Inca, a magical land, a mythical country, the Incas who grew up in this land thought they were descendants of the sun god. They worship the sun and anything that shines golden like the sun; They didn't have wheels, but they built the "city closest to the sun" on the high mountain; They are composed of at least dozens of different political groups and races, but they can unite and dominate the Andes, and are considered as "one of the most successful centralized countries in the world"; They have no words and money, but they have developed a road system and developed thousands of kilometers of terraced fields and water conservancy systems; Similarly, with a strong army, they are no match for the Spanish with only 260 soldiers-the Incas described by the conquerors are barbaric and superstitious. Is it true?/You don't say. How did the Incas create their splendid civilization? Who made the descendants of the sun god cry helplessly at the sun? Let's go into South America, into the Inca Empire, to appreciate the exotic customs of South America, a golden country, and to recall the glorious past of the descendants of the sun god-
Inca civilization, Mayan civilization and Aztec civilization are called the three great civilizations of ancient America. "Inca" is the title of the supreme ruler of its tribe, meaning "son of the sun". Inca civilization has been strong since15th century. At its peak, the border was centered on today's Peru and Bolivia, with Colombia and Ecuador in the north, central Chile and northern Argentina in the south, and Cuzco in the south of Peru as the capital. 65438+declined in the early 6th century, and 1532 was destroyed by Spanish colonists.
In the 6th century, more than 65,438+000 tribes lived in the eastern Andes and coastal areas, mainly Aymara, Mochika, Puchina and Quechua. Quechua tribe, living in Cuzco Valley, is a primitive among the four tribes, but it is good at absorbing the achievements of other cultures and making itself develop rapidly. The Incas are a member of the Quechua people.
The Incas considered themselves "descendants of the sun god". According to legend, phoebus apollo went out to play and was eaten by a group of leopards raised by mountain gods. Sun God lost his beloved son, and he was very sad. He cried and cried, and finally he gathered in the new Lake Titicaca. In memory of his dead son, Sun God created another son, Manqu Qhapaq, and a daughter, Mama Vuorio, on the island of Lake Titicaca. Later, the sun god married the two brothers and sisters and gave birth to children and descendants. In order to better develop his newly created race, the sun god told his children to leave the island of Lake Titicaca and go straight ahead until they found a suitable place to live. So, Manco Capac and Mama Vuolio walked forward with the golden staff according to God's will, until the golden staff went underground and disappeared, and they camped here. This is Cuzco, a rich valley in the Andes. Manqu Qhapaq taught men how to farm, and Vuolio's mother taught women how to spin. In order to develop into a powerful tribe in the fertile Cuzco region. Therefore, the Incas considered themselves descendants of the sun god.
Of course, this is just a legend. The actual historical fact is that in the late12nd century, Capac, the ruler of Inca, led the tribe to migrate northward from Lake Titicaca, and finally settled in Cuzco, taking this as the center, occupying the whole Cuzco Valley and establishing a slave country. According to records, there were 12 rulers before the Inca conquest. /kloc-In the middle of the 5th century, the ninth ruler PaCeacu ruled the Inca kingdom. He continued to fight abroad, greatly expanding the territory of the Inca, making the Inca kingdom the strongest and largest country in Indian history.
When the Inca Empire reached its peak in the early16th century, its influence reached Colombia in the north and Chile in the south. At that time, the sun festival was held on June 24 every year, and all subjects in the city were dispatched. All the tribes in China also gathered along the equator paved with huge stones 16000 km and came to the Peak Square with various offerings. By noon, the crowd was crowded. The priest announced the start of the sacrifice, and the altar was lit by a sacred flame lit with concentrated corn wine. The whole audience immediately quieted down and listened to the prayers. Later, people will come to the altar with food and offerings, singing and dancing around the altar. Before dawn, people gathered in the square, barefoot waiting for the sun to rise and set, and the memorial service was over.
Inca worship of the sun god is not only related to ancestor worship, but also related to religious worship. The sun god was originally the god of the Inca tribe. After the Incas established the empire, he rose to become the god of the whole country. The sun god has several different names in Inca: Inti, Veracocha and Pachamak. The image of the sun god is generally human, with a face like a golden plate and radiant. He was the ancestor and protector of various gods and Inca kings.