Original text:
Pei Gong's army was dominant, but he did not meet Xiang Yu. Pei Gong Sajima Cao Wushang sent a message to Xiang Yu, saying: "Pei Gong wants to be the king of Guanzhong, making Zi Ying the phase, and has all kinds of treasures." Xiang Yu was furious and said, "I am willing to fight to defeat Pei Gong's army!" When it is, Xiang Yu has 400,000 soldiers in Xinfeng Hongmen; Pei, 100,000 soldiers, on the bully.
Fan Zeng said that Xiang Yu said, "When Pei Gong lived in Shandong, he was greedy for money and loved Maggie. Today, when I entered the customs, I didn't take my belongings. The woman was lucky. This is not a small ambition. I let people see, all dragons and tigers, colorful. This son of heaven is also angry. Don't lose it! "
Chu Zuobo, Xiang Fuye, Su Liang. Sean was Pei Gong's servant at that time, and Xiang Bo was Pei Gong's servant at night. When he met Zhang Liang privately, he wanted to tell Sean to go with him and said, "Don't die of everything." Sean said, "I sent Pei Gong to see korean king. Pei Gong was anxious and had to be silent when he died. "
Good is good, just tell Pei Gong. Pei Gong was frightened and said, "Why?" Sean said, "Who is the king?" Yue: "I said,' If you leave the pass, you can be king in Qin.' So listen. "Liang said," Are Wang's soldiers enough to be the king of Xiang? " Pei Gong was silent and said, "It's better to be solid. What can you do? "
Sean said, "Tell Xiang Bo that Pei Gong dare not carry Wang Xiang." Pei Gong said, "What does Jun 'an have to do with Xiang Bo? "Sean said:" I traveled with the ministers in the Qin Dynasty. Xiang Bo killed someone, but the ministers survived. I am in a hurry, so I am glad to tell you. " Pei Gong said, "Who is younger than you?" Liang said, "I am longer than the minister." Pei Gong said, "Call someone for me. My brother has gone to take care of it. "
Sean went out to find Xiang Bo. Xiang Bo went to see Pei Gong at once. Pei Gong takes drinking as his life, which is related to marriage. He said: "When I entered the customs, I was afraid to go near Qiu. I am a bureaucrat and a citizen. I sealed the treasury and waited for the general. Therefore, those who will be sent to guard the customs should be prepared for his theft and abnormality. Looking at the general day and night, how dare you violate it! I hope that the minister's words will not be repeated. "
Xiang Bo promised, and Pei Gong said, "You must come to thank Xiang Wang when you are alive." Pei Gongping: "Promise." So Xiang Bo rushed to the army overnight and repeated the words to Wang Xiang. So he said, "How dare you enter the customs without breaking through the Guanzhong first? Today's people have made great achievements, and it is unjust to hit them. It is better to meet it because of goodness. " Wang Xiang agreed.
Pei Gong rode more than a hundred miles to see Wang Xiang and arrived at Hongmen. Xie Yue said, "I fought against the general in Qin, the general in Hebei and the minister in Henan. However, I didn't expect to be able to enter the customs and break the Qin Dynasty first, so I had to say goodbye to the general here. There is a villain's words today, which will teach all the generals and ministers a lesson. " Wang Xiang said, "This is what Pei Gong and Cao said. Why else would the book be here? "
Wang Xiang stayed with Pei Gong and drank on the same day. Wang Xianghe and Xiang Bo are sitting in the east; Father sits south,-father, Fan Zeng also; Pei Gong sits in the north; Sean is waiting in the west. Fan Zeng has many kings, three of which are shown in the jade slips she wears, while Wang Moran should not. Fan Zengqi got up and went out to call Xiang Zhuang, saying, "Your majesty is unbearable. If you want to live a long life, please dance the sword and kill Pei Gong. If not, if it is all, it will be captured! "
Zhuang is a birthday girl. On his deathbed, he said, "Wang and Pei Gong are drinking, and the army is not happy. Please dance with the sword. " Wang Xiang said, "Promise me." Xiang Zhuang drew his sword and danced. Xiang Bo also drew his sword and danced. He often covers himself with his wings, but Zhuang is not allowed to fight.
So Sean went to the military gate to see Fan Kuai. Fan Kuai asked, "What's the matter today?" Liang said, "This is urgent! Today, Xiang Zhuang has drawn his sword, which means that he is always Pei Gong. " Moo: "This is urgent! Please come in and die with me. "
Kuang entered the military gate with a sword and shield. Fu Ji's bodyguard wants to stop. Fan Kuai raised his shield with a thud, and all the guards fell to the ground. With a bang, he went in, put on a veil, stood in the west, his hair tilted up, and his eyes looked at Xiang Wang with dryness. Wang Xiang pressed his sword and said, "Who is the guest?" Sean said: "It is also possible for Pei Gong to participate in Fan Kuai." King Xiang said, "Warriors! -give it a drink. "
Then fight with wine. Thank you. Get up and drink right away. Wang Xiang said, "Give it a shoulder." Then I will bear this burden with my life. Fan Kuai threw the shield on the ground, shouldered it, drew his sword and spat it out. King Xiang said, "Warriors! Can you drink again? " Fan Kuai said, "I don't want to avoid death, so I drink my wine and quit! Her husband, King Qin, has the heart of a tiger and a wolf. If you can't kill, you are afraid of being punished, and the world is rebellious.
Chu Huaiwang made an agreement with all the generals:' The one who first breaks the Qin Dynasty and enters Xianyang is king.' Today, Pei Gong first broke the Qin Dynasty and entered Xianyang, but he dared not go near. He closed the official residence and returned to the army to wait for the arrival of the king.
Therefore, people who will keep the customs should be prepared for him to steal in and out. Hard work and high work, the marquis is not paid, but listens to the details. If you want to punish the meritorious service, Ben will continue to kill Qin. Steal for the king and not take it! King Xiang did not answer and said, "Please sit down." "Fan Kuai is a good teacher.
Vernacular translation:
Cao Wushang, who was in charge of military and political affairs in Liu Bang's army, sent someone to see Xiang Yu, saying, "Liu Bang wants to be king in Guanzhong and let Zi Ying be prime minister. All the treasures are in Liu Bang's hands. Xiang Yu was very angry and said, "Reward the soldiers tomorrow and defeat Liu Bang's army for me! "At that time, 400,000 troops of Xiang Yu were stationed in Xinfeng Hongmen;
Liu Bang stationed 65,438+10,000 troops on the tyrant. Fan Zeng advised Xiang Yu: "When Pei Gong was in the east of Xiaoshan, he was greedy for money and goods and loved beautiful women. Now that he has entered the customs, he doesn't plunder property or have a crush on women, which shows that he is ambitious. I asked people to see his luck there, all in the shape of dragons and tigers and colorful. This is the cloud of the son of heaven. Fast break, don't lose the opportunity. "
Xiang Bo, Zuo Yin of Chu Jun, is Xiang Yu's uncle and has always had a friendly relationship with Sean of Liu Hou. Sean is following Liu Bang at this moment. Xiang Bo rode to Liu Bang's military camp overnight, met Sean privately, told him in detail, and wanted to ask Sean to go with him, saying, "Don't die with them."
Sean said, "I escorted Pei Gong for korean king. Now Pei Gong is in a critical situation, and running away is a breach of promise. I must tell him. " So Sean went in and told Liu Bang in detail. Liu Bang was frightened and said, "What should I do?" Sean said: Who gave the king this plan? "
He said: "A shallow and ignorant villain advised me to say,' Hold the Hangu Pass and don't let the princes in. The land of Qin can be occupied and become a king. "So I listen to him." Sean said, "Is it estimated that the king's army is comparable to that of Wang Xiang? Liu Bang was silent for a while and said, "Of course not. What's the use? "
Sean said: "Please tell Xiang Bo personally that Liu Bang dare not betray Wang Xiang." Liu Bang said, "How do you have friendship with Xiang Bo?" Sean said: "In the Qin Dynasty, he interacted with me, and Xiang Bo killed someone, so I left him alive;" It's urgent now. Fortunately, he came to tell me. "Liu Bang said: Who is older than him and who are you?"
Sean said, "Bigger than me." Liu Bang said, "Please invite him in for me. I treat him like a brother." Sean went out and invited Xiang Bo. Xiang Bo went in to see Liu Bang. Liu Bang proposed to propose a toast to Xiang Bo with a glass of wine, and made an appointment with Xiang Bo to let him marry his children and in-laws. He said, "When I entered Guanzhong, I didn't dare to take anything for myself. I registered the officials and people, closed the warehouse and waited for the arrival of the general.
The reason why we want to send generals to guard Hangu Pass is to guard against the entry of other thieves and unexpected changes. I look forward to the general's arrival day and night. How dare I resist? I hope you can tell Wang Xiang that I dare not betray Ender. Xiang Bo agreed and told Liu Bang, "Tomorrow morning, I must personally apologize to Wang Xiang." . "
Liu Bang said, "Good." So Xiang Bo left overnight and returned to the barracks, reporting Liu Bang's words to Xiang Yu. He took the opportunity to say, "How dare you come in without tackling the problem first? Since people have made great contributions, attacking them is treachery. It is better to treat him well. " King Xiang agreed.
The next morning, Liu Bangrang 100 people rode with him to see Xiang Yu. When he arrived in Hong Men, he apologized to Xiang Yu and said, "I joined forces with the general to attack the State of Qin. The general fought in the north of the Yellow River, and I fought in the south of the Yellow River. But I didn't expect to enter the customs first, destroy Qin, and see the general here again.
Now there is a rumor made by a villain, which misunderstood you and me. Xiang Yu said, "This is what Sa Ji Ma Cao Wushang of Pei Gong said. If not, how can I be so angry? " Wang Xiang left Liu Bang on the same day to drink with him. Xiang Yu and Xiang Bo sit facing east; Father Ya sits facing south. Father is Fan Zeng, Liu Bang faces north and Sean faces west. Fan Zeng winked at Wang Xiang many times, and repeatedly raised his jade Jue to signal Wang Xiang, but Wang Xiang was silent and did not respond.
Fan Zeng got up, went out, called Xiang Zhuang and said, "Your Majesty is kind to others. You go in and toast him. After that, please let me dance the sword. Take the opportunity to kill Pei Gong's seat, otherwise, you will all be captured by him! " Xiangzhuang went in to propose a toast. After drinking, he said, "Your Majesty and Pei Gong are drinking. There is nothing in the barracks that can be used for entertainment. Please let me dance the sword.
Xiang Yu said, "Good." Xiang Zhuang drew his sword and Xiang Bo drew his sword and danced, often covering Liu Bang with open arms like a bird spreading its wings. Xiang Zhuang couldn't have assassinated him. So Sean went to the gate of the military camp to find Fan Kuai.
Fan Kuai said, "How was today?" Sean said: "This is crucial! Now Xiangzhuang is dancing the sword, and his intention is always on Pei Gong! " Fan Kuai said: "This is so critical! Please let me in and live and die with him. " So Fan Kuai rushed into the military gate with a sword and shield. The guards who crossed the gate tried to stop him from entering with a halberd. Fan Kuai slapped a horizontal shield, and the guards fell to the ground.
Fan Kuai walked in, lifted the curtain, and faced the West Railway Station, staring at Wang Xiang, with his hair straight and his eyes chapped. Xiang Yu stood up with a sword in his hand and asked, "What do guests do?" Sean said: "Pei Gong participated in Fan Kuai."
Xiang Yu said, "Brave men! Give him a glass of wine. " Left and right handed him a large glass of wine, Fan Kuai thank humbly, stood up and drank the wine. Xiang Yu said, "Give him a pig's front leg." Left and right gave him an immature pig's front leg. Fan Kuai buckled the shield on the ground, put the pig's leg (on the shield), drew his sword, and cut it to eat.
Xiang Yu said, "Brave men! Can you still drink? " Fan Kuai said, "I'm not afraid of death. What can I say no to a glass of wine? The king of Qin has the heart of a tiger and a wolf. He was afraid of killing people and punishing people for using up torture, so everyone in the world betrayed him. Chu Huaiwang made an agreement with the generals: "The first person who defeated Qin Jun and entered Xianyang was named the King of Guanzhong. "
Now Pei Gong first defeated Qin Jun and entered Xianyang. He dared not use anything, closed the palace, and the army retreated to the overlord, waiting for the arrival of the king. The reason why the general was specially assigned to guard Hangu Pass was to guard against the entry of other thieves and unexpected changes.
Instead of being rewarded by the Marquis, I listened to the slanderers of the villains and wanted to kill those who made meritorious deeds. This is just a continuation of the ruined Qin Dynasty. I don't think the king should take this way. "Xiang Yu was speechless and sat down: Fan Kuai sat down next to Sean.
This article is from the Hongmen Banquet written by Han Sima Qian.
Extended data writing background:
Sima Qian's stepfather was Taishi Gong in the third year of Yuanfeng (BC 108), and he began to write Taishi Gong Shu (hereinafter referred to as Historical Records) in the first year of Shu Tai (BC 104). Later, he was arrested and imprisoned for defending Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty for the defeat and surrender of Li Ling, and was convicted of corruption, which caused great physical and mental trauma.
After he was released from prison, he worked as a secretary and continued to finish his history books with humiliation and enthusiasm. In about two years (9 1 year ago), the book was finally compiled and revised. There are * * * 130 copies, the seventh of which is Biography of Xiang Yu.
The Hongmen Banquet mainly shaped the image of Xiang Yu, which embodied his self-satisfied and outstanding character. With the victory of defeating Qin Jun's main force, he led the army into Hangu Pass, and the closed door seriously damaged his self-confidence and self-esteem, so he sent his troops to tackle the problem;
After entering the customs, I heard that Liu Bang "wanted to be the king of Guanzhong", which stung his conceit and self-esteem, so he immediately decided to attack. However, after learning that Liu Bang's "civil officials sealed the library" was waiting for him to deal with it, he gave up his plan to attack.
More because of his conceit, he didn't regard Liu Bang as his main opponent, and he didn't want to kill him during the dinner. Liu Bang also paid attention to maintaining his dignity, which made him feel "unbearable", so he repeatedly hinted that he should not be silent, and he didn't say anything about the sword dance between Xiang Zhuang and Xiang Bo.
This "unbearable" heart even made him take a particularly tolerant attitude towards Fan Kuai: Fan Kuai was not qualified to attend the meeting and could have scolded him, but he understood Fan Kuai's feelings and gave him wine instead.
Although Fan Kuai's statement has been criticized, he is regarded higher than Wang Huai, which means "seeking reward", which is in line with his conceit. He felt guilty and "failed to respond", so he offered his seat to Fan Kuai.
Conceited and "unbearable" people, although successful for a while, will eventually fail. The author writes that Xiang Yu's reaction after listening to Cao's informer and Xiang Bo's exhortation has formed two extremes, depicting Xiang Yu's indecision, treachery and impulsiveness.
Xiang Yu was written at the Hongmen Banquet, ignoring Fan Zeng's suggestion to kill Liu Bang repeatedly, and did not stop Xiang Zhuang from dancing the sword. He also regarded Fan Kuai's anger as a hero, and left Liu Bang's escape unchecked, showing his indecision everywhere.
Sima Qian described Xiang Yu as a tragic hero. He once commented: "It's a bully's business not to learn lessons from the past, to boast about one's achievements and strive for one's personal wisdom.". He wanted to rule the world by force and died in his own country five years later. " Although this article only writes one side of the characters, it is possible to get a glimpse of the whole leopard.
About the author:
Sima Qian (former 145 or former135-about 87 years ago) was born in xia yang, Western Han Dynasty (now south of Hancheng, Shaanxi). China was a great historian, writer and thinker in the Western Han Dynasty.
Sima Qian was born in a well-off family in Longmen, Yellow River during the period of Wang and Wu in the Western Han Dynasty (unknown time). Sima Qian's grandfather Sima Xi, under the policy that Emperor China had the title of chestnut rice, exchanged 4,000 chestnut rice for the title of nine and five people. As real minions, the whole family had to be forced to serve.
Young Sima Qian studied calligraphy under the guidance of his father Sima Tan. By the age of ten, he had been able to read and recite China's ancient books such as Shangshu, Zuozhuan, Guoyu and Jieben. In the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Sima Tan took Chang 'an, the capital of the Han Dynasty, as the official post, while Sima Qian stayed in Longmen, his hometown, studying hard and continuing his agriculture, reading and animal husbandry.