The Brothers Grimm, Jacob (1785-1863) and Wilhelm (1786-1859), were born in Wilhelm, Germany, the sons of the local administrative court. After the death of their father in 1796, the family's life became difficult, but the two brothers continued to study hard and graduated from the prestigious University of Mulbrugge with excellent grades, and then taught at the Universities of G?ttingen and Berlin, and took advantage of their work to publish books such as German Grammar and Ancient Records of the Laws of Germany.
The Grimm's Fairy Tales, published by the Brothers Grimm, was first published on Christmas Day, 1812, only six years after the tragic Napoleonic occupation of Germany.
The Brothers Grimm's passion for the loss of utopia and their desire for the unification of the German nation during this tragic period in Germany became the driving force behind their work. The Brothers Grimm believed that Napoleon's invasion was brought about by the failure to unite the many city-states of Germany, and that the unification of the German nation must begin with the unification of language and culture. The period from the end of the eighteenth century to the nineteenth century was the heyday of German culture; in literature there were Goethe and Schiller, in philosophy there was Kant, in music there was Mozart, Beethoven and Haydn. Under the strong national consciousness, the public gradually became interested in the history, myths and legends of the Germanic peoples, and even the countryside stories, and the Grimm's fairy tales were born in such a background.
The first edition, published in 1812, sold well, and was followed by the second (1819), third (1837), fourth (1840), fifth (1843), sixth (1850), and seventh (1857) editions -- the same editions that the Brothers Grimm published in their lifetime.
The seventh edition is the last edition of the Brothers Grimm's work; most of the foreign translations and introductions in the past have been based on the seventh edition.
But the original Grimm's Fairy Tales was, in the eyes of publishers and critics, "a collection of stories that a mother could not read to her daughter without blushing with shame". As a result, the Brothers Grimm reprinted the fairy tale with a number of deletions; in particular, the most controversial episodes of sexual intercourse, pregnancy, and adultery between close relatives were completely deleted.
Nowadays, thanks to the fever of fairy tale rethinking, the fairy tale has been given a new life. Although various schools of thought have analyzed fairy tales from different perspectives, the most notable one is the "psychoanalytic" one.
For example, according to Brno. For example, according to Bruno Bertihan, the dispute between Snow White and her stepmother stems from the Edipus complex, in which both mother and daughter want to possess their father. And in the case of Karl Heinz, the Heinz Marey's analysis. In Karl Heinz Marey's analysis, "Bluebeard" to the consort of the key to the door can not break into people, in fact, a "chastity belt" meaning of the key.
Apart from psychoanalysis, another popular method of analysis is the "historical analysis". For example, the high frequency of stepmothers and stepfathers in the story reflects the fact that in the early modern period in Europe, one out of every five married men remarried. As for the "abandonment of children" in the story of "Hanso and Greta", it is also a reflection of a common phenomenon in those days, when famine made it impossible to make ends meet.
Therefore, after considering the different analyses of various scholars, we decided to unearth the cruelty and reality in the "first edition" of Grimm's Fairy Tales, to thoroughly analyze the subconsciousness and historical background hidden in the fairy tales, and to launch a more vivid Grimm's Fairy Tales Collection with a new interpretation. Although it is impossible to strictly define, most of the stories in Grimm's Fairy Tales are set in the early modern period between the 12th and 18th centuries, which may be the special meaning of the era that the Brothers Grimm wanted to express, right?
"Wow! So that's what the story is about?" "So this is what they really wanted to convey!" If this book can arouse such interest among readers, then the author's hard work will be compensated for.
The children were lying in their beds, with their blankets all tied up; a light breeze was blowing in through the window, and the mother, in order to lull them to sleep, began to tell a very nice story ...... about some children who had been given to be thrown away in the mountains, and abducted to a witch's wooden hut, where the witch was going to fatten them up, and then put them in the oven and bake them until they were seven or eight years old.
Critics have long criticized the so-called classical "fairy tales" that adults tell children as gory horror stories. But one thing that few of these critics have noticed is that the fairy tales we read today are often still heavily diluted, and the originals are far more horrific and brutal.
Sleeping Beauty was not first awakened by a kiss. According to a 1636 Italian version of the story, the earliest written version found today, Sleeping Beauty was raped by a man who rode off without even leaving a "Dear Sleeping Beauty" note. She didn't wake up until nine months later, when she realized she was the mother of two children.
The Blonde Thief was first a dried-up old woman who was crucified on the spire of St. Paul's Cathedral by three angry iron spears. In Scotland, Cinderella's stepmother chipped off her own daughters' toes and heels so she could get them into those crystal shoes. As for Snow White, all we can say at this point is that the story would have been much more complicated than just that queen wanting her heart.
By this point, chances are you're asking: how can adults tell such a story to children?
Folklorists explain that classical mythology, all of it, was passed down from oral stories, and that adults told children and some other adults those stories they themselves had heard. In pre-Victorian Europe, children were not treated as "children" but as young adults, not too far removed from their own teenage wedding nights. Because of the crowded housing, children grew up seeing a lot of drunken scandals, loafers, and fights. Two men - few in America remember them now - took credit for collecting and organizing folklore for later generations of fairy tales. No, not the Brothers Grimm's collection of fairy tales. There was an Italian man named Giambattista Bassil. Basil, who wrote a book called just Lo Cunto de li Cunte (The Collection of Stories), a collection of 50 stories in the dialect of the area around Sicily, which was published in 1636 (for some strange reason, most English-speaking scholars, refer to this book as The Five Days' Tales, or half of the Decameron).
Another man made an even greater contribution. The Frenchman Charles B. Perrault's more elaborate book, published in 1697, contained only eight short stories. Surprisingly, seven of them became classics: "Cinderella," "Little Red Riding Hood," "Bluebeard," "Kitten in Boots ", "Sleeping Beauty", "Diamonds and Frogs" (The Frog Prince) and "Thumbs Up". So, kids, turn off the nightlight~~Now for a few scary stories~~
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3# Big Medium Small Posted by Big Medium Small on 2006-11-10 11:31 Only see this author
Bloody Tales- Zacks, An Alternative History of Western Civilization
(Richard?Zacks: The Underground Education)
Sweeper's note: In Richard? Zacks: An Alternative History of Western Civilization, the author is introduced in the dust jacket of the Chinese edition as follows: "Richard Zacks is a self-taught and exceptionally well educated man. Richard Zacks is an extraordinarily successful self-educator. He has studied Arabic, Greek, Latin, Italian, and Hebrew, and was awarded the Philip Prize for Ancient Greek by the University of Michigan. You could call him erudite or uneducated. This book is a hodgepodge of much of the knowledge he has gleaned from the stacks of old books, a fascinating collection of amazing stories and five-watt pictures that may seem grotesque, but are actually true history. The book has been excerpted in many fashionable magazines and has generated so much criticism that the Georgia legislature even voted on whether or not to censor the book from public ****ing libraries. The New York Times commented that Zacks has specialized in vulgarity and perversity."
The children were lying in their beds, with their covers all tied up, and a light breeze was coming in through the window, and the mother, in an effort to lull the children to sleep, began to tell a very nice story--saying that some of the children had been given to be thrown away in the mountains, and had been abducted to a witch's wooden hut, and that the witch was going to fatten up the children there, and then put them in the oven to be roasted and eaten seven or eight times over. Critics have long criticized the so-called classical "fairy tales" that we tell our children as gory horror stories. What these critics rarely notice, however, is that the fairy tales we read today are often still heavily diluted, and the originals are far more horrific and brutal.
Sleeping Beauty was not first awakened by a kiss. According to a 1636 Italian version of the story, the earliest written version found today, Sleeping Beauty was raped by a man who rode off without even leaving a "Dear Sleeping Beauty" note. She didn't wake up until nine months later, when she realized she was the mother of two children. The Blonde Thief was first a shriveled old woman who was nailed to the spire of St. Paul's Cathedral by three angry iron spears. In Scotland, Cinderella's stepmother chipped off the toes and heels of her own daughters so she could get them to wear the slipper. As for Snow White, all we can say at this point is that the story would have been much more complicated than just that queen wanting her heart. By this point, chances are you're asking: how can adults tell such a story to children? Folklorists explain that classical myths were passed down from oral stories, and that adults told children and other adults the stories they had come up with. In pre-Victorian Europe, children were not treated as "children" but as young adults, not too far removed from their own teenage wedding nights. Because of overcrowded housing, children grew up seeing a lot of drunkenness, loafers, and fighting, not to mention seeing their mothers with blood on their hands, gutting and skinning animals in the kitchen to make a meal out of them. Two men - few in America remember them now - took credit for collecting and organizing folklore for later generations of fairy tales. No, not the Brothers Grimm's collection of fairy tales. There was an Italian man named Chompadis? Tabasil, who wrote a book called just that, Lo cunto de li cunte (Collection of Stories), a collection of 50 stories in the dialect of the area around Sicily, which was published in 1636 (for some strange reason, most English-speaking scholars, refer to this book as The Five Days of Tales, or half of the Decameron).
Another man made an even greater contribution. The Frenchman Charles? Perrault's more elaborate book, published in 1697, contained only eight short stories. Amazingly, seven of them became classic stories: "Cinderella," "Little Red Riding Hood," "Bluebeard," "Kitten in Boots ", "Sleeping Beauty", "Diamonds and Frogs" (The Frog Prince) and "Thumbs Up". So, kids, let's turn off the nightlight, Daddy's about to tell you some scary stories.
One: Sleeping Beauty
When she was born, that prophecy was terrifying - she would die from a small piece of poisonous flax. Despite her father's best efforts to not allow flax to be stored in the house, etc., the pretty little girl named Talia ended up hitting a small piece of flax on her fingernail, and tragically collapsed and died. Her father was so grieved that the rich man put her body on a throne made of velvet, with a canopy made of ribbons, and then locked the door of his cabin in the woods, and never returned. One day a king was hunting in the forest when his beloved falcon flew away. The king was sure that the falcon had flown into an unoccupied house, so he went into the window, where he found Talia. He thought that she was merely dozing in her chair, but, no matter how loud he called out, the girl did not answer. "At this point, being struck by her beauty," so says Basil, "he carried her to a bed and reaped the fruits of love." Then he left her in her bed, and returned to his own kingdom, forgetting the deed for a long time, and nine months later Talia gave birth to twins, a boy and a girl, both of whom soon pounced upon her to suckle. One afternoon, unable to find a nipple, one of the children began to suck on her finger. Because he sucked so rapidly, he sucked the poisonous stuff out of it all at once. The teenage girl woke up and realized that she had been left alone in a large house with two small children wailing beside her. Luckily for her, the fairy tale had left her with a table piled high with delicious meals around her.
In the meantime, the king suddenly remembered his pleasant "encounter" with the sleeping beauty and prepared to go hunting in the area again. He found the woman and two children, and gladly told her who he was and what had happened. "A very strong friendship and affectionate inertia immediately developed between them, and he spent several days with her. This time, when he left her, he promised to send for her and the two children. When he returned to the palace, the king teared up and tossed and turned, and night after night he chanted Talia's name, and that of her two children, one named Sun and the other Moon. The king's wife, the queen, was the one person the king never confided in Talia, and he didn't bother to mention her specifically. However, the Queen became suspicious. She bribed the king's men to tell the truth about what happened and who Talia was. Then she sent a messenger to say that the king had invited Talia to the palace. Talia came to the palace with great joy, holding her two twin children in her arms. When they arrived at the palace, the queen ordered the cook to cut the two children into portions and make several delicious dishes for the king, who loved to court women. As they ate, the king praised the flavorful meal, while the queen said several times, "My, my, you are eating yourself." Tired of her words, the king growled, "Of course I'm eating my own. You didn't bring any dowry with you when you married!"
The queen was not quite satisfied with her first little trick, so she ordered Talia to be brought to her. The queen cried out to the girl, "You're the little sow that gives me headaches all day long."
Talia cried out, "It's not my fault. It was your husband who raped me while I was poisoned ah ("conquered my zone")."
The queen ordered, "Light the bonfire and throw her in." The desperate girl fell to her knees before the fierce-looking queen and begged to at least be allowed to remove her clothes first. The queen was a little surprised, but, because she was greedy and wanted the treasures embedded in the top of her dress, she agreed. "Remove your clothes and I will be pleased." Talia shouted with each piece of clothing she took off. She took off the tunic she was wearing, then the petticoat inside, and finally all of her undergarments as well. As she removed the last piece of clothing from her body, she shouted at the top of her lungs. The queen's men began to drag the girl toward the fire. While this was going on, the king came and ordered his men to tell him what was going on here, and asked him where all his bastards had gone. The queen told him that he himself had eaten the child. The king howled. He ordered the queen and the servant who had betrayed him to be thrown into the fire. After they were burned to a crisp, he ordered his men to burn the cook as well. However, the cook unexpectedly revealed in a horrified voice that he had not killed the two children, but had roasted two lambs. At that moment, the cook's wife came with the two children. The king was overjoyed and hugged and kissed the two children. He rewarded the cook with a large sum of gold and silver, and then married Talia. They lived happily ever after. Basil ended the story with this motto: "A lucky man can dream of a wife." .
The Cinderella Story
The earliest recorded story of Cinderella in Europe is the story of the Italian Jombadista. Basil told it in the Collected Stories (I636). According to that story, what Cinderella left behind was no slipper. The little girl's name was Zizona, and her full name was Lucrezacia. She quickly made it obvious that she had homicidal tendencies. Together with her nanny, she set out to get her wicked stepmother killed. She found a way to lure her stepmother to an old chest and then let the heavy lid fall down and crush her neck. Before the days of mourning were over, she managed to convince her father to marry Nanny, but Zizona soon ended her own happy life when Nanny brought six daughters of her own. She had to clean the grate day after day, earning her the nickname "Coal Ash Cat".
The cat finally gets a magical date palm tree, from which a fairy jumps out and says he can grant her a wish. The magic words she had to recite were not "Bipu Pedi Bo Pedi Bo", but something like this, "Ah, my golden date palm, now will you please undress yourself so that I can put on my clothes?"
Cinderella now wore extremely luxurious clothes, and consequently attended many royal parties. The king fell in love with her at once, and he sent a famous servant to look for her, but he could not find her. The king, who was burned by love, was extremely angry and shouted at the servant, not at all like the way it was depicted in Disney: "I swear in the name of my ancestors that if you don't find the girl, I'm going to beat your ass so hard with a stick that I'm going to whip you as many times as you have a beard!" This servant stays by Cinderella's side all night the next time there is a ball in order to save his ass, and then practically climbs into her car. Cinderella ordered the coachman to whip the horse hard. The carriage shakes and the king's servant falls off, but so does an object the girl was carrying. The servant brought the object back to the king, who picked it up and kissed it furiously. What was the thing? Was it a very fine silk slipper? Was it a gold shoe? A glass shoe? No, it was a kind of stilt-like lining made of cork, which the Neapolitan women of the Renaissance used to put on the outside of their shoes. These stiletto-like things were designed to protect the shoes that women wore to lavish balls so that the good ones wouldn't get dirty on the way across the street, and to add height so that dresses and other clothing wouldn't drag on the floor and get dirty. To us, this thing looks like one of those 6- to 18-inch high-heeled wooden shoes someone used to wear during disco fever, adorned with lots of decorations. (The only thing missing was the goldfish.) Imagine the king holding and caressing this massive shoehorn while chanting cheesy words of adoration "O, I embrace thee, I hold thee; and if I cannot have the trunk of a tree, it is a blessing to adore thy roots. If I cannot touch the dragon's pattern on the wreath, it is well to kiss the seat of its column. Thou didst fill a tender foot before, but now thou fillest a broken heart. Because of you, the one who occupies my heart, she is one and a half hand's breadth higher, and when I protect you, when I have you, my life will be in lasting sweetness. The word "a hand's breadth" in Italian is polma, which is about nine inches, so that Cinderella's height when she put on the thing was about thirteen and a half inches more than her actual height. At this point, she was also trying to get out of that place quickly. The king threw a big party for all the women of his kingdom and tried on the shoes one by one until he finally found the "sooty cat". While Basil's story emphasizes the romantic side and the shoe fetish, most of the Nordic versions emphasize a bloody morality tale about jealousy in the final climax. Let's take a look at the third scene of that Nordic version that is very close to the Scottish and Swedish versions.
The prince lays down a line of asphalt outside the ballroom, and one of Cinderella's shoes just happens to stick. He begins searching throughout the kingdom, trying the shoe on every woman's foot until he finally finds the family. Because she had to try on the shoe, one of her stepmother's daughters, the older sister, crept into the bedroom. But no matter how hard she tried, in the end she couldn't put on the shoes. Her mother found a knife and said, "Cut off your toes, and if you become a queen, you won't have to walk on the ground anymore." The girl did as she was told and eventually squeezed her foot in too. The happy prince carried her on his horse's back, and the couple rode away far and wide, ready to be married. But as they passed the grave of Cinderella's real mother, suddenly two birds sang:
"Look back, look back,
Blood is dripping from the shoe,
The shoe is sized up,
The bride behind you is not the one you're looking for."
He looked back and really saw the shoe Yu was dripping blood. So the prince went back to that family's house and asked his stepmother to bring in another sister to try it on. The stepmother again came up with a similar idea. This time, the girl chipped off her heel and, holding her tongue, finally rode with the prince again. The bird sings the same "look back" song. "The prince looked back, and indeed there was blood running down from her shoe, and her sock was stained red." He goes back, and eventually finds dear Cinderella, whom he marries, and his two sisters are blinded by jealousy. What version is this? This is a word-for-word translation of the Grimm's Fairy Tales from the original German fairy tales. Translators after the Victorian era cut out the bloodshed part and instead just had those two girls squeezing their feet in death. In fact, editors of fairy tales have always been casual about making changes, and they did it all for the sake of the children. Of the total ****156 fairy tales collected by the Brothers Grimm from German peasants and published for the first time in 1812, most have been purified by people. Cinderella is, of course, the most famous fairy tale of all time, and over the course of more than 2,500 years, it has had some 700 different versions. The earliest one dates back to the ancient Egyptians. In the Egyptian version, a beautiful prostitute was bathing in a river when an eagle took one of her wooden shoes and flew it to a pharaoh. The pharaoh went on a nationwide quest to find the owner of the shoe. Of course, when he found "Rhodopis", he married her.
Three: The Tale of the Blonde Thief
In the earliest version of this tale, the unorthodox heroine was long past her menopause when she crashed into the bear's place. The blonde thief was first a whiny, homeless crone, and after nearly 100 years, she then became a thief with a beautiful head of hair. (And because of that, those three bears started out as three ****ing enjoyment room bachelors, too.) Robert? Sarre was Britain's poet laureate, and in 1837 he published his own version, complete with what became a classic sob story, so as to give parents something to do: "'Someone's just squatted inside my porridge, the giant bear exclaimed in a raspy, coarse voice.'"
According to Sarai's version, the crone crashed in, tasted the porridge, sat in that chair, and fell asleep on one of the beds. When she was caught, she had to jump out a window to escape. "...... Whether she broke her neck, whether she ran off into the forest and got lost, whether she was caught by the police and sent to the reformatory, where she was locked up as a wandering old woman, we don't really know. But the three bears, on the contrary, have not seen her since."
The English could cheer loudly because the crone, who had a penchant for thievery, had been caught, and thus morality had triumphed. For more than a century, scholars believed that this was the earliest version of the story. But in 1951, the Toronto Public **** Library discovered another home-printed version, a small, rolled-up edition printed in 1831. A 32-year-old woman named Irena Maclean. Maclean, a 32-year-old woman who had never married in her life, made up this story for her nephew Horace Brock. Braddock. Merry's story is quite peculiar. It begins with "the angry woman" crashing into the bears' home because they had snubbed her at their last social event. Then, at the end, when the 3 males grabbed the old hub, they had a long debate about what to do with her. At last they concluded:
Throw her on the fire and she cannot be burned,
Throw her into the water and she cannot be drowned,
Seize her up in front of all the people, and then jam her against the steeple of St. Paul's Church;
If you are desperately anxious to see if she is still stuck there,
you go and see it quite plainly! --My dear little Habke!
("Habke" was her nephew's gag, or just about the only word she could think of that rhymed at the time.)
None of the other versions nailed the future blonde thief to the church steeple. More than a decade after Sarre's very famous version was published, one editor turned the crone into a silver-haired lady because, he said, there were already too many ugly old ladies in the fairy-tale market. The silver-haired lady was turned back into the blonde thief in 1918. The editors thought it was more important to scare the little girls (rather than the old ladies) by telling them not to go into strangers' rooms. And so, fairy tales dedicated to scaring little girls were born ......
Four, the story of Little Red Riding Hood
The earliest version of Little Red Riding Hood is a 1697 French version of the original tale, which had a lot of sexual angst in it. The story was told by the storyteller Charles? It is a very grim, sexually arousing and cautionary tale about a naive virgin who is seduced by some wolves. Penolte ends the story by making his own point clear: "It has often been seen that some little children-especially some girls with beautifully-born faces and good figures-are always careless, and they believe whatever anyone says." He added: "The most dangerous wolves are the kind of wolves that are well-mannered, gentle and romantic and lovely-looking ...... These wolves like to receive ladies at home and also to greet little girls in the street."
In the original version, Penulte's story begins so brilliantly that one might think that his tale whets the appetite for how beautiful the little girl is, especially her "little red hat." People heard of her beauty and came from far and wide to see her. She met the wolf in the forest, and he lured her into telling him where she was going. The cunning one, after getting her words, ran straight to the place, dressed himself as "Little Red Riding Hood", and coaxed the old woman to open the door. Then he ate the old woman and climbed into her bed, waiting for his next meal.
Little Red Riding Hood arrived, with some pastries and a small jar of butter in his hand.
"Open up, open up."
"Who is it? "
Little Red Riding Hood heard the coarse voice of the wolf, and was frightened at first, but she believed that her grandmother had perhaps caught a cold, and therefore answered, "It is your little granddaughter, Little Tubby Hat. I have brought you some cakes and butter, which my mother asked me to bring." Wolf softened his voice as much as he could, and told her, "Dial the bolt, and the door will open by itself." Little Red Riding Hood rattled the bolt, and the door did open by itself. When the wolf saw her come in, he hid himself under the covers, and said: "Put the cakes and butter on the little chest, and come into my bed."
"Little Red Riding Hood undressed and went to bed, and was very much astonished to see her grandmother looking strangely undressed. She said to her: 'Grandmother, what thick arms you have!'"
"'Wouldn't that make it easier to carry you, my girl.'"
"'O Grandma, what thick legs you have too? '"
" "
"'Wouldn't it be faster to run then? '"
"'O grandma, your ears are really big?
"'O child, wouldn't it sound clearer that way?'"
"'O Grandma, your teeth are so wide! '"
""
"'Wouldn't that make it easier to eat you? '"
Said so, and the vicious wolf pounced on Little Red Riding Hood and ate her up.
The end. This is where the story ends. The earliest written version ended this way, with the grandmother and Little Red Riding Hood all eaten up, and the vicious wolf running away without any punishment. That was the end of it. There's no hunter with scissors in his hand, no other rescuer of any kind to give her a second chance, no chance to apply that moral witticism. Indeed, in Penault's version, one also senses a sneaky humor. In the middle of the famous dialogue - considered by many to be the best of all fairy tales - lies a wicked pun, especially in the original French. In French, the line goes like this: "Que vous avez de grandes jambs!/C "est pour mieux courir." The word "jambe," which denotes a thigh, is used in Rabelais's work and elsewhere. The word "jambe," which denotes thigh, is used in Rabelais's work and elsewhere to denote the penis (a.k.a. "the middle leg"), according to the Dictionnaire de l'amour, the historical French dictionary of sexual slang. And "courir", the word for running, means "to fuck". Hundreds of years later, adults can still be heard snickering in corners.
Five: The Snow White story
Only once did Disney recover a gory detail from the Snow White fairy tale, which was mostly translated in the United States. Disney had that jealous queen demand to eat Snow White's heart.
In the original Grimm's Fairy Tales, the situation was much worse than that. That queen -- who was no longer the most beautiful woman in the area -- ordered the hunters to go get Snow White's heart and tongue for her. When the queen got both organs, she ate them all. (Unbeknownst to the woman, of course, she was actually gnawing on the bear's flesh.) Finally, when Snow White is resurrected and married to the prince, this wicked queen attends the wedding. She was very surprised to see a pair of flaming iron shoes coming out of the furnace. This wicked queen was forced to wear these flaming iron shoes and dance until she died.
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