Review of the achievements of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan
Abstract: This article describes in detail the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and reviews the major achievements of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan in terms of political construction, economic construction, social construction and cultural construction. The paper reviews the major achievements of the 11th Five-Year Plan, which are attributed to the correct leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), and makes expectations for the 12th Five-Year Plan.
Keywords: planning, achievements, political, economic, cultural, social
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I. Introduction to the Eleventh Five-Year Plan
The Eleventh Five-Year Plan is the eleventh Five-Year Plan for the National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China. The Eleventh Five-Year Plan covers the period from 2006 to 2010.On March 14, 2006, the Fourth Session of the Tenth National People's Congress adopted a resolution on the Outline of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for the Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China.
The Eleventh Five-Year Plan was the first five-year plan prepared after the CPC Central Committee put forward the scientific concept of development and the major strategic idea of building a harmonious society. The five years of the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" are five years of in-depth implementation of the scientific concept of development, and five years of overcoming difficulties under the guidance of the scientific concept of development. After five years, the direction of our scientific development is clearer and our steps are more determined.
Second, brilliant eleventh five years
The past five years, extremely extraordinary, we suffered and resisted the severe challenges of the international financial turmoil, experienced the Wenchuan earthquake, the Yushu earthquake, Zhouqu flash floods and mudslides, as well as the south of the rain, snow, snow, ice, drought and floods and other major natural disasters, the successful hosting of the Beijing Olympic Games, the Shanghai Expo, such as international events, and the grand anniversary of the founding of New China and 30th anniversary of the reform and opening up of China. and the 30th anniversary of reform and opening up ......
These are thanks to the leadership of the CPC Central Committee under the general secretary of Comrade Hu Jintao, the whole party and the country to thoroughly implement the scientific outlook on development, accelerate the transformation of the development mode, so as to overcome the difficulties, maintain a stable and relatively rapid development of the economy, and realize a significant increase in the comprehensive national strength, social undertakings, significant improvement in people's lives, significant progress, and a significant improvement of the people's living conditions. The remarkable progress of the comprehensive national strength, social undertakings, people's lives have improved significantly, laying a solid foundation for the formulation and implementation of the "12th Five-Year Plan".
1, political construction
In 2008, in accordance with the requirements of the 17th National Congress of the CPC on accelerating the reform of the administrative system and building a service-oriented government, the State Council carried out the sixth reform of the State Council since the reform and opening up. The reform, which is figuratively known as the "major ministry reform" by all sectors of the society, focuses on promoting scientific development and safeguarding and improving people's livelihoods, and has made important strides in increasing the consolidation of institutions and exploring a major ministry system with organic unity of functions.
During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the transformation of government functions remains the focus and key to deepening reform. The Second Plenary Session of the 17th CPC Central Committee put forward the Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the Administrative Management System, setting the goal of establishing a relatively perfect socialist administrative management system with Chinese characteristics by 2020. The government continues to promote the separation of government and enterprises, government and capital, government affairs, and government and market intermediary organizations, and the government's social management and public ****service functions have been significantly strengthened.The 2008 reform adjusted the number of State Council departments from 28 to 27, which is not a big change in number but is far-reaching in significance, and the "reform of the major ministries system" has been hailed as a new starting point and a new breakthrough in the government's reforms. The reform was hailed as a new starting point and a new breakthrough in government reform.
2, economic construction
From 2006 to 2009, China's gross domestic product (GDP) grew at an average annual rate of 11.4% in real terms, which was 1.6 percentage points faster than the average annual growth rate of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period. In the first half of this year, the growth rate of 11.1% was maintained. At the same time, energy conservation and emission reduction are also being steadily promoted. Compared with 2005, in 2009, chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emissions fell by a cumulative total of 9.66% and 13.14%, "Eleventh Five-Year" sulfur dioxide emission reduction targets were achieved one year ahead of schedule, chemical oxygen demand emission reduction targets were achieved half a year ahead of schedule. "In the first four years of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, energy consumption of 10,000 yuan of GDP dropped by 15.61%, with an average annual decrease of 4.15%. This is China's economy through the ups and downs of the five-year report card, but also the implementation of the scientific concept of development to deliver the examination paper.
"Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, taxation, financial system reform introduced many similar initiatives: 24 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) to carry out the "provincial direct control of counties" financial management system reform pilot, 29 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) are gradually pushing forward! Reform of the financial management system of "township treasury under the control of counties" has been carried out in 29 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and the reform of "township treasury under the control of counties" is being gradually implemented in 29 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities); the new Enterprise Income Tax Law and its implementing regulations have been fully implemented, and the domestic and foreign enterprise income taxes have been harmonized; the value-added tax (VAT) restructuring reform has been comprehensively implemented on the basis of the pilot project; the reforms of the individual income tax and the consumption tax have made substantial progress; and the reforms of the environmental tax and the real estate tax are getting louder; The reform of equity separation of listed companies has been basically completed; the system of benchmark interest rates in the money market has taken initial shape, and the formation mechanism of the RMB exchange rate has been continuously improved.
3. Social Construction
(1) Integration of Urban and Rural Development
The abolition of agricultural taxes and fees such as the agricultural tax and agricultural specialties tax, and the advancement of comprehensive rural reforms with the reforms of township institutions, rural compulsory education, and the county and township financial management systems as the main components. A breakthrough has been made in the reform of the grain purchasing and marketing system, and the reform of the collective forest rights system has been fully advanced.
The Third Plenary Session of the 17th CPC Central Committee adopted the Decision of the Central Committee on Several Major Issues Concerning the Promotion of Rural Reform and Development, laying a solid policy foundation for accelerating the construction of a new socialist countryside and vigorously promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas. Integrating urban and rural development and eliminating the dual structure of urban and rural areas is a major institutional task of overall significance and a complex systemic project. "During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, this reform has evolved from a one-man campaign to a comprehensive and coordinated approach, and in the past five years, the State Council has approved the establishment of eight national comprehensive and coordinated reform pilot zones, including the Pudong New Area in Shanghai, the Binhai New Area in Tianjin, and the Special Economic Zone in Shenzhen, which have been instrumental in accelerating development and opening up and taking the lead in perfecting the socialist market economic system. At present, the initial formation of the East and West interaction, multi-level promotion of the comprehensive matching reform experiment pattern.
(2) Healthcare Reform
In order to solve the problem of "difficult and expensive to see a doctor" which has been strongly reflected by the public, China has opened a new round of medical reform. Since the start of the health care reform in June 2006, the health care reform program has gone through nearly three years of brewing, discussion and modification. 2009 April, the "Central Committee of the State Council on deepening the reform of the medical and health system," and the State Council on the "reform of the medical and health system in the near future focus on the implementation of the program (2009-2011)," announced. The new medical reform proposes that the basic medical and health care system be provided to all people as a public **** product, which is a major innovation in China's medical and health care from concept to system.
During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the pace of construction of China's medical and healthcare service system was significantly accelerated, and the service capacity was comprehensively upgraded. The central government arranged a total of 55.84 billion yuan of special funds to support the construction of nearly 50,000 healthcare institutions, including nearly 2,000 county-level hospitals, 23,000 township health centers, more than 20,000 village health centers, 2,382 community health service centers, and 116 mental health professional institutions. 900 urban tertiary hospitals have set up peer-to-peer support and collaborative relationships with 2,200 county hospitals, and through training and peer-to-peer support, they have been able to build up the capacity of their hospitals to provide healthcare services. The government is also working to improve grassroots service conditions and enhance grassroots service capacity through a variety of means, such as training, counterpart support, and recruitment of practicing physicians.
(3) Coordination of regional development
China's regional economic development has never been as exciting as it was during the 11th Five-Year Plan period, and since 2009 the State Council has raised 12 regional plans to the national level at an unprecedentedly high frequency. The map of China's economic development is being refined, and the focus of regional economic development from south to north, from east to west, one by one, has been defined, step by step in the unfolding. The "Pearl River Delta", "Yangtze River Delta" and "Bohai Rim Economic Zone" have become the three major engines of China's economy, and there are strings of pearls along the coast, three major key economic zones in the west, namely Chengdu-Chongqing, Guanzhong-Tianshui and Beibu Gulf, and three key economic zones in the center, namely Wuhan and Changsha. Economic zone, central Wuhan, Changzhutan city cluster, northeast of Changjitu, Shenyang Economic Zone ...... a time east-west echo, north-south interaction, regional economic network more and more dense, more and more forms of collaboration.
"Eleventh Five-Year" regional economic fruitful, central and western and northeastern regions to accelerate the development of the gap with the national economic growth is narrowing step by step. By 2009, the growth rate of the central, western and northeastern regions surpassed that of the east in one fell swoop, which is unprecedented. in 2009, the central region's share of urban fixed-asset investment in the country was 27.3 percent, up 5.2 percentage points from 2005; the western region accounted for 22.1 percent, up 2.2 percentage points from 2005. In the first half of this year, the growth rate of urban fixed-asset investment in the central, western and northeastern regions remained ahead of that in the east.
4, cultural construction
First, there is a major breakthrough in theory. For example, the proposition of building a harmonious socialist society was put forward, and the need to "build a public *** cultural service system" was proposed as an important way of safeguarding people's cultural rights and interests and realizing a people-oriented approach.
Secondly, investment has been greatly strengthened, with the continued implementation of major projects to strengthen cultural construction, such as the "village-to-village project", the "cultural resources information ****enjoyment project" and the "library project". At the same time, during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the State Planning Commission, the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, and the Ministry of Culture jointly implemented the "Rural Movie Screening 2131 Project"; "Township Comprehensive Cultural Station Project "; and "Farmers' Bookstores". In addition, there are also free access to public *** cultural venues, heritage site protection projects, rare and good books protection, Chinese character libraries and so on.
Third, the input and operation mechanism has changed. Previously, in the field of public **** culture, the government invested exclusively, with little local participation. Now, on the contrary, the central and local **** with the input mode, for different regions to carry out classification guidance. In addition, a variety of input methods are adopted, with the government providing guiding input to fully mobilize the participation of all social forces.
Concluding Remarks
Lumpy clouds, ups and downs, hardships, but also achievements, no matter from which point of view, "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" will be unforgettable five years. It for the upcoming "12th Five-Year Plan" and even the future longer period of economic and social development, leaving a valuable material and spiritual wealth.