Soup in the northwest is given bath soup, also known as Begonia Soup. Pool with stone, shaped like a blooming begonia. Yang Guifei long bathed in this, later generations simply called Guifei Pond. Emperor Xuanzong visited Huaqing Palace almost every October and returned to Chang'an at the end of the year. From the second year of Kaiyuan (714) to the fourteenth year of Tianbao (755) of the forty-one years, he has been to Huaqing Palace more than thirty times, and even twice a year. Therefore, it can be said that the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty is the most prosperous period of Huaqing Palace. & gt; after the Anshi Rebellion, due to political instability, although some emperors occasionally go, but the number of times is very limited, so that the Huaqing Palace gradually cooled down. In the Huaqing Palace lost the previous prosperous scene at the same time, the temple also can not be timely repair, not only so, but also inevitable human damage. For example, during the reign of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty, the great eunuch Yu Chaoen demolished the buildings of Huaqing Palace in order to build Zhangjing Temple. In the later Jin Dynasty, the temple was converted into the Lingquan Temple and given to Taoist priests. By then, the place was already in a state of disrepair. To the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and a certain degree of repair, the current Huaqing Pond largely retained the basic pattern of the early Qing Dynasty. > Fengtian Palace, built in the first year of Tang Gaozong Yongchun (682), is located in Songyang County, north of the south of Songshan, with the *** placement has not been examined. After the completion, the high emperor once twice lived here. Hongdao first year (683) in December, Gaozong died, issued a posthumous edict to abolish the Fengtian Palace. The following year, that is, the civilization of the first year (684) in February, changed to Songyang view. Sanyang Palace, three years of the Holy calendar (700) November built in Songyang County, with *** placed in the present Henan Dengfeng City, southeast of the town of Suicheng stone murmuring in the mountains. Wu Zetian lived here several times, and with the group of ministers to swim in Shichong Mountain, in the Shichong River on both sides of the boulders there are two inscribed with poems on the cliff monument, recorded at the time of feasting and poems of the event, which is so far left about the Sanyang Palace of the only remains. Chang'an four years (704) in the first month, the imperial decree to destroy the Sanyang Palace, take the wood to build Xingtai Palace. > Xingtai Palace, located in Luozhou Shou'an County, forty miles southwest of Wan'an Mountain, now Yiyang County, Henan Province, Zhaobao Township, West Zhaobao Village, there are still its ruins exist. Xingtai Palace was built in Chang'an in the fourth year, and still existed until the late Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, who once lived here. > Xiangcheng Palace, Tang Taizong Zhenguan fourteen years (640) built, located in Ruzhou Linru County Minggao Mountain, but still have not found its ruins. This palace was built in March of the following year, Emperor Taizong drove here, due to this palace is hot, coupled with the local more poisonous snakes, so Emperor Taizong ordered the abolition of this palace. Therefore, Xiangcheng Palace only existed for half a year.
In addition, along the route between Chang'an and Luoyang, the Tang emperors built a number of palaces, such as the Qiongyue Palace and the Jincheng Palace in Huayin, the Shentai Palace in Zhengxian, the Xiuling Palace in Shaanxian, the Fanggui Palace in Mianchi, the Fuchang Palace in Fuchang, and the Sakishui Palace and Lanfeng Palace in Yongning, which are not mentioned in detail.