: June teaching simulation questions summary Qualification interview after the interview attention
In the written examination for teacher qualification, about Chinese folk songs and dances part of the proportion is not large but will generally appear in the form of single-choice questions, so the candidates still can not ignore this content. This summary is in accordance with the song, dance two parts, sub-national will be summarized points, the key content has a detailed explanation. Because the knowledge is relatively trivial is not easy to memorize, so candidates need to master the basic content of this part.
I. Folk songs
Definition: referred to as folk songs, is the working people in the life and labor of their own creation, their own songs. In the long process of historical development, traditional folk songs survive in the folk by oral creation and oral circulation.
(I) Classification of genres of Han folk songs
1. Horns
The main classifications are:
(1) Carrying Horns: representative works of Heilongjiang region's "Ha Waist Hanging", "Going to Jiangzhou" in Henan, Shanxi, and northern Shaanxi, etc.;
(2) Engineering Horns: such as the "Playing the Ramsong Song" in Changde, Hunan Province
(3) Agricultural bugle: the representative work is the Hubei Qianjiang's "catalyze dong catalyze"
(4) workshop bugle: the representative work is the Shanxi Hequ's "hit the blues" and so on
(5) boat fishing bugle: the representative work is the east of Hebei's "fishermen's bugle", Chongqing to the area of Yibin, Sichuan Province, the "Chuanjiang River Boatmen's bugle," and so on.
The musical and artistic characteristics of the horn are as follows:
(1) direct, simple method of expression and resolute and rugged musical character;
(2) rhythmic rhythm;
(3) repetition of the musical material;
(4) a combination of lead and chorus singing;
(5) the simplicity of the compositional structure. The structure of the song is simple and simple.
2. Mountain songs
Mountain songs are mainly divided into three categories: general mountain songs, grazing mountain songs, and rice-planting mountain songs.
The musical and artistic characteristics of the mountain songs include the following three aspects:
(1) frank methods of expression and passionate, unrestrained musical character;
(2) loud and clear tunes;
(3) the musical structure of the mountain songs is most commonly two-steps and four-steps of the musical structure. The phrase structure of the song is often asymmetrical in terms of the proportion of phrases and rhythmic arrangement, making the music of the song seem free and unrestrained.
3. Minor key
Minor key is also known as a small song or common song, etc., with a balanced structure, rhythmic regularity, delicate tunes, the characteristics of the soft. Minor keys can be divided into three categories: chants, ballads and time tunes.
(1) Chanting: including children's songs, rocking children's songs (lullabies), hawking and customary ceremonies in the chanting.
(2) ballad: the ballad of the artistic formation of the development of more mature than the chanting tune, the length is not large, the section structure is complete, the beat is more standardized. In content, it can be divided into songs of complaint, love songs, life songs and playful songs.
(3) time tune: a long time in circulation, sung in a very wide range.
The minor key has the following artistic characteristics:
(1) narrative and lyrical expression method and twists and turns, delicate musical character;
(2) regular, balanced rhythmic beat;
(3) twists and turns, a variety of spinning;
(4) the minor key of the structure of the most common song is the corresponding type and the beginning of the transition type of two types.
(B) Representative types of folk songs of ethnic minorities
1. Mongolian long and short tunes
Long tunes are represented by "The Vast Grassland"
Short tunes are represented by "Black Satin Shoulder"
2. Uyghur love songs
Folk songs are divided into genres, including love songs, labor songs, and historical songs, life custom songs, encompassing the three music systems of China, Europe and Persia and Arabia.
The Uyghur folk songs are based on the Persian-Arabic system.
3. Solo and Playing Songs of Kazakhs
The representative song of solo song is "Black Lark".
The representative songs of playing songs are "Red Flower".
4. Lyric Ballads of the Korean People
"Arirang", "Erwangdaeng"
"Harvest Song", "Dolaki", which expresses the joy of labor and harvest
"Bitter Daughter-in-Law", which expresses the sufferings of women
"Woling Song", "Release of Flower Diagrams", and "Nine Nine-Nine Multiplication", which are of intellectual content.
Most of the lyric songs have smooth melody and standardized rhythmic structure.
5. Tibetan mountain songs and wine songs
Mountain songs in Tibetan became Li Lu, in the mountains and fields and free singing songs, because of the broad, rhythmic freedom, sentence length, melodic ups and downs, long and high-pitched, very rich in the plateau.
Wine song is called Changlu, is drinking, toast to the song, drinkers must be in accordance with the toast to the song and words in a certain time to complete in turn to receive the wine cup, with the ring finger in the sky like a pop wine three times, drink three mouths of wine, cheers and other procedures. The repertoire of wine songs is very rich, including blessings, prayers, celebrations, festivities, wit or love, etc., the tunes are fresh and smooth, and the mood is natural and spontaneous.
6. Yi? The Four Great Cavities?
The general name of "Yam Cavity", "Four Cavities" and "Five Mountain Cavities". The four cavities have a longer length, rigorous structure, rich content, long and deep tunes, singing skills and other characteristics, is a high level of Yi folk music art varieties.
Second, China's folk dance
(a) Han folk song and dance music
China's Han folk song and dance music in the most representative varieties are the northern rice-planting songs and the southern lanterns, picking tea, which are all song and dance music.
1. Yangge
Definition: popular in the northern Han areas of China, mainly in the first month of the lunar calendar on the 15th of the Lantern Festival in the square performances, is a set of songs, dances, theater as one of the integrated art.
The representative rice-planting songs are Hebei's Jizhong Rice-planting Song, Jidong Rice-planting Song, Shandong's Drum Rice-planting Song, Haiyang Rice-planting Song, Jiaozhou Rice-planting Song, Shanxi's Qitai Rice-planting Song, as well as Shaanxi's Northern Rice-planting Song, Northeastern Rice-planting Song, Hebei Rice-planting Song, etc.
2.
2. Lantern
Mainly popular in China's Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hunan and other provinces.
In addition to the Han Chinese, it is also popular among the local ethnic minorities such as the Dong, Miao, Buyi and Tujia.
In the process of development, the lanterns have formed two main types: one emphasizes dance, with young men and women singing and dancing or singing and dancing; the other emphasizes storyline and characterization, and develops into a folk opera.
The main performance forms of lanterns are: light dance, collective song and dance, small song and dance. Representative lanterns are Yunnan lanterns, Sichuan lanterns, Guizhou lanterns, Hunan lanterns.
The lanterns are accompanied by musical instruments such as huqin, yueqin, sanxian, flute and gongs, drums, cymbals and so on.
3. Tea Picking
Popular in China's southern tea-producing areas, such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan, Guizhou and other provinces of the Han Chinese region, also known as ? Tea song? The song is also called "Tea Song" and "Lamp Song". Lamp song? and "The Song of the Lamps". Tea-picking Lamp? and "Tea Basket Lanterns". Tea Basket Lantern etc.
Tea picking accompaniment instruments are erhu, flute, suona, and gongs, cymbals, etc., over the door or over the field of music to suona-based. The most representative work is the "tea picking lamp" of Longyan, Fujian.
(B) minority folk songs and dances and music and dance
Minority folk songs and dances are varied, need to memorize some of the more widely circulated types.
Representative types:
Uyghur Mukam and Sainam;
Tibetan Nangma, Pile of Harmony, and Potjang;
Korean Nongle Dance, Long Drum Dance, and Yao Bronze Drum Dance;
Mongolian Ande;
Yi's "A Tiao Jumps to the Moon" and "A Tiao Jumps to the Moon". A Tiny Moon Dance of the Yi people. )
The Peacock Dance and Elephant Foot Drum Dance of the Dai;
The Joy Dance and Pestle Dance of the Gaoshan.
This part belongs to the memory type of questions, focusing on memorizing the characteristics of different ethnic groups between the types of music and culture, memory is also needed method, mechanical memory can not achieve the desired results, then you need to find the right tricks in the memory, such as mnemonic, association and so on. From a certain knowledge point in series memory to another knowledge point, and then extract some methods and techniques, so as to better master this part of the content.
Analysis