Public space design can improve people's living needs and enhance people's comfort in space. So, what is public space design? The following is the introduction of public space design compiled by me for everyone, hoping to help you.
Overview of public space design
The design of public space is not only an end and result, nor a sign that it caters to a few people, but a process in which people participate in and constantly show their life changes. The new design is not only a new style or a new form, but also refers to new content and the creation of a new lifestyle.
The physical definition of space can be clearly divided into occupied space and unoccupied space. People's occupation of space is defined by materialized signs, such as piled stones, marked boundary markers, etc. Of course, the most effective thing is to build structures or simply build a house to consolidate the occupation of space. Such physical definition is based on tangible and clear definitions such as numbers and objects. Under quite normal circumstances, the rational use and division of space is often a necessary means to distinguish between public space and private space. Of course, public space bears a special responsibility for understanding and serving the public's interests. What we are pursuing is how to adapt it to people's various needs, rather than let the public adapt to various environments. Public space and private space are an organic whole to a great extent, so this problem is an eternal theme for us to study environmental art design or have become designers! Concept and method of urban public space design
Generally speaking, from the planning of buildings or projects to the design, implementation and final completion of buildings, as well as the use and management of these facilities, these are related to designers and experts. There are also education for groups and education for users.
It is clear to all that Italy has done the best in protecting buildings. At first, these ideas came not from architects or government departments, but from the public. The bottom-up movement initiated by the public has promoted the government to adopt such an attitude. We see that the face of our city has been continued and the culture has been developed.
My topic today is that I can't find a suitable topic when I am doing doctoral research. How can I study a building if I just study it, so I am very confused. But there was a lot of discussion about what our society should do. At this time, I found that ourselves, our architects and experts, our clients are our Party A, and the citizens and the public who use it. There are contradictions between them such as demand, provision and creation. How to solve this contradiction is the starting point of my lecture. There is a problem of publicity in this process.
put some pictures first. This is a square, a private institution, which provides free communication for the public here.
This is a random photo of a shopping mall in the street. What role does this artwork and sculpture play in the street?
At the same time, there are some folk artists who set him up in the building in the square for people to watch, which is also a trend. There are sculptures of this kind in some buildings.
indoors, in the space of a large glass, we gradually realize this kind of marking system. Indicate what kind of exhibition, time arrangement and so on are there today. Relatively speaking, it is fresh in a relatively boring room. Put the outer space indoors in the lower place.
this is in the subway aisle. is this wall very tight? Gray? On the wall, there are many dirty words or small advertisements written on it. Some people spontaneously made this kind of thing with metal on it. This is a completely spontaneous behavior.
This is a real person, in the corner of the subway entrance.
Some private companies abroad will display some works. This is a work of art by China, and everyone can see it here. This is a reflection of the United States during World War II. This kind of sculpture is very expensive to buy back.
There will be such sculptures in some large buildings and on both sides of the street, which is not very good, but it enriches the space.
This is a ventilation tank. Without this thing beside it, it will be very monotonous.
this is a metal component, and I mainly want to enrich it, including the treatment of the entrance, and I have done some regularization and sculpture techniques. This is surrounded by something similar to titanium alloy.
This is a stream. There is water flowing in summer, which gives people the feeling that there is still something to see.
So these are just a casual look. Whether it is correct or not, there is still an idea. But on the other hand, this idea is right or wrong. Subjectively, we believe that users should be satisfied and appreciated. Actually, isn't it? Is there a difference inside? What are the needs of real citizens?
with the development of social economy, the public's requirements for the quality of living environment and public art have increased. Let's reflect on our previous time. We built a house and everyone could live in it. However, many houses now have landscapes, and the quality is even better, which is directly related to the sales price.
In this way, our government and the developed structure have done a lot of sculptures and so on. Will everyone's evaluation be high after it's finished? We often hear a saying that many sculptures will soon lose their heads and arms. Why are these things like this? Are there some specific problems? Both sides have their own opinions, and both artists and architects believe that the public can't understand perfect ideas. The public will say that you have distorted our needs. This has produced the present situation.
only by solving this situation can we move forward, and our design is more in line with the public, so as to gain public recognition, not academic recognition. Reflection, what is public sex. Here is a question of publicity. In the sense of publicity, our goal is our pursuit. The pursuit of everyone is different. I hope my house is 18 square meters. I hope to have a garden and so on. In this case, the public will not be able to adjust. Therefore, publicity is not the individual's will, but a kind of publicity formed by the adjustment between individuals. This publicity is based on individuals and has the process of returning to the individual cycle.
in other words, the requirement of the public is that there is a cyclical and gradual process with the improvement of the overall level. At the same time, in administration, our country has many administrative means to adjust, including macro-control and economic practices, all from top to bottom. Then the government is not the only way to solve the problem, and the organization or association formed between individuals can often solve the problem of publicity properly.
Then there is another concept. The concept of public art has been widely put forward. This concept is actually very difficult to define. Up to now, there is no exact understanding, which can be determined from at least four aspects.
first, in public places, the public is free to intervene and participate.
second, it is a work of art, or the form has the will and interests of the public.
thirdly, the selection, display mode and operation mechanism reflect the publicity.
fourthly, the social resources enjoyed by the public, not individuals.
The extensiveness of specific categories of public art involves the visual category, and plastic arts, performances and dances can all be regarded as public art.. At the same time, the concept of publicity is also inclusive. Everyone is free to participate.
There are several aspects to how to think about public art..
first, the realization process of public art and its definition is a way worthy of reference.
second, question the so-called? Male * * *? * * * art will become a way for the public to express themselves.
third, how to study the development process of public art. Formulation and composition of strategies and policies.
Public environmental art also has materialization and locality.
firstly, these include the building itself, street space, shops and public service facilities. Public sculptures and so on are composed of * * *, and the relationship between them is reflected in public places.
Second, Diangong's environmental art is not an artist's private thing, but belongs to ordinary citizens.
thirdly, it has social functions and must be compatible with the environment and social needs.
fourth, art belongs to the city and exists with the city.
Fifth, public art is an art form, and it is its most basic principle to change the environment through artistic improvement.
Just now, I talked about three parties, one is the public, the other is public environmental art works, and there are designers and experts. What is the relationship between them? There is a circular relationship between the three of them.
public needs are not individuals, but * * * knowledge and * * * nature formed between people. Through experts and architects' understanding of the needs of the public, it is transformed into a work through creation, and this work needs the public to use, which is such a circular process. In this cycle, experts and architects are very important, and we have played a role in promoting it here.
So, does this kind of public demand really exist? This is a table of the relationship between the consumption of spare time, the investment and expenditure of the environment needed in spare time, taking Japan as an example. We can see the correlation in the image. In 1973, Japan's economy took off, and it developed into a bubble economy in 1989. Japan's economy has been in recession for 1 years. It fell to a trough in 1999, and there was a slow growth since 23, which is a process. This process has brought about changes in national income and a high unemployment rate. Then on this picture, the general necessities of life are slightly related to economic development.
Then, with the economic growth, the demand for the environment in spare time and the expenditure on life gradually increase to the peak. After that, with the change of economy, there was no sharp decline, but a gentle state. From here, I can see that my demand is moving towards the second state, and gradually rising, the public's consumption demand is getting higher and higher.
With the improvement of social affluence, the working hours will be shortened, the spare time will be expanded, and the requirements of daily life and neighborhood will be improved. Therefore, it is important to meet the demand for public space in the surrounding areas as much as possible.
From open space to public transport space, what kind of example is public space? Let's take a look at the impact on economic development. In the early 197s, there were 11 effective examples. With the gradual improvement of economic development, in 22, the economy gradually declined after being cut. The economic recession means that some of our investment in the public sector has changed, on the contrary, the demand for quality is very high.
Let's take a concrete look at the direct relevance of the behaviors in these places to our lives. Setting of general behaviors, such as walking and activities. Psychological needs such as quiet and rest. Relationships with others, such as meeting and communicating. There is also the performance consciousness of place awareness, such as the shopping plaza, which is functional. Whether the state of the venue is lively or theme gathering.
Let's take a look at these years. In the 197s, it was mainly about the setting of users' behavior, their relationship with others and their understanding of places. In the 198 s, psychological needs gradually began, as well as the state of the place. The 199s were a combination of functions. Pay more attention to the setting of behavior when spending in spare time.
I want to look at this change through two cases. One is that we directly set it explicitly and unilaterally. The second is to realize the problems existing in this unilateral setting, and there are demands from the masses, which require the combination to complete such a design work.
This is a government land. In this position, there are various cultural facilities such as theaters. In front of this is a bustling avenue, here is a famous department store, and there are many office buildings in the back. There is such a piece of land, how to develop it. Must serve the public, some experts put forward that there should be a place for public meetings, and secondly, there should be a bus stop. At the same time, it is necessary to combine the entrance and exit of the subway and consider the profitability. The entrusting party is a design company in Dalian. They have made careful design works, and at the same time, they should reflect the requirements.
this is the situation around the building, this is the entrance, this is a comprehensive cultural center, this is the location of large companies, and this is the commercial building. This is the passage, and you can enter the cultural center when you walk to the top. This is a big scene. (Picture) This is an oval opening. It is erected by four large steel columns. The viewing platform on it is a very large structure. From this position, you can enter the bus stop that is a bus stop. This is the square on the lower floor, and usually some public parties are held. The following circle is full of shops, and there are some seats for rest.
this is a lot of small components or a small part of the design, such as seats, tables, elevators and so on. After this work came out, it was highly praised by him, and the designer was very satisfied and achieved success. At first glance, this work feels very good. Because I am close to it, I have been there many times, and I have seen it in the morning, at noon and at night. At the same time, it was autumn when it was built, and I went to see it in summer. This waterscape is quite attractive.
I made a survey on this at that time, and it took me a year to make a survey on the position of each person, what he was doing and what the relationship was with the environment, according to the time period and even the change of seasons. In this survey, according to the main line of people flow, people flow is basically like this. After coming in from the exit, it is divided into two parts, one is coming from this side to carry out the building above. The second is to walk this way or go to that building. In this way, this place becomes an aisle, which is the first intuitive view. As the second user, children and young people account for the majority, and children are more likely to enter the cultural center. Young people are basically the nature of crossing The original principle of making this building is to provide a place where everyone can communicate. Judging from this situation, it is not quite the same as the original idea.
as the lower level, it is a ring, mainly interested in shops. There is a very interesting thing, that is to say, few people cross the blue ground in the middle, and they basically walk around. If you are interested, take a look at the square. If the square is paved with guidance, people will follow the guidance and will not walk very scattered. This environment is inductive to people.