1, the original excerpt
King Xiang said, "Warriors! Can you drink again? " Fan Kuai said, "I don't want to avoid death, so I drink my wine and quit! Her husband, King Qin, has the heart of a tiger and a wolf. If you can't kill, you are afraid of being punished, and the world is rebellious.
2. Translation
Xiang Yu said, "Brave men! Can you still drink? " Fan Kuai said, "I'm not afraid of death. What can I say no to a glass of wine? The king of Qin has the heart of a tiger and a wolf. He was afraid that he couldn't kill all the people and kept torturing them, so everyone rose up against him.
3. Source
Sima Qian's Historical Records of Xiang Yu in the Western Han Dynasty
Extended data 1, creative background
Sima Qian's stepfather was Taishi Gong in the third year of Yuanfeng (BC 108), and he began to write Taishi Gong Shu (hereinafter referred to as Historical Records) in the first year of Shu Tai (BC 104). Later, he was arrested and imprisoned for defending Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty for the defeat and surrender of Li Ling, and was convicted of corruption, which caused great physical and mental trauma.
After he was released from prison, he worked as a secretary and continued to finish his history books with humiliation and enthusiasm. In about two years (9 1 year ago), the book was finally compiled and revised. There are * * * 130 copies, the seventh of which is Biography of Xiang Yu.
As the arch-rival of Liu Bang, the founding father of the Han Dynasty, Xiang Yu once competed with Liu Bang for the world. The attitudes of emperors in the Han Dynasty towards Xiang Yu were more derogatory than positive. Sima Qian is different. Yang Xiong's "Fa Yan" says: "The teacher moves, saying it is recorded." "My son loves more and loves strange things." It is precisely because of Sima Qian's spirit of "recording the truth" and his thought of "loving strangeness" that he created the image of Xiang Yu with distinct personality, which does not regard success or failure as a hero.
The Hongmen Banquet was an important node in Xiang Yu's life, so Sima Qian reproduced this event in a colorful way.
2. Introduction to the author
Sima Qian (former145-no textual research) was born in xia yang (now south of Hancheng, Shaanxi). Historians and essayists in the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Tan's son, Ren Taishiling, was imprisoned for defending Li Ling's defeat and surrender, and later served as the secretariat. He worked hard to complete the historical records he wrote, and was called Shi Qian, Tai Shigong and the father of history by the later Buddha.
Sima Qian studied under Kong Anguo and Dong Zhongshu in his early years, roaming around, learning about customs and collecting rumors. As a first-time doctor, he served in the southwest. In the third year of Yuanfeng (108), he was appointed as the Taishiling, inherited his father's business and wrote history. He created China's first biography and general history book (formerly known as Taishi Gongshu) with the historical knowledge of "studying the relationship between man and nature, understanding the changes from ancient times to modern times, and making a family statement".
It is recognized as a model of China's history books, which records more than 3,000 years' history from the legendary period of the Yellow Emperor to the first year of the founding of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It is the first of the "twenty-five histories" and is praised by Lu Xun as "a historian's swan song, and Li Sao has no rhyme".
Baidu encyclopedia-hongmen banquet
Baidu Encyclopedia-Historical Records of Xiang Yu
Baidu Encyclopedia-Sima Qian