1. When Xu Xiake was twenty-two years old, he began to leave home to travel. He traveled to Taihu Lake, Dongting Mountain, Tiantai Mountain, Yandang Mountain, Taishan Mountain, Wuyi Mountain, and Wutai Mountain, Hengshan Mountain and other famous mountains in the north.
Every time he traveled home, he talked to his friends and relatives about the strange customs and travel in the thrilling scene, others are too scared to speak, but his mother listened with great interest.
Later, when his mother died, Xu Xiake devoted all his energy to his travels. In his fiftieth year, he embarked on a long journey.
He spent four whole years traveling through Hunan, Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan provinces. All the way to Tengchong, the border of China. He trekked through mountains and water, visited many places off the beaten track, climbed cliffs and examined strange peaks and caves.
2, he was in Chaling, Hunan Province, I heard that there is a local Ma Ye Cave, the cave has a dragon or monsters, not magic people, do not dare to enter the cave. Xu Xiake did not believe in gods and monsters, he paid a high price to hire a local as a guide, into the cave inspection.
When he was about to enter the cave, the guide asked him what kind of person he was, and when he realized that Xu Xiake was an ordinary scholar, the guide backed away in fear, saying, "I thought you were some kind of magician, so I dared to enter the cave with you, but it turns out that you are a scholar, so I won't take the risk."
Xu Xiake didn't stop there, and led his servants into the cave with torches raised. When the people in the village heard that someone had entered the cave, they all crowded to the entrance to watch the fun. Xu Xiake examined the cave for a long time.
He did not come out until the torches were almost burned out. The people gathered around the cave entrance were very surprised to see them safely out of the cave: they said, "We waited for a long time, thinking that you must have been eaten by the goblins."
3. Once, two officials came to him in admiration and wanted to befriend him. When Xiake's father heard about it, he even slipped out the back door and quietly went through the bamboo forest and took a boat trip to Taihu Lake. As the saying goes, teaching by example is better than teaching by words.
Xu Xiake from a young age, but also on the boring article disgusted, every day just to bring his father's collection of books secretly to the private school to read. Those geographical travelogues, anecdotes of famous people and interesting stories of local customs were so attractive to him.
To sometimes read and read, and even forget to be in the classroom, can not help but laugh out loud, and therefore often reprimanded by Mr., but also his "bad" report to his father, to be strictly disciplined. The father, however, was overjoyed to learn of this.
Personally introduced some books to his son to read. Over and over again, Xu Xiake's "studies" naturally some waste, to take the exam also failed. In this case, those who often praise Xiake's intelligence. Counting on his friends and family to win the gold medal, can not help but sigh long sigh, doubly feel sorry.
Xiake's father, however, laughed and said: "People have their own aspirations, can not be forced?" To get his father's support, Xiake is the fame and fortune thrown to the clouds, and only think of "traveling through the nine states, the foot of the five mountains".
4, Xu Xiake 28 years old in Wenzhou Yandang Mountain adventure travel, according to the ancient books on the top of Yandang Mountain there is a big lake, Xu Xiake want to see the lake, decided to climb to the top of the mountain. When he climbed to the top of the mountain, only to see the ridge is straight, it is difficult for people to get a foothold, there is no lake.
But Xu Xiake still continued to move forward, encountered a cliff, the rope broke, Xu Xiake almost shattered, but fortunately, he was smart enough to grab a piece of protruding rock, not Xu Xiake to the broken belt to pick up, and upward climbing, and finally climbed to the top of the cliff.
5, in Huangshan Mountain, Xu Xiake encountered heavy snow on the way. The locals told him that some places have waist-deep snow, can not find the road, but Xu Xiake leaned on an iron staff to start climbing. Halfway up the mountain, the terrain became steeper and steeper.
The shaded areas were frozen, and his feet slid down when he stepped on them. Xu Xiake used his iron staff to cut pits in the ice in order to climb. He climbed slowly with his feet on the pit and climbed up.
150 words about Xu Xiake
1. Xu Xiake - Ming Dynasty Geographer and Literature
2. In the 14th year of Wanli of Emperor Shenzong of the Ming Dynasty, Xu Xiake was born in Jiangyin, South Zhili province, in a famous and affluent family, and his ancestors were all scholars. His father, Xu Youmian, was reluctant to become an official and to socialize with the powerful, and liked to travel around to enjoy the landscape. Cultivated by the culture of farming and reading, Xu Xiake was a studious young man, reading a lot of books, especially fond of the geography of the map, the young man set up a "great man when the blue sea and twilight of the Cangwu" travel ambitions. In the 29th year of the Wanli calendar, when Xu Xiake was fifteen years old, he applied for a child examination, but did not get it. His father saw that his son had no intention of achieving success, and no longer forced him to do so, so he encouraged him to study and become a learned man. Xu Xiake was very serious about reading, and he could remember everything he had read when asked. But the family's collection of books gradually can not meet his needs, he went around to collect books that have not seen, as long as you see a good book, even if you do not have the money, but also to take off the clothes on the body to change the book.
The Deeds and Achievements of Xu Xiake
Xu Xiake was the first person in the world to make a profound study and record of limestone landforms in particular, including the distribution of caves, stalactites, stalagmites, dissolving grooves, stone buds, and the causes of stone beams, which he explained in detail. At the same time, the source of the Yangtze River was investigated, correcting the ancient literature on the "Minshan guide river" erroneous assertions.
Xu Xiake was a good acquaintance, such as the Yunnan Naxi Tusi Muzeng, the poet Tang Tai. [7] Huang Daozhou, Wen Zhenmeng, Qian Qianyi, Xiang Yu, Chen Renxi and Xu Xiake often sing and sing. In the first year of Chongzhen, Xu Xiake entered Fujian to visit Luofu, that is, he visited Huang Daozhou and Zheng_. Chen Hanhui wrote "Xu Xiake epitaph".
Extended information:
Xu Xiake (徐霞客), name Hongzu (弘祖), character Zhenzhi (振之), number Xiake (夏客), a native of Jiangyin County (江阴縣) in Zhili County (直隶), and with ancestry from Nanchang (南昌) in Jiangxi Province (江西), was a renowned geographer, traveler, and writer during the Ming Dynasty (1644-1911).
Xu Xiake traveled to the north and south of the country, trekking through the wilderness areas where many people have not been before, often sleeping in the wilderness. Footprints throughout the present Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shanxi, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou and other 16 provinces, where he went, exploring the mystery, and recorded travelogue, record the observation of various phenomena, humanities, geography, flora and fauna and other conditions.
Chinese People's **** and the People's Liberation Army Navy, a comprehensive security ship is named Xu Xiake.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Xu Xiake
The story of Xu Xiake's perseverance
Counting the ancient and modern times, how many successful characters. Many of their success is built on their persistence, because of their persistence, so they have achieved them. Xi la I carefully collected and organized for you to adhere to the success of the character story 50 words, we take a look at it.
Persisting on the success of the character story 50 words Article 1: "Hua Tuo worshipped the teacher to learn the art"
Hua Tuo, the word Yuanhua, the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms period Peiguo people, is China's ancient famous medical doctor. Hua Tuo's invention of "Ma Bo San" is a very effective general anesthetic, about 1,600 years earlier than the Western anesthetic, Hua Tuo's contribution to the world of medicine is very great. Don't think that Hua Tuo was a miracle doctor all his life, but as a child, Hua Tuo had to go through a lot of pain and suffering to learn medicine.
Persisting on the success of the character story 50 words Article 2: "Xu Xiake ambition in the world"
One day, a strange thing happened by the river, a lot of people were salvaging the stone lions that had fallen into the water, but how to find it. At that moment, a kid named Xu Xiake said that if you go up the river, you can find the stone lion. Sure enough, the stone lion was found, and everyone praised this clever kid. It turned out that he was Xu Xiake who grew up to be a great geographer and traveler.
Persisting on the success of the character story 50 words Article 3: "Shen Kuo went up the mountain to see the peach blossoms"
"April on earth, the peach blossoms on the mountain temples began to bloom", when reading this poem, Shen Kuo's eyebrows condensed into a knot, "Why do the flowers here we are blossomed out of bloom, the peach blossoms on the mountain only began to bloom?" In order to solve this mystery, Shen Kuo about a few buddies on the mountain field trip, April on the mountain, how warm and cold, cool winds, freezing people shivering, Shen Kuo spear thatched, the original temperature on the mountain than the mountain to be much lower than the mountain, so the flower season came later than the mountain down to ah. With this spirit of inquiry and empirical methods, grew up after Shen Kuo wrote the "Mengxi Bianan".
Persisting on the success of the characters of the story in 50 words 4: "Li Quizhen learns to paint the tiger"
Five generations of famous tiger painting Li Quizhen grew up like to paint, especially like to paint the tiger, but due to the lack of a real tiger, always painted the tiger as a sick cat, so he was determined to go into the mountains and old forests, to visit the real tiger, after a lot of painstakingly in the hunter's uncle's help, and finally saw a real tiger, the tiger, the tiger, the tiger, and the tiger, the tiger, and the tiger. Through a lot of sketching and copying, his tiger painting skills soared, and the tiger under his brush was so vivid that it could be mistaken for the real one. Since then, he spent most of his life traveling to many famous mountains and rivers, and saw more birds and beasts, and finally became a generation of painting masters.
Persisting on the success of the character story 50 words Article 5: "Yue Fei learns the art"
National hero Yue Fei was born in the chaotic world, since childhood, the family is poor, in the countryside under the sponsorship of the neighbors, to worship the famous teacher Zhou Tong in Shaanxi to study martial arts, during the period, witness the mountains and rivers in pieces, the people are displaced, the ambition to learn the art of the country, to overcome the complacency of the mood. Cold summer and winter summer, hard practice, in the famous teacher Zhou Tong's careful guidance, finally practiced Yuejia snatch, and led Wang Gui, Tang Xian and other partners, to join the patriotic flood of resistance to the gold to save the country.
Persisting on the success of the character story 50 words Article 6: "Sima Guang police pillow inspirational"
Sima Guang is a playful sleepy child, for which he did not less chastised by Mr. chastisement and companion ridicule, in the Mr. teach, he is determined to change the bad habits of sleepy, in order to get up early, he drank a full stomach of water before going to bed, the results of the morning was not suffocated to wake up, but urinated in the bed, so the smart! Sima Guang with a garden wood for a police pillow, a morning turn over, head slipped on the bed board, naturally woke up, from then on he got up early every day to read, perseverance, and finally became a learned, wrote the "Zizhi Tongjian" of the great literary hero.
Perseverance and Success Story in 50 Words Article 7: "Wang Shipeng Learned Calligraphy the Hard Way"
Wang Shipeng grew up to be smart and quick-witted, but his calligraphy was not as good as he would have liked. So, he was determined to practice calligraphy. Finally, under the guidance of Uncle Bao Yin, he finally realized the true meaning of calligraphy and became a great calligrapher and writer.
The story of the success of the characters who insisted on success in 50 words Article 8: "Qu Yuan's Hard Reading in the Cave"
This story tells that, despite the opposition of the elders, Qu Yuan hid himself in a cave to secretly read the Book of Poetry regardless of the wind and rain, and the freezing weather. After three whole years, he familiarized himself with 305 pieces of the Book of Songs, absorbed rich nutrients from these folk songs and ballads, and finally became a great poet.
The story of a man who insisted on success in 50 words is 9: "Kuang Heng chiseled the wall and stole the light"
Western Han Dynasty, there is a particularly learned man named Kuang Heng, Kuang Heng when he was small, his family was poor, in order to study, he chiseled through the wall of the neighbor's house, Wen Buzhi, and read by a ray of candlelight, which finally touched his neighbor, Wen Buzhi, and with everyone's help, the little Kuang Heng was successful in his studies. In the time of Emperor Yuan of Han Dynasty, by the recommendation of Shi Gao, the Grand Secretary and General of the Chess Cavalry, Kuang Heng was appointed Langzhong and moved to the doctorate.
Persisting Successful Character Stories in 50 Words Article 10: "Wang Xianzhi Learned Characters by the Jar"
Wang Xianzhi, with the character Zijing, was the seventh son of the great calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Book - Saint Wang Xizhi. He himself was a famous calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. When Wang Xianzhi was three or four years old, his mother taught him to memorize and recite poems, and by the time he was five or six years old, he was able to speak and recite a few lines of poetry smoothly. Compared with his elder brother, Wang Ningzhi, he was more and more alert and intelligent, and he was especially fond of practicing calligraphy. Wang Xianzhi's family had a large water tank, and the story of this movie is inextricably linked to this large water tank!
The Story of Xu Xiake and Muzeng
Among China's ancient travelers, those who were famous for their civilian status include Wang Dayuan on the outside and Xu Xiake on the inside. Wang Dabuan's travels focused on overseas, while Xu Xiake's travels focused on domestic, a unique complementarity.
Compared with all the travelers of the past and present, Xu Xiake's most unique significance lies in the fact that he traveled with the spirit of nature and the life of the body, and was the purest and most professional traveler. His father, Xu You Mian, used to take his family to and from Suzhou and Hangzhou for "family trips" As a teenager, Xu Xiake, like all the scholars in the world, also took the imperial examinations, hoping to take the path of learning and excellence. He was 15 years old, the first time to participate in the "children's test", failed, and from then on will be completely goodbye with the imperial examinations, follow the call of the heart, ready to ask the strange famous mountains and rivers. Rarely, Xu Xiake's parents were very open-minded, and they let their children do what they liked. Xu Xiake's parents were visionary. Not only did they understand where their child's talent lay, but they believed he could make his way.With the support of his parents, Xu Xiake devoted himself to his ambition from the age of 15. Historical records show that Xu Xiake has since begun to read books on ancient and modern history, geography and local history, mountain and sea atlases, and travelogues, and has made every effort to prepare himself for his travels. On a sunny day, Xu Xiake set off from his hometown Jiangyin and traveled to Ninghai, Zhejiang Province. Thus, the prelude to his lifetime of magnificent travels was officially opened.
Jiangyin is located in the Yangtze River Delta estuary south coast area, is the control center of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, inside and outside the window, the territory of the rivers and canals across the river with the lake, fertile land, is the land of fish and rice. It should be said that the unique geographical environment of Jiangyin County, for the young Xu Xiake wish to ask Qi famous mountains and rivers to provide certain objective conditions. Xu Xiake in his later writings "back to the river source" said: "the river for the north and south of the two meridian flow, to its special up to the sea also. And Yuyi just as the big river such as the rush of the sea. Eup to the name of the river, but also to the potential of the river, to this large and exhaustive. Those who grew up in the area, looked at the ocean and bowed to it, knowing that it was big and not knowing how far it was; those who traced its source also thought that it originated from Minshan Mountain only." After that, the magnificent trip continues to extend, Xu Xiake visited 21 provinces, more than 100 cities, according to today's division, explored more than 500 caves, visited more than 1,000 bridges.
The Chinese like to talk about their origins first and foremost when it comes to fame, fortune, and wealth. When we looked into Xu Xiake's life, we found that his ancestor, his great-grandfather Xu Jing, was once a rich man in Jiangyin. To his great-grandfather Xu Qia generation, the family property is also considered rich, once owned more than 12,000 acres of land. His grandfather Xu Yanfang's family was in decline, but he still owned a lot of land. Xu Xiake's father, Xu Youmian, is basically an ordinary family, but there is one thing that is not ordinary, that is, from the ancestors inherited the family motto and collection of books, which has become a spiritual mine for Xu Xiake's growth. Xu Youmian often took his family to and from Suzhou and Hangzhou, "family travel", so the influence of the family style on Xu Xiake is inevitable.Xu Xiake's mother, Wang Ruren, was a woman of extraordinary insight and broad-mindedness, and she was the hero behind Xu Xiake's ancient travel saint. Xu mother was born in Jiangyin Jinfeng Township, East Chang Village, a scholarly family, farming and reading family, from a young age, smart and diligent. 19 years old married to the Xu family, gave birth to Xu Xiake.
The teenager Xu Xiake is a "mischievous ghost", should not read the books of the examination, all day long immersed in ancient and modern history, mountain and sea atlas and other "cold" books, but also not move to climb mountains, peaks, dive, like an eagle! Flying in the sky, like a fish swimming in the water, as much as possible, and do a decent job. Xu's mother encouraged her son to set his mind on heaven and earth, and to do what he liked to do. Encouraged by his mother's care, Xu Xiake read books on history, geography and travelogues with great hunger and thirst, and began to travel around his hometown.
Just as Xu Xiake was preparing himself for his life's great journey, his father, Xu Youmian, died of an illness. Xu Xiake was 18 years old. Xu Xiake's mother encouraged him to travel in all directions without thinking about himself, and to encourage his son to travel far and wide. In order to encourage his son to travel, Xu's mother specially made a hat for him, known as "travel crown". From then on, Xu Xiake with his mother's incentive and advice, time and again set off, "directed and go, as expected and return." This is his agreement with his mother, but also his adherence to filial piety.
On one occasion, Xu Xiake in the tour of Wudang Mountain, "suddenly remembered that the day has been clear, do not win the scenic pining feelings. So since the grass store, the more twenty-four days, the day after the Buddha arrived home. To too and hammered plum for the old mother's birthday." At that time, the hammer plum tree not only belongs to the rare species, and is worshipped as the Wudang Mountain "sacred tree", its fruit is also listed as "forbidden fruit" by the temple. A Taoist priest once secretly brought out three or four of them and was severely punished after being discovered. Xu Xiake in order to express his filial piety to his mother, took the initiative to ask the owner of the Guan, in the travelogue, he said: "the same shape and kumquat, oozing out of the same liquid as honey, the appearance of gold, the texture of jade, extraordinary products." This time, he a **** got hammer plum fruit 8, in addition to their own taste of one, the rest all brought back to his mother as a birthday gift.
Xu's mother was not only successful in educating her children, she was also very good at governing her family. After the death of Xu Youmian, Xu's mother, in addition to running the household, to play their own spinning and weaving expertise, opened a workshop, leading the villagers to engage in the textile industry. The cloth she spun was so dense and fine, so flat and smooth, that people who bought it could clearly recognize it as "Xu Family Cloth", and it became a hot commodity at the local market. Mother Xu was also a woman of vision. In order to preserve the calligraphy, paintings, poems and writings of the sages, she and her son discussed the establishment of the Qingshan Hall, where 94 poems and writings were engraved on the stone and passed down, becoming an important cultural heritage. This love of Xu's mother was a great love, and she was praised by Gao Panlong, the leader of the East Forest Party, as "the wise mother of the East Sea". And as a son of Xu Xiake, his filial piety, is a great filial piety. When his parents were alive, he was filial to his parents' aspirations and traveled regularly, not letting his parents worry about him. When his parents were gone, he put away his traveling clothes and kept his filial piety for three years. "Poor travel" he is not more comfortable than today's "backpackers", there have been scholars calculated that only Xu Xiake last westbound Yunnan three years of travel expenses, equivalent to RMB 160,000 to 200,000 yuan, which is also a lot of money in today's. So Xu Xiake's long years of travel. So what are the sources of Xu Xiake's travel expenses? How did he spend his travel money on "food, lodging, transportation, shopping and entertainment"?The answer is as follows: family support. Xu's mother's weaving "Xu family cloth" had a very good benefit, which should be the main source of Xu Xiake's travel expenses in the early days. After his mother's death, Xu Xiake also relied on selling and mortgaging his property as support. Relief from friends. For example, he was helped by Tusi Muzeng in Yunnan. There were also official friends who gave him a horse plate. Horse license is the ancient officials have "official documents", with the horse license, Xu Xiake can rest in any post station in the country free of charge, but also can be requisitioned for the people to carry the sedan chair for him, a great use. The help of monks and Taoist priests. Xu Xiake a man of cloth, both need monks as a guide, but also need to live in the temple, and with fasting. Overcoming difficulties on his own. "All night long, he sleeps between the trees and rocks, and when he is hungry, he eats the food of grass and trees."
Overall, Xu Xiake was a "poor traveler", and no more comfortable than today's "backpackers". Xu Xiake's maverick journey not only paints a wonderful picture of mountains and rivers, but also shows us a noble and interesting soul. His travel is pleasant and extraordinary, full of infinite wonder: "stopping at the immortal raft bridge, watching the stone beams lying rainbow, waterfalls spraying snow, a few do not want to lie down." He saw the scenery is thrilling: "the two walls of stone color, light Ying want to drip, hanging columns inverted lotus, and if carved, the shape wants to fly"; more "Longqiu waterfalls, bombarded under the pounding in the pool, the rocky terrain open craggy, the water does not have to be, floating in the air, and suddenly dazzling horror of the heart and eyes." "When the floating clouds are over, the sun rides in the sky, the mountains overlap the competition. Raging current to send the boat, both sides of the _ peaches and plums, floodlight want to dance, out of sitting on the bow, do not feel like immortal!" Even our great writer, Mr. Lu Xun, read this travelogue could not help but write down the "crane and fly" of the reverie, how he would like to become a crane, and Xu Xiake together to this strange world to roam ah! In the tour of Yandang Mountain, sometimes "such as walking on the back of a knife", and the situation, it is difficult to accommodate. Xu Xiake hesitation on the cliffs, do not dare to return by the original trail, can only ask the servants to take off the footbinding cloth into a cloth rope, in turn, from the cliffs suspended in the air and down. And so on down to the stone level, can only accommodate feet, and then there is no more room. When they looked down at the cliff, they were a hundred feet deep. Later, they tried their best to pull the cloth rope to jump in the air, only to climb to the upper level of the rock, to get out of danger.In addition to the natural dangers, there are man-made disasters: such as Hengyang encountered robbers, Jingzhou encountered thieves, to Yunnan, has been followed for many years of travel companion Gu servant even absconded with the money, rolled away the Lijiang Tuji to give him the "black incense and white acid ten two, four gold two". He came out of the cave and said to the crowd that there were no ghosts and monsters in the cave, but there was a strange and spectacular scenery. During his journey to Yunnan, Xu Xiake had a companion, the monk Jingwen, who had copied a Buddhist scripture with his finger blood, and he wanted to go to Dali with Xu Xiake to enshrine the scripture in the Taoist temple on Jizu Mountain. Unfortunately, they encountered robbers in the Xiangjiang River and fled for their lives tragically. Jingwen was wounded by the robbers' knives and died of illness in Guangxi a few days later.
"Must be put in the bone Jizhu Mountain." This is a casual encounter with Xu Xiake's "donkey friend" Jing Wen left his last words. An increasingly old, in the thousands of miles of lonely travel in the trek, to realize the last words for a person who has died? The answer is yes! A year later, in winter, Xu Xiake arrived at Jizu Mountain with Jingwen's bones and the scripture on his back. When he arrived, the monks in the ancient temple on Jizu Mountain were all moved. This was Xu Xiake's fulfillment of his promise and his consolation to the deceased. Although it is a casual encounter, the person concerned has passed away, I also want to trek across the mountains, not far to fulfill his last wish! Once, Xu Xiake was ready to enter the hemp leaf cave in Hunan. Local townspeople with sickles, sticks guarding the entrance to the cave, others put down their hands of labor, the cave surrounded. They were worried whether Xu Xiake would make it out alive, for legend had it that there were dragons, demons, and pythons in the cave that would eat people. With a smile on his face, Xu Xiake calmly picked up a torch and entered the cave. In the cave, he experienced the natural wonders of the cave for himself. After completing the expedition, he walked out of the cave and told the hundred or so people guarding the entrance that there were no ghosts or monsters in the cave, but there was a strange and spectacular scenery. Everyone saw Xu Xiake refreshed and spoke with great vigor, and they all admired him. Xu Xiake not only challenges everything, and never superstitious authority. He hated the rumor that he had been wrongly accused. He said, "the face of the mountains and rivers, mostly for the map of the book of records by the blind." Top of Tendu Peak, Xu Xiake felt that "all peaks are not under the ambush, the only Lotus and resistance to the ear", and then climbed to the top of the Lotus Peak, really found that "the top of the silhouette, looking around the sky, that is, Tendu is also carried forward," "the peak of the Huangshan Mountain in the middle of the peaks, the only peaks out of all the peaks On", and thus concluded that Lotus Peak is the highest peak of Mount Huangshan. This discovery makes today's surveying and mapping experts wonder, because modern technology, Lotus Peak elevation of 1864 meters, Tendu Peak elevation of 1810 meters, the two peaks height difference of 54 meters, while the two are 1100 meters apart, it is difficult to find this gap through visual inspection. 53-year-old Xu Xiake is ready to continue westward into Burma, was the toast Muzeng kindly blocked, Muzeng said, the May jungle miasma is very severe, there are wild people infested, at any time there will be a life threatening. At this time, because of the long years of running, Xu Xiake's physical condition has been very bad, the most important thing is that the feet are worn out, in his own words, "two feet with the waste, the heart is exhausted", weighing again and again, Xu Xiake finally gave up the idea of entering Burma, which is the first time in more than 30 years of Xu Xiake's travel to give up the initiative. The first time in 30 years, Xu Xiake traveled to give up. Yunnan, also became the end of Xu Xiake's life journey. The year is 1640, Xu Xiake can no longer walk, and his condition is getting worse. Seeing this situation, Muzeng decisively sent eight strong Naxi Hanzi, Xu Xiake with bamboo chairs to carry back thousands of miles away from his home in Jiangyin. These Naxi Hanzi follow Mu Zeng's instructions, through the mountains, wind and rain, lasted half a year, Xu Xiake safely carried back to his hometown. A few months later, Xu Xiake died in the disease. It is said that Xu Xiake explained to his son when he was dying, his head should be facing the direction of Yunnan after his death, which is meant to express his gratitude to Muzeng. Xu Xiake in Lijiang, during the wood of the Toastmasters enthusiastic about the culture of the Central Plains is very admirable, it is "even the night bonfire, C night began to sleep", completed the wood Zeng "cloud _ light ink" book finishing editing and proofreading work, and for the wood Zeng's "mountains in the fun" set of preface, and so on. At the same time, he also instructed Mu Zeng's son, Mu Su, to learn writing. Mu Zeng also showed great respect for Xu Xiake. Today, when countless travelers stop in front of the Lijiang Mufu Museum to admire the statues of Muzeng and Xu Xiake, they will still be moved by that noble friendship. Death is not hate, he is a real traveler In the last moments of his life, Xu Xiake objective evaluation of his life, he said: "Zhang Qian chiseled air, did not see the Kunlun; Tang Xuanzang Yuan Yelu Chu material articulate the Lord's orders, is to get to the West. My old cloth, lonely double sandals, poor river sand, on the Kunlun, the Western Regions, the title of the absolute country, and three and four, death is not hate." Death is not regrettable, enough! As a professional traveler, Xu Xiake first made a pioneering contribution to tourism, because of his remarkable travel, which also made him a geographer of course. "He was the originator of the study of Chinese mountain geography. Because of his remarkable contributions, we should regard Xu Xiake as one of the most outstanding geographers in Chinese history. The Travels of Xu Xiake is a scientific document of worldwide significance." As a scientist, he did not believe in ghosts and gods, and kept true, accurate and detailed records of landforms, caves, hydrology, flora and fauna, hot springs, geology, and many other aspects.*** Records of 61 types of landforms, 24 types of water bodies, more than 170 kinds of flora and fauna, 1,259 famous mountains, more than 540 cavernous caverns, and more than 50 cultural relics and monuments, encyclopedically provide historical materials in geography. For this reason, we can compare the expedition records of geographical masterpieces through the ages from a table below. In addition, Xu Xiake examined karst landforms 200 years earlier than the West; he figured out the source of the Pearl River and corrected the errors of the Daming Yitong Zhi; corrected the errors of the Yugong Because of his travels, he has cast himself as a geographer par excellence! In literature, Xu Xiake can be called outstanding. He "according to the scene straight book, modeling landscape", describing the state of things, copying the picture, not only the text of the work is extraordinary, and "style" unique. His travelogue is full of interest, the weather, mountains and rivers, the source of the flow of the twists and turns, the noise on the paper, remembered the wonders of scenic beauty, as brilliant as the stars, all let the reader wonder and marvel! His 37 surviving poems are also a testament to his literary prowess and talent. For example, he wrote about the mountains: I want to ride the back of the Jade Dragon upside down, the peak of the cranes **** fluttering. The first thing you need to do is to write about the sea: all the gullies are composted in the same gully, and the Milky Way is pointing to the autumn of the nine heavens. Write waterfalls: pearl wrong fall nine sky shadow, ice and snow turned into double wall noise. Write snow: the north star at hand jade dragon eyes, crushing the void snow for ten thousand years. Write plum blossom: spring with vanilla a thousand years colorful, people and plum blossom as clear. Write friendship: don't Jun has been promised to carry Jun bone, night and night mountain weeping azalea. In terms of ecology, Xu Xiake not only synthesized the relationship between man and nature, but also overflowing with the love of nature, this pure "Chinese love of nature", so that we really feel the protection of the ecological environment, the protection of the historical and cultural heritage of great significance. At the same time, Xu Xiake also detailed records and reflect the ethnic areas of travel, involving Yao, Zhuang, Miao, Naxi and many other ethnic minorities, production and life, customs, festivals and other activities, is an ancient rich ethnographic survey of the factual record. He had extensive contact with various social strata in the late Ming Dynasty and recorded rich social and historical content, providing a credible history of the social situation in the late Ming Dynasty.Of course, in terms of inspiration, Xu Xiake and his travelogues are also an indispensable source of spirituality. Not to mention his encounters with thieves, his triumph over hunger and the hardships of exploration, his persistence in keeping a diary for a long time is enough to show his perseverance. The existing 630,000-word diary is not only the largest work of ancient travelogues in China, but also an inspirational monument for countless writers to focus on one thing. When we sit in the spacious and bright study today, still complaining or slack, may wish to think about a thousand years ago that "on the broken wall withered trees, burning pine gleanings, walking pen for the record" of the great traveler Xu Xiake.
Xu Xiake from the age of 22 to open the adventure, 51 years old for the last departure, 53 years old due to the "two feet have been abolished" and return to the east, died at the age of 54. This life, he only did one thing, travel, the relentless pursuit of poetry and distant lands. What is more valuable is that, in the era of should be lifted into the wind, Xu Xiake chose a difficult road: the price of life, to investigate nature as their own responsibility, in the wind and rain, cold and heat, cliffs and cliffs, traveling around, creating a lot of history, known as the "world of travel saint". Xu Xiake left us the wealth is three-dimensional, huge, he used the most unique travel, the most exquisite text, described the world's most wonderful scenery, expressed the highest clean feelings, the pursuit of the most harmonious relationship between man and nature, casting the most true spirit of science, which is not only the root of the success of the Xu Xiake, but also left us the greatest wealth. I have always wondered what kind of person can be called a traveler. What is the main difference between a traveler and a traveler? Now, looking at Xu Xiake's life, we can come up with this "answer": there are two core criteria for becoming a traveler, one is to have a travel experience that will go down in history, and the other is to have a monumental travelogue.