The soil in Qiongzhong County is mainly composed of granite and a small amount of purple sandstone, sand shale and andesite. The soil types are diverse, and the soil quality is deep and fertile. According to the different soil parent materials, the county is divided into 7 soil types, 14 subcategories, 37 soil genera and 103 soil types, including meadow soil, yellow soil, lateritic red soil, red limestone soil, purple soil and paddy soil in southern mountainous areas. The shrub meadow soil in the southern mountainous area is distributed on the top of the mountain at an altitude of 1.600 meters. The parent material of the soil is weathered sand shale, covering an area of 3,860 mu, accounting for 0.65,438+02% of the natural soil, and the soil layer is 40 cm thick. Yellow loam is distributed in mountainous areas with an altitude of 750 ~ 1600 meters. The parent material of the soil is weathered granite or sandstone, covering an area of 23,2071mu, accounting for 7% of the natural soil, and the soil layer is 24-85 cm thick. Lateritic red soil is distributed in mountainous areas with an altitude of 400 ~ 750 meters. Its parent material is granite and weathered sandstone, covering an area of 950,247 mu, accounting for 28.7% of natural soil, and the soil layer is 1 10cm thick. Latosol is distributed in the gentle slope of the low mountain below 400 meters above sea level, with an area of 1995042 mu, accounting for 60.4% of the natural soil, and the thickness of the soil layer is about 100cm. Red calcareous soil is distributed in the hilly area in the west of Shiyun Township. The parent soil is limestone weathered material, with an area of 178 1 mu, accounting for 0.05% of the natural soil, and the thickness of the soil layer is 54 cm. Purple soil is distributed in the hilly area from Songtao to Dabao Village in Mu Li Mountain Town in the north. The parent material of the soil is purple sandstone weathered material, covering an area of 42,359 mu, accounting for 1.3% of the natural soil, and the thickness of the soil layer is 62 cm. Paddy soil is scattered in hills and terraces of towns and villages. The alluvial deposit, whose parent material is mountainous or hilly valley, covers an area of 80,545 mu, accounting for 2.43% of the natural soil, 2% of the total area of the county, 57.4% of the cultivated land, and the soil layer is 66 cm thick.
plant resources
There are many kinds of plant resources in Qiongzhong county, among which forest resources are very rich, which is one of the counties with the largest forest reserves in the province. In 2008, the total area of forestry land in the county was 3.35 million mu, accounting for 83% of the total area of the county, including 3.097 million mu of woodland, with a forest coverage rate of 865,438 0.67%. According to the forest planning, there are 6,543,800 mu of commercial forest land and 6,543,800 mu of public welfare forest land. The county is one of the key forest areas of tropical rain forest in Hainan Province, including Wuzhishan forest area, Ying Ge forest area, Chongxiangling forest area, Bengling forest area, Feishuiling forest area, Jiajiling forest area, Baimaling forest area and Baihualing forest area, as well as some collective forest areas in the county. There are many kinds of wood, including more than 700 species, and more than 70 species belong to the second class and wild oil plants. The main precious wood are mother tree, Azadirachta indica, star anise, rouge, jackfruit, Runnan, Youdan, pear, Zidan, slope base, feather pine, Lu Junsong, green litchi, bamboo cypress and amethyst. These wood materials are hard and tough and have strong corrosion resistance. They are excellent wood for building and manufacturing advanced appliances. Forest resources are widely distributed, but concentrated in eight main peaks, such as Wuzhishan, Limu Mountain, Ying Ge Ridge, Jiatieling and Baimaling. Bamboo plants mainly include Phyllostachys pubescens, carnation, Phyllostachys pubescens (also known as Phyllostachys pubescens), Dendrocalamus latiflorus and green bamboo. Medicinal plants mainly include Aquilaria Resinatum, Hei Hu, Acorus gramineus, Rhizoma Cibotii, Radix Flemingiae, Radix Morindae Officinalis, Folium Isatidis, Folium Pyrrosiae, Moschus, Radix Curcumae, Stemonae, Fructus Alpinae Oxyphyllae, Rhizoma Coptidis, Celosia cristata, Xu Changqing, Rhizoma Arisaematis, Herba Menthae, Herba Schizonepetae, Plantaginis, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Lily, Radix Paeoniae and Radix Isatidis. There are 509 kinds of flower crops, mainly kapok.
Animal resources
Qiongzhong county is rich in animal resources and has a wide variety. Rare wild animals mainly include black bear, gibbon, macaque, leopard, scarab, mountain deer, peacock pheasant, pangolin, python, pheasant, parrot and so on. Among them, scarab is an edible tonic, and its output ranks first in the province. There are more than 300 species of birds, mainly resident birds and migratory birds, among which resident birds are herons, pigeons, woodpeckers, bird peckers, snipes, cuckoos, eagles, warblers, swallows, magpies, thrushes, etc., and migratory birds are warblers, snipes, owls, owls, etc. Fish include bamboo abalone, stone shad, silver carp, imperial fish, plum fish and eel. The largest eel weighs about 40 Jin. The fish is tender, sweet and nutritious. There are also precious otters, water turtles and soft-shelled turtles in fresh water. Arthropods mainly include shrimp, crab, spider, centipede, scorpion, dragonfly and so on. There are 37 species of amphibians, mainly frogs and toads. Reptiles mainly include big-headed turtle, spotted turtle, python, cobra, golden ring snake, slope beetle, lizard, gecko and so on. Molluscs mainly include snails, snails, mussels and snails. Annelids mainly include earthworm, hirudin and hirudin.
mineral resources
There are 4 kinds of ferrous metals, nonferrous metals and nonmetallic minerals1in Qiongzhong county, and 4 occurrences and mineralization points1. The iron mine is located in granite and time-dependent pulse-type faults about 100 meters upstream of Guaipo Bridge. Minerals become magnetite, with a small amount of lead, zinc and carbon. Mineral fossils are 30 ~ 80 cm thick and extend about 100 meters. Pyrite (also known as pyrite) is distributed in Yinggen Baihua Village, Hongmao Yaowan, Maoyang Dushi, Shang 'an Luo Yun and the first team of state-owned Xinjin Farm. There are 1 1 gold deposits and mineralization points with low gold-bearing position and small reserves, which are mainly distributed in Shang 'an, Wushi, Zhong Ping, Hongdao and Limushan. Copper mines are distributed along the highway between Limushan and Fan Qi. Lead and zinc are distributed in the river about 100 m upstream of Guaipo Bridge and in the rubber forest about 1.5 km south of the state-owned Guaipo Farm Tea Factory. Silver mines are distributed in Zhonglang and Taiping in Wanling Town. There are crystal minerals, gangue minerals, sylvite minerals, limestone minerals, marble minerals and granite in nonmetallic occurrences, among which gabbro (marble) and limestone in Shi Yun area have a reserve of more than 5 million tons, which is of high mining value.
Southern drug resources
Nanyao is also a traditional pillar industry in Qiongzhong County. The prices of betel nut, Yizhi and other southern medicines are better, farmers are more enthusiastic about planting management, and the production and sales of southern medicines are booming. By the end of 2008, the planting area of betel nut in the county was 99,273.3 mu and the output was 7,295.62 tons. The area of Alpinia oxyphylla is 35,000 mu, and the output is 1.6 1.5 tons. Betel nut and Alpinia oxyphylla have achieved good economic benefits.
fishery resources
Qiongzhong County is rich in water resources, and farmers make full use of this advantage to build freshwater fish ponds and develop fish farming. In 2007-2008, the freshwater fish culture area in the county reached 6.5438+0.65438+0 million mu, and the total output value of freshwater fisheries was 32.82 million yuan, up 32.65% year-on-year, including 28.62 million yuan for aquaculture and 6.5438+0.354 million yuan for freshwater fishing. The total output of freshwater aquatic products is 354 1 ton, including freshwater fishing 1.345 tons and aquaculture 2456 tons.
water resource
Qiongzhong county has abundant rainfall, with an average annual rainfall of 2445 mm in recent years. In addition, the vegetation is well developed and the forest coverage rate exceeds 865,438+0%. Therefore, the river runoff is sufficient, with an average annual runoff of 3.929 billion cubic meters and abundant water resources. The theoretical reserve of water resources in the county is 2 1 10,000 kilowatts, which can be developed and utilized10.2 million kilowatts. By 2008, there will be 5/kloc-0 hydropower stations in the county.