The little brown mouse, always with a teasing look in his eyes, and often toying with the big gray cat during inadvertent periods.
Their names are Tom and Jerry, the world's most famous cat and mouse, and the longest-lived pair - they've survived for exactly 68 years.
When William Denby Hanna and Joseph Roland Barbera made this pair of living treasures, they probably didn't realize how much they were contributing. This pair of natural born enemies were destined from birth to bring laughter to the world. If you're of the generation that got up at 9:00 a.m. and waited to watch cartoons, then you're going to relate to what I'm about to say. If you're not, it doesn't matter, because Tom and Jerry don't fade with time. On the contrary, the longer they are immersed in the river of time, the more charming they will appear and the more you will be touched. Tom and Jerry's 10-minute clip is much more glamorous than the so-called deep and meaningful animation that we see nowadays.
Overall
The "Cat and Mouse" cartoons were created in 1939 by producer Fred Quimby and directors William Hanna and Joseph Barbera. Following the success of the first animated short, The Cat Gets His Boots, MGM Studios produced more than 100 animated Cat and Mouse films over the course of 25 years. The cartoons were entirely farcical and featured hilarious plots.
"Cat and Mouse" (also known as "Tom and Jerry" Tom & Jerry) is today's world-famous cartoon, its creator William Hanna (William Hanna) and Joseph Barbera (Joseph Barbera) is the United States of America Hollywood animation industry, "Legends! ". William Hanna was born in Melrose, New Mexico, and moved to California with his parents at the age of seven. After growing up, he studied engineering, journalism, and music, and during the Great Depression in the 1930s, he took a part-time job as a story editor at an animation studio. His employer soon discovered his talent, and he continued to be promoted until he became an independent animation director.
Born in New York City, cartoonist Joseph Barbera was gifted with a talent for drawing from an early age, and initially worked at a bank, but in his spare time he was fascinated by animation. His unusual talent and hard work quickly found him a favorite job in an animation studio. 1937 Hannah and Barbera first met in the animation studio of MGM studios. 1938 Hannah engaged in the animated film "Looney Tunes" (Looney Tunes) and "Merrie Melodies" (Merrie Melodies), Barbera in the painting Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies, and Barbera was drawing the animated feature Terrytoons. Hannah, with his comedic talent and renowned directorial organization, and Barbera, with his brilliant drawing talent, recognized the need to form a partnership that began decades of successful collaboration. 1939 they **** co-directed the animated film Puss Gets the Boot for MGM Pictures, which at the time featured a cat named Jasper and a mouse named Jinx. Hannah's story is very vivid, Barbera image drawn very well, especially the cat and mouse expression full of moving humor, the first episode of this cartoon came out in 1940 was a big sensation, welcomed by countless viewers.
Because MGM studios did not like the names of the two main characters in the cartoon, they held a readers' contest and finally changed them to the current Tom and Jerry. Cat and Mouse features an entirely farcical and enthusiastic plot. Tom is a common gray and white house cat, it has a strong desire, always want to catch with it living in the same room but difficult to catch the mouse Jerry, it is constantly trying to drive away these annoying tenants, but always met with failure. In fact, it is in the chase in the fun far more than catching the mouse, even if occasionally caught Jerry, the results do not know exactly what to do with the mouse!
"Cat and Mouse" uses the cat-and-mouse archetype, and their pranks are so much fun that no matter how intense the game is, Jerry knows that he won't get hurt in any real way, while Tom always suffers a little bit of pain. Living in the family's mouse hole with Tuffy the diaper mouse, Jerry looks like he's being watched by Tom, but Jerry is so clever that he can always make Tom's devious tricks backfire, and he always gets what's coming to him. The story of the clever mouse and the stupid cat is comparable to the story of Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck. There is no cruelty of bullying in the animal world, only the daily trivialities and disputes between the two neighbors, such as Jerry the mouse stole Tom's cheese, Tom put the mousetrap in front of Jerry's hole and so on, interspersed with countless pranks and humorous moments, so that people can feel the innocence of a long time ago. The relationship between them often changes in a flash - from enemies to friends or enemies: when they are enemies, they are brainstorming and not giving way to each other; when they are friends, they are as close as brothers, and no one holds any grudges.
"Cat and Mouse" **** has 116 comic images, each episode of the selection of two to three different personalities of the image together, recounting a "gimmick" story. It is a one-dimensional story that is always unexpected but logical, reflecting the author's superhuman intelligence. It adopts the form of pantomime, completely relying on comical actions without dialogue, compared with "Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck", the latter's story actually expresses what, sometimes it is not easy to figure out, while "Cat and Mouse" pantomime is clear and intuitive, giving the audience an extremely distinctive and profound impression. Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck" has been popular in the world for decades, and its modeling, dubbing and strong publicity played an important role, while "Cat and Mouse" has almost no dialogue, relying on vivid images and plot twists and richly imagined stories. Tom and Jerry" before and after *** out more than 200 cartoons, including "silly mouse Yankee" (1943), "please be quiet" (1945), "cat concerto" (1947), "clean mouse" (1948), "two Kettle mice" (1952), and "John the Mouse" (1953) won the Oscar, "the night before Christmas" (1941), "Jack and the Mouse" (1951) ), Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Mouse (1947) was nominated for an Oscar, making it the most awarded animated film in Hollywood animation history.
EARLY BIRTHS
--Hanna-Barbera era (1940-1958)
William DanbyHanna was born on July 14, 1910 He went to college during the Depression and studied architecture. But the good times didn't last long, and financial distress caused him to drop out of school early. His talent for animation led him to a job at the Harman-Ising animation studio in 1930, where he worked for seven years.
Another producer, Joseph Roland Barbera, was born in New York in 1911. Although he always loved animation, he studied at the U.S. Banking School and began his career as an accountant. As tragic as William DanbyHanna was, Joseph lost his job during the Great Depression. After working for a while in the comics section of a magazine, he joined VanBeurenstudio in 1932, where he began to conceptualize the story of Tom and Jerry.The story that Joseph conceived at VanBeurenstudio actually featured two main characters, two clownish antics. Shades of this early conception can still be seen in future Cat and Mouse stories.In 1937 Joseph joined the then fledgling MGM Animation Department, initially as a scriptwriter. William, on the other hand, was one of the first employees of the animation department, working with another animator, William Allen, on a cartoon called CaptainandKids.
It wasn't until 1938 that William and Joseph began working together for the first time on their first feature, Gallopin' Gals, and in 1939 they worked together again, this time on one of animation's most famous characters, TomThecatandJerrythemouse. This was February 10, 1940, and the approximately 9 minute and 15 second long Pussgetstheboot became the first animated feature of Cat and Mouse. From that point on, both the two creators and the pair of cats and mice, they could never be separated again.
Over the next 18 years, they **** created more than 200 Tom and Jerry animations together, won seven Oscars, and in 1940, the pair of cats and mice danced with Gene Kelly in the movies Anchorsaway, Invitationtodance, and then with EstnerWilliams dancing in Dangerouswhenwet. In fact if the pair of cats and mice were actually paid, they might be the richest pair of animals ever. When Fred Quimby of MGM Animation left, they became the two directors of the animation department.
Hard Times
-The Gene Deitch Era (1961-1962)
Just as this pair of living creatures were hitting their stride, MGM disbanded its animation department in 1957 without giving any advance notice, and Joseph and William was out of a job, and they left MGM with unfinished drafts and regrets in what was perhaps the darkest period in the history of animation. Hardly any company would take them in, and they, like Tom in the movie, were kicked out of their home by their owner and wandered the streets. "We didn't have anything to do." Some years later, William recalled, "In fact, we had pretty good films, but we were pessimistic that they might never be wanted again."
At a time of great peril, William and Joseph made a decision that has had an impact to this day: to make animation for what was then a new industry -- television.
At the time, television's influence was not nearly as large as it is today. Television was seen as a spin-off of movies, and almost everything was focused on movies, with TV getting a pathetic slice of the pie. At the time, TV stations could pay a mere $3,000 for a 5-minute cartoon, compared to $45,000-65,000 for a movie. We can see that if MGM hadn't fired all the people in the animation department, they wouldn't have bothered to invest in TV. On the other hand, the rapid popularization of television also allowed "Cat and Mouse" to go global. If they had stuck to the movies, Tom and Jerry might not have been known at all, but William and Joseph clutched at the straw that broke the camel's back. Financial constraints forced them to consider ways to reduce expenses and increase the silliness of the animation. In this case, Limited Activity was created. Limited Motion means "you can fix the character's body, but the rest of the body has to move independently. For example, when the character blinks, the rest of the body must remain fixed. When an arm is extended to pick something up, the body is fixed and only the arm moves". Not only did this concept massively reduce the amount of repetitive labor in animation, but it had a surprisingly effective effect. We still see this concept used in animation today.
In 1960, it finally dawned on the foolish MGM: "So there's a lot of money to be made in this pair of cats and mice!" They went back to work on Tom and Jerry, but instead of William and Joseph, it was Gene Deitch, whose original animation credits included Captain Kangaroo and the Oscar-winning Munro. Czech animation team failed to continue William and Joseph's success. Within 1961-1962, the team made 13 Tom and Jerry animated series, which were generally unsuccessful, although there were some good ones. Their cat-and-mouse characters were not as compelling as they had been, but became just two of the thousands of screen passers-by. tom's cleverness and jerry's cuteness were gone, and all we saw was the cat and mouse tossing plates in boredom over and over again.
Thankfully, they didn't last long, and when their one-year contract expired, MGM kicked them out as well.
The End of Cat and Mouse
--The Chuck Jones Era (1963-1967)
When Warner Brothers, another stupid company, shut down its animation division, MGM struck smartly, and they managed to take on one of the world's most famous animators in Chuck Jones. Chuck Jones, one of the world's most famous animators, had immortalized many of Warner Brothers' characters, such as Bunny Rabbit and Daffy Duck! (I always thought Bunny's carrot-eating moves were sexy.) ChuckJones immediately began cleaning up the mess left by his predecessor GeneDeitch upon entering MGM. He began redesigning the main portrayals of the two main characters. For Tom, he gave him a thicker, bigger brow to show how mean he was, and a big tail that often got him into trouble. For Jarry, Chuck gave him a Japanese cartoon image: big eyes! (Statistics have been done comparing the proportions of Jerry's eyes in the William and Joseph era to those in the ChuckJones era, and amazingly, Jerry's eyes are 20% larger.) As well as bigger, more erect ears. All of this turned Jerry into a teenage girl's beloved pet. In fact, Jerry turned into a Barbie.
There were also changes to the credits, with the original credits being replaced with new ones, and the music was due to become ding dong ding ding ding ding ding ding ding ding ding ding ding ding ding ding ding ding ding ding ding. The iconic MGM opening "The Lion's Roar" was changed to Tom's shout. It's all new and interesting.
While all of this shows a new style for a new working group, Chuck Jones didn't do much to bring wonder to Cat and Mouse; his style was to emphasize the character's poses and personalities, but the story line wasn't strong. Often we see a story that starts off well and then gets weaker and weaker as it goes on. This has worked well in Chuck Jones' other works, but unfortunately it didn't work in Cat and Mouse.
After producing 34 Cat and Mouse stories, MGM finally made the final decision to shut down the languishing animation team. Maybe this was because MGM didn't see the potential in the future of the animated shorts market, but I think more than anything, I think this decision was made because MGM hated Cat and Mouse!
Tom and Jerry have finally been dusted off in the dusty Image Library.
The Return of the King
- The Post-Cat and Mouse Era (1975-present)
After Cat and Mouse had been locked away in the library for eight long years, their creators, William and Joseph, finally decided to create the screen's best pairing again. And their subject is SaturdayMorningTelevision (the Saturday morning 9 o'clock generation we talked about at the beginning).
It wasn't an easy idea. For one thing, the head of the TV station was a cat-and-mouse FAN, but he told William and Joseph that parents were different nowadays, and that they liked to show their kids animation that was getting simpler and lacked violence. And the early cat and mouse animation was overly violent in places, such as hitting each other on the head with various objects until large bags protruded. So he proposed to reduce cat-and-mouse hostility in the animation.
Tom and Jerry may have been good friends in private, but this was a different time, and they had to show their friendship on screen, too. So in the post-cat-and-mouse era, we see scenes where cats and mice often join hands to go exploring or sit on the beach and talk. In Selden's fairy tale "The Adventures of Cricket", we can see this cat-and-mouse scene ......
The pair of cats and mice, attracted a lot of the audience's eyes．
In 1989, William and Joseph created another series for SaturdayMorningTV, "Tom&JerryKids," which also featured kittens in hats and smaller mice.
William died on March 23, 2001 at the age of 90 at his home in Los Angeles. The news mentioned The Flintstones, ScoopyDoo, and Yogi the Bear, but not Tom and Jerry, who may have been lost to memory.
On February 23, 2002, Chuck Jones died at the age of 89 years. Again, people mention his Bunny Rabbit and Buffy Duck creations, but not Tom and Jerry, whom he tried to perpetuate.
Perhaps, those two figures should really be dusted off in memory. They should be accompanied by musictowatchgirlsby,fairytales and everything else from the olden days, after all, their time has passed.
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