Hulusi is a representative instrument of China's classical musical instruments, its origins in China's pre-Qin southwest region of the Dai, Dai folk have been circulating such a legend:
It is said that in the pre-Qin period, China's southwest region once broke out in a flash flood. In the flash flood, a Dai young man risked his life to pick up a large gourd, which he rode through the waves and eventually saved his sweetheart.
The young man's faithful love touched the Buddha, who gave him a gourd fitted with pipes, so the young man could hold the gourd and play beautiful music.
The sound of the music, suddenly the flash floods recede, the wind and waves calm, flowers bloom, peacocks open screen, people have come to wish the couple good luck and happiness. From then on, the hulusi has been passed down from generation to generation in the Dai family.
The Dai people are multi-talented, they can sing and dance, in the festival, whether it is in the river rowing dragon boat, or in the riverside put Gao Sheng, or in the square to catch the swing, or in the bamboo building in the drinking and singing, can be heard in the moving music of the hulusi.
Hulusi is also known as "gourd xiao". In the structure still maintains the pre-Qin national musical instruments of the legacy of the system, the number of pipes is the same as the three pipe pipe, the two sub-pipes are not open sound holes and the ancient piper is exactly the same, and issued a sustained interval of five degrees, and the ancient pipe and the pre-Qin gourd silk main tube has been opened with 7 sound holes, and the later generations of piper flute is very similar, and shows it in the history of the great leap. In the pre-Qin period, the Dai people use half of a small gourd as a speaker, to three lengths of bamboo tubes inserted side by side in the lower end of the gourd bamboo tubes, embedded in the copper building piece, the middle of a longer bamboo tube open seven holes.
People in the blowing, mouth blowing gourd thin end, finger press the middle of the bamboo tube sound hole, in playing the melody at the same time, the left and right two bamboo tubes at the same time to send out a fixed monotone, and the melody and the composition of the harmony. Pre-Qin Dai's hulusi can be divided into high, medium and low types, the music is soft and delicate, mellow and simple, extremely expressive, loved by the people of Pre-Qin. The pre-Qin hulusi is mainly composed of four parts: the main pipe, the reed, the attached pipe and the gourd. The main tube is the melody tube, with several holes for pressing the tone. The Dai old-style main tube has six holes, the shape of the front 5 after 1, very suitable for playing the Dai folk song ditties.
Later, the pre-Qin people in the traditional gourd silk on the basis of the improvement, the improvement of the gourd silk above the main tube with 7 holes, the shape is the front 6 after 1, can send 9 full-hole sound and 8 half-hole sound, can also be issued by a combination of holes in the sound, the main tube under the back of the hole and two holes for threading the rope.
The reed of the Pre-Qin Hulusi is a sound-emitting component, usually installed at one end of the bamboo tube, with an isosceles triangle and a rectangular tongue in two shapes, and the material is mainly copper. The attached pipe is an auxiliary articulation pipe, commonly a single tone, soprano attached to the pipe.
Also, the fifth hole of the main hulusi sound, the bass pipe is sent to the first hole of the main sound or the third hole of the main sound of the two optional. Generally speaking, there is only one soprano sidearm, and the sidearm and the main pipe can make its music more energetic, the sidearm sound hole, the sidearm does not pronounce when it is held down, and the sidearm pronounces when it is opened.
The Pre-Qin gourd silk gourd plays the role of a funnel, and the airflow is passed through the gourd to the main pipe and the attached pipe. There are many varieties of gourds used for hulusi, and they are grown all over the country, with the shape of a sub-gourd being the best.
The main role of the gourd's card is to play a stabilizing effect on the construction of the gourd, so that the attached pipe and the main pipe are firmly tied together. The main tube tailpiece serves to round out the articulation in the bass region.
In addition, there is a disassembly function of the gourd silk, its main role is to play the gourd and bamboo tube organic combination, bamboo tube firmly inserted into the gourd, so that it is sealed, no leakage. Due to the improvement of this bracket, the bamboo tube can be used without sticking to the gourd, and play the role of disassembling at any time for reed adjustment.
In the pre-Qin period, in addition to the Dai, there are De'ang, Achang people have also been popular gourd silk instrument, which in the original Dai gourd silk construction on the development, but still maintains the original characteristics.
The blowing method is to use the natural gas exchange method or with the cycle of gas exchange method, with the cycle of gas exchange method can continue to send out the five degree intervals, the tone is beautiful, soft, mellow, gentle, but also exquisite. In the moonlit night in the bamboo forest, hulusi playing can give people
to the implicit, hazy sense of beauty, and blowing out of the vibrato as if shaking the silk like floating and soft. In short, the hulusi instrument in our country not only has a long history, and very much with our national cultural characteristics, the development of China's pre-Qin music played an important role, but also enriched the pre-Qin people's recreational life, is indispensable to people's daily musical instruments.
Ancient silk instruments of silk refers to the use of silk made of strings, and then made into musical instruments. Before the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, there were only two kinds of silk stringed instruments: zither and serpent, and after the Qin and Han Dynasties, there were zheng, konghou, pipa and so on. The guqin is an ancient stringed instrument in China, initially with only five strings, and it is mainly played in two forms: qin song and solo.
The qin is in China's pre-Qin period for the court elegant music accompaniment and use of musical instruments, in the court accompaniment more qin accompanied by singing, to play the right hand scattered sound-based. China's qin culture has a long history and has a long history.
The zheng is also an extremely expressive musical instrument, pronounced soft, elegant, gorgeous and euphemistic. The big zheng is soft and elegant; the small zheng is crisp and bright.