Rotavirus vaccine is a vaccine to prevent rotavirus enteritis, mainly for children from 2 months to 3 years old. Rotavirus infectious diarrhea is the second leading cause of infant emergency and death (except respiratory tract infection). About100000 infants suffer from rotavirus gastroenteritis every year in China, accounting for 1/4 of the total number of infants. Therefore, rotavirus has become a research hotspot of scientists all over the world. Rotavirus vaccine is the most economical and effective means to prevent rotavirus-infected diarrhea.
Rotavirus enteritis is more common in infants aged 6 months to 3 years, which is a serious disease endangering children's health. It mainly occurs in late autumn and early winter and is highly contagious. Patients and recessive carriers are the sources of infection, which can cause sporadic or explosive epidemics through digestive tract, close contact and respiratory tract transmission.
Rotavirus infection varies from asymptomatic, mild to severe, and severe cases have fatal gastroenteritis, dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. The symptoms of rotavirus enteritis include fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, bloody watery diarrhea, watery stool or egg drop soup stool, with no peculiar smell, more than 5 ~ 10 times a day. Symptoms can last for 3 ~ 9 days. It can also be manifested as symptoms such as upper respiratory tract infection. Complications such as viral myocarditis, pneumonia, encephalitis and septic shock may occur.
Generally, the prognosis is good, but in severe cases, dehydration acidosis may occur and even lead to death. There is no specific medicine after the onset, and only symptomatic treatment can be given.
Vaccination with rotavirus vaccine is the most effective and economical medical means to prevent rotavirus enteritis. At present, the protection rate of live attenuated rotavirus vaccine used in China can reach 73.72%, the protection rate of severe diarrhea can reach over 90%, and the protection time is 1 year.
Refer to the above information: Baidu Encyclopedia-Rotavirus Vaccine