1, colleges and universities to develop gerontological education premise is that our country has entered the "double old age". 1999, China's elderly people aged 60 years old and above accounted for 10% of the total population, according to international standards has become an elderly country. According to international standards has become an elderly country. Since then, China's aging trend is more serious, in 2013, the number of elderly people will exceed 200 million mark. It is expected that one third of our population will belong to the elderly in the future. Shanghai has always maintained the record of "Three Early Days" in China: the earliest ageing (1979); the highest degree of ageing; and the highest life expectancy (average life expectancy of 82.47 years in 2013). How to cope with the aging of the population with ease, and win the first opportunity and more initiative for the aging of the population is a long-term strategic task for China, and geriatric education is an integral part of this strategic task.
2, colleges and universities to develop geriatric education is for the elderly have the right to education to create conditions. 2013 July implementation of the "People's Republic of China *** and the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Elderly Law" (revised draft), in particular, added "the elderly have the right to continue to be educated," the provisions of the article, and expressly provided that: "The State shall develop education for the elderly, incorporate education for the elderly into the system of lifelong education and community education, and encourage society to run various kinds of schools for the elderly." What is particularly encouraging is that this article is placed in Chapter 7 of the Law on the Protection of Rights and Interests, entitled "Participation in Social Development", and in the General Provisions section, it is added that "Older persons who have made contributions to the development of society shall be given commendations or rewards in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State." The state guarantees the right of the elderly to enjoy old age education in the form of law, and actively encourages and rewards the elderly who continue to make contributions to social development, which provides a strong legal support for good old age education, especially in colleges and universities to do a good job in the university of the elderly.
3, colleges and universities to develop geriatric education is to adapt to the "resource-saving" objective requirements. The state advocates the construction of a conservation-oriented society, the realization of resources **** enjoy. At present, in colleges and universities, universities and colleges, high schools and vocational schools, there is a large part of the resources exist in the phenomenon of idleness. How to run a good education for the elderly in these institutions, so that the school resources are fully utilized, so that the elderly to enjoy the dream of the ivory tower resources, so as to form a young and old harmonious *** place, *** to enjoy the fruits of reform and development, *** with the progress of the beautiful situation, is the dream of many elderly people.
4, colleges and universities to develop elderly education is a vivid reflection of the continuous progress of social civilization. With the development of society, the average life expectancy of human beings is also growing. In accordance with the definition of the United Nations World Health Organization, before the age of 65 is the middle-aged, 66 to 75 years old for the young elderly, 76 years old before the official elderly, the shortest life expectancy of people should be 100 years old. The division of this age group delays human aging by 10 years, which will have a positive impact on people's mental health and will to fight aging. If a person retires at the age of 60, counting that he lives to the age of 90, how will he spend one third of his life path? In particular, how will young and old people with a healthy 15-year journey be able to make use of their motivation? How can they continue to contribute to society? The emergence of the elderly education for this group of young elderly, or older but healthy elderly, to create the conditions of "old age, old age, learning, old age".
5, Shanghai University Senior University fourteen years of development, strong proof of the feasibility of the "school in the school" model. Shanghai University Senior University was founded 14 years by the elderly welcome, and some even changed the path of the rest of their lives. At present, in the retired elderly group, the level of knowledge is improving, many people in the past have a relatively high level, positions, titles. At the same time, the age structure is declining. This group, do not worry about food, housing, clothing, need spiritual food, spiritual old age and humanistic care, and the development of elderly education in colleges and universities is to meet their realistic needs.
Second, the "school in the school" on the development of the cause of geriatric education is of great significance
1, from the perspective of schooling, is conducive to concentrate on teaching and learning, and seek characteristics. College senior university is a "school of schools" mode of operation, not only has an elegant learning environment, a complete range of disciplines, strong faculty, rich educational resources and other advantages, but also to get rid of the safety and security, logistics, equipment maintenance and other trivialities, saving the cost of running the school and energy to concentrate on teaching and seeking characteristics of the development. This is the unique advantage of the university senior university. In addition, they can also find out what they are suitable for, not suitable for what, what they can do, what they can not do. Can "not cloud, not cloud, cliché talk not talk". Shanghai University Elderly University in the last five years the development goal is positioned in the "elderly education theory and research as a leader, to 'school in the school' advantage as a basis, to 'traditional sports and health' discipline construction as a feature, to 'classroom listening to class' as a feature. The 'classroom teaching space' is the innovation point, expanding the teaching scale and stabilizing the high-quality teaching team as the basis, building a platform for displaying teaching achievements as the booster point, and constantly playing a leading, demonstration and radiation function of Shanghai model university for the elderly." How to play the advantages of the school in the school? How to protect the leadership system? How to stabilize the faculty? Subject construction how to develop and so on are to be further studied and improved. Recently, as a "school in the school" model to expand one of the contents of the "with the class" approach is also in constant practice and exploration. These pioneering initiatives, to a large extent, thanks to the model of running schools in colleges and universities to bring the energy of a strong guarantee.
2, from the perspective of the elderly students, is to beautify the experience of life and social reintegration guarantee. Elderly people to participate in the University of the elderly to study, rounded out the young unfulfilled dreams, improve their own quality, make new friends, enrich the life of the late years, but also improve the mental outlook, played a good family demonstration effect and social driving effect, for the family and the community to set up a foundation for the elders in the style of the family, but also through the study of excavation, the development of the potential for their own perhaps did not even think of their own potential and qualities. The learning process has also tapped into and developed potentials and attributes that they may not have realized. Just as the goal of cultivating innovative talents in colleges and universities, the goal of running a university for the elderly is to "innovate oneself". Among the senior students of Shanghai University, there is a professor of electronic information science who has become a photographer; there is also a professor of mechanics who has become a member of the "Happy Hundred Years" lecturer group, and so on, and there is no lack of old people who have made great achievements in the later years of their lives. Through education, elderly students can update their knowledge and increase their adaptability to return to society, thus facilitating the return of this group to society and their ability to take on jobs that are within their reach and create value for society. Elderly education gives the elderly a broad stage and space to display their new talents, and opens up new areas and new horizons in which they can play a role.
3. From the perspective of universities, it is conducive to the development of campus culture, academic construction and school reputation. The United States, Britain, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Turkey, Brazil and other countries do not have the age limit for enrollment, some retirees, despite their age, can still go to the same university with young people in the same classroom. Some older educators refer to this type of university as the "university of forgetfulness". This form of university provides a place for older persons to interact with young people and to complement each other's strengths. "Forgetting years university" in the "forgetting years", so that the elderly can communicate with young people often, exchange feelings, formed a kind of mutual concern for each other's love atmosphere, at the same time, but also improve the construction of the academic style. Shanghai University Senior University to try to explore the new mode of teaching and "with the classroom to listen to the class" fully proved the effectiveness of this approach to bring, greatly improve the academic style, campus culture through this way in the young people to inherit, which is to promote the development of one aspect of the university. On the other hand, colleges and universities in the senior university, colleges and universities feed the senior university, but with the development and growth of the senior university, it is also playing its own role, feeding the university's own construction, colleges and universities in the senior university advantage is reflected in the advantage of the University of the disciplines, high-quality faculty to draw over for my use. In the faculty of the University of Shanghai University for the Elderly, a considerable portion of the school teachers are hired, and some of them are young master's degree and doctoral degree graduates. Through the teaching in the University for the Elderly, it not only meets their teaching needs, but also hones their teaching skills. Thus, its feeding and feeding is a dialectical relationship of interaction and complementarity. Finally, colleges and universities to run senior university is conducive to colleges and universities to play a service to society and participate in the social and cultural construction of the function, to establish a good reputation for the creation of favorable conditions.
4, from the perspective of building a harmonious society, is an indispensable factor in the construction of a harmonious society. Elderly groups as an important group of social development, its stability or not directly affect the construction of a harmonious society as a whole. Elderly education, as an important supplement to social education, quality education and legal education, and an important part of the lifelong education system, plays a unique role in realizing positive and healthy aging and lifelong education. The establishment of universities for the elderly in colleges and universities is conducive to the integration of high-quality resources such as teachers' strength, beautiful places and good atmosphere both inside and outside the university, which is crucial to improving the quality of the elderly, tapping the potential of the elderly and giving full play to the role of the elderly, as well as constructing a socialist and harmonious society and strengthening the construction of socialist spiritual civilization. At the same time, it has also found a new breakthrough for realizing the lifelong education project for all and gained the favor of the elderly. Some of the popular courses of Shanghai University Senior University, with the help of the university's better reputation of the courses such as traditional sports and health, music appreciation, etc., there is a hard to find a phenomenon, fully proved the advantages and strong attraction of the university to run the university for the elderly.
Three, "school in the school" of the concept of enhancement: adhere to the people-oriented, in highlighting the characteristics of elderly education in the innovation of self
Modern society, no matter what to do to adhere to the people-oriented, held in the senior university is no exception, but for the university in the school of the Shanghai University of the elderly in this regard has a The first step is to make sure that you have the right to be able to do the right thing. Elderly education last name "teaching", Shanghai University senior university more last name "on the university". From the first day of her formation, adhering to the President Qian Weichang put forward to adhere to the "cultivate students to become a comprehensive development of people" philosophy, insisting on the removal of "teaching and learning; teaching and scientific research; disciplines and disciplines; on-campus and off-campus," such as the four walls. All these are permeated into the education for the elderly, and have become the philosophy, purpose and method of running the school. The University of the Elderly takes the happiness of the elderly as its greatest comfort, the needs of the elderly as its greatest pursuit, and the service for the elderly as its greatest desire. It also tries its best to make the University of the Elderly a "big family of friends, harmony, unity and joy"; it puts one of the main purposes of organizing the University of the Elderly on letting the old people constantly "innovate themselves", and helps the old people to shape themselves, perfect themselves, and renew themselves through the corresponding learning. One of the main purposes of the university is to help the elderly to shape, improve and renew themselves through appropriate learning, so that they can beautify their lives, improve the quality of life and living, and set up a proper demeanor for the elderly in their families and in society.
1, the purpose of running the school: from the initial to meet the spiritual needs of some of the retired staff of the University, and continue to develop to the university should play a service to the community's responsibility. Shanghai University Elderly University was founded in the early days to meet the spiritual life of some of the retired staff of Shanghai University in their twilight years. After more than ten years of development, with the unique advantage of establishing a university for the elderly, the students have been expanded to non-Shanghai University old comrades, and even attracted the elderly from all districts of Shanghai to participate in the elderly education. At present, more than half of the students of Shanghai University Senior University are non-Shanghai University old comrades. Through the establishment of the University for the Elderly, which is a typical public welfare undertaking, Shanghai University has, in another way, manifested and given full play to its function of serving the development of the society as a local university, and it is also a positive initiative taken by Shanghai University to cope with the aging of Shanghai.
2, the convenience of running a school: in addition to some of the above mentioned convenient hardware conditions, its convenient software is mainly reflected in its strong research power. For example, Shanghai University sociology (is a national key discipline), there are famous sociology experts Deng Weizhi, Li Youmei, Zhang Zhongru and other professors, there is a strong academic echelon and research capacity, but also more research results and experience accumulation. The discipline established the Institute of Gerontological Sociology as early as in the 1980s, has long been concerned with the problem of population aging, conducts research on the subject of aging every year, has authored works on gerontological sociology, gerontological social psychology, and gerontological social work, and offers courses on gerontological sociology and gerontological social work, and trains graduate students in the direction of gerontology. In addition, Prof. Zhang Zhongru has recently been appointed as a member of the Academic Committee on Gerontological Education of the China Association of Gerontological Universities, which will further provide up-to-date information and research guidance. Plus, the researchers of the comprehensive university come from young and middle-aged faculty members in disciplines such as law, psychology, education, and physical education, and they include not only locally-trained researchers, but also foreign Ph.D.s returning from the U.S., Japan, and Germany. In addition, we have a stable research team in the University of the Elderly itself. These rare resources provide a strong guarantee for in-depth theoretical research on geriatric education.
3, the characteristics of running a school: Shanghai University Elderly University after more than ten years of practice and exploration, has formed four basic features: 1. make full use of the advantages of the "school in the school", so that the elderly fully enjoy the right to education; 2. the development of special projects combined with the construction of academic disciplines, the construction of a good cultural base for the traditional physical health; 3. the integration of the school's theoretical and theoretical research, and the development of the university's education. Integrate school theory and research resources, set up and continuously improve the theory and research team; 4. Integrate into the mainstream culture of the school, and contribute to the construction of school culture. One of the most distinctive and beloved by the majority of elderly students is the "Traditional Physical Education and Health" course that has been opened in recent years. The Senior University of Shanghai University organically combines this course with the health care issues that are of greater concern to the elderly, and has started a traditional sports and health care class, which is very popular among the elderly. Since the introduction of the discipline of traditional sports and health care, seven courses have been offered, plus sports dance, senior yoga, square dance, etc.*** Counting more than ten sports courses.
4. Feedback after running a school: running a school in a university, you should need to take the initiative to integrate into the mainstream culture of the university, contribute to the construction of the campus culture, which reflects the value of the senior university itself. 2012 second half of the year, the Shanghai University organized the "chrysanthemum culture" activities, the senior university also organized the "traditional culture week". In the second half of 2012, Shanghai University held the "Chrysanthemum Culture" activity, and the university also held the "Traditional Culture Week of Elderly University" activity, which utilized the chrysanthemum exhibition of the university as a platform to publicize and involve contemporary college students and teachers in traditional Chinese cultural activities such as Chinese calligraphy, painting, etc., so as to let them, especially international students, truly experience the charm of traditional Chinese culture, and thus truly achieve the organic integration of the mainstream culture of the campus and the culture of elderly education. It is also conducive to the creation of a good atmosphere of respecting, honoring and loving the elderly.
Four, "school in the school" school mechanism is the development of gerontological education to protect
1, the initial stage, the university in the organization of the university of the elderly in the lack of protection, strength is also very weak, participation in the school is also very limited, therefore, the school departments of the university of the elderly is also very little support. However, this situation can no longer be adapted to the development of the times and the strong needs of the elderly. With the expansion of the scale of the university senior university and the elderly to feed the university and social functions of the increasing, an organization involving all aspects of the sector came into being - the school council.
2, the Shanghai University University of the elderly "school council" was established, a strong guarantee of the development of the university. The establishment and development of an institution or organization is inseparable from a strong organizational guarantee. In order to fully utilize the conditions of the school and effectively integrate the resources within the school, the School Affairs Committee of Shanghai University Senior University was formally established in 2012 through the efforts of many parties. It is an organization responsible for making decisions on major affairs of the university, which is under the direct responsibility of the head of Shanghai University and is attended by the leaders of departments closely related to the operation of the university, such as the Organization Department, Personnel Department, Academic Affairs Department, Finance Department, Propaganda Department, and Logistics Department, etc. The establishment of this organization is a good opportunity for the university to make good use of its resources. The establishment of the organization is a good, sustained, strong development of the university of the elderly to ensure. If the University of the Elderly needs teaching space in the process of running a school, it can communicate with the Academic Affairs Office of Shanghai University; if it needs teachers and their training, it can communicate with the Personnel Office; if it needs to organize large-scale activities, it can communicate with the departments of logistics, finance and propaganda, etc. In fact, the establishment of the University Council is also the University of the elderly into the Shanghai University of the entire education system, administrative management system, financial system, is conducive to the long-term development of the University of the elderly; the University of the elderly to do a good job, but also conducive to the Shanghai University of the influence and soft power of the enhancement of the two complement each other's strengths, each other's influence, **** with the development.
V. Conclusion and recommendations
Shanghai University Senior University after fourteen years of "school in the school" of elderly education practice exploration that: universities do elderly education is feasible, you can make full use of the teaching facilities and teachers of colleges and universities of the resources for the service of education for the elderly to improve the level of education for the elderly.
1, "school in the school" facing the development of bottlenecks: ① the current college to run the University of the elderly, students are not enough to teach the surface, especially in colleges and universities, the proportion of elderly groups is not high enough; ② its curriculum is still to be enriched to meet the actual needs of the elderly; ③ its faculty mobility, coupled with treatment The mobility of its teaching staff is large, coupled with the treatment is not high, this team is not stable enough. ④ universities and colleges in the establishment of the University of the elderly, due to various reasons, its funding has always been an unresolved problem, and so on.
2, in the face of the development of some of the problems encountered, our thinking is:
(1) efforts to "break down the walls of the open school", the real embodiment of the essence of the school in the school. Specifically, it is to make full use of the resources of Shanghai University, give full play to the passion and vitality of young people, the elderly calmly have the advantage of determination, in the undergraduate classroom, and even according to the actual situation in the graduate classroom, the use of its activities to implement the "classroom with the classroom" approach, so that the elderly and the young college students **** in a room, **** Learning with each other, mutual influence, *** with progress, and gradually formed a "sunset" and "sunrise" happy to learn and happy with a good atmosphere. At present, this model after nearly 2 years of exploration and operation, has removed the walls of elderly education on campus, the teaching point extended to the college classroom, and undergraduate students in the same classroom. Not only satisfy the desire of the elderly for knowledge, but also to improve the quality of teaching, serious teaching order, active classroom atmosphere, play a role in promoting. In the future, Shanghai University Senior University will continue to summarize the experience, continue to explore, and strive to open up the elderly students and graduate students "*** at a class, *** at a classroom," a gratifying situation.
(2) gradually put the school benchmarks in the social coordinate system, play the university senior university for the community, the function of social services. In 2012, Shanghai University Senior University and Shandong Province Nanshan Senior University signed a "*** building agreement", the former is a university school, the latter is a business school, through the establishment of friendly schools, to achieve educational information interoperability, teaching resources *** to enjoy, and promote the *** with the development of 2013, according to the development of senior education and their own strengths, the university is the first to establish a friendly school, the university is the first to establish a friendly school, the university is the first to establish a friendly school, the university is the first to establish a friendly school, the university is the only one to establish a friendly school, and the university is the only one to establish a friendly school. In 2013, according to the general situation of the development of geriatric education and its own advantages, it set up the "Happy Centenarian" lecturer group to serve the elderly in the community. In addition, the signing of a cooperation agreement with Fengxian University for the Elderly to implement the *** construction, and the opening of a school in Weifang Street, and other initiatives, are to take advantage of the university's unique teaching, faculty, management and other aspects of the advantages of actively integrating into the entire social coordinate system of gerontological education. This aspect of the work still needs to be refined and constantly practice, feel, sum up.
(3) Theory comes from practice and is higher than practice to have guiding value. The implementation of the "school in the school" mode of senior university should fully utilize their own scientific research advantages and team advantages, more cutting-edge and guiding theoretical results, for the implementation of this model of other senior university operators to provide reference. With the help of the "Institute of Sociology of Elderly" and other resources of the School of Social Sciences of Shanghai University, Shanghai University University of the Elderly carries out research on geriatric education, utilizes the advantages of Shanghai University's academic disciplines and scientific research strengths, and combines geriatric teaching with academic construction and theoretical research, so as to strive to make achievements in the field of research on geriatric education, and to occupy a theoretical research plateau with respect to the advanced and forward-looking concepts. A piece of theoretical research "high ground", so as to be able to formulate elderly policy for the Shanghai Municipality, for the development of the University of Shanghai University of the elderly, to provide the basis for the development of decision-making.
(4) Take the road of internationalization. Today's world is an aging society, aging is a worldwide topic, foreign aging business, especially the development of elderly education earlier and faster. Therefore, for China, which is "getting old before it gets rich", the aging industry, especially the aging education, has just started and objectively needs to make use of foreign experience. Shanghai University Senior University will actively participate in the internationalization strategy together with Shanghai University, and widely carry out international exchanges and cooperation. in the first half of 2012, when a Thai education group visited Shanghai, they came to Shanghai University Senior University, which is a school within a school, and the other party was very interested in the senior university in the university, and through exchanges, we gained a lot from each other. In the future, the University of the Elderly will continue to work hard to carry out exchanges and cooperation with other countries in the field of elderly education, and continue to create a favorable external space for its own sustainable development.
(5) Increase publicity and communication, and suggest the establishment of a corresponding assessment system: universities run senior university, in addition to run their own characteristics, but also to have the appropriate scale, and therefore to increase publicity, and gradually increase the proportion of retired old comrades in our school, which can be more reason to put forward rationalization proposals to the university. In addition, as one of the founders of the university to run a senior university, we also suggest that the government in the leadership of the university assessment indicators, to support the creation of a senior university into the assessment indicators.