Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses, and the one that triggered this outbreak is the new coronavirus (COVID-19). This virus is small but incredibly contagious. Droplets produced by virus carriers through sneezing and coughing can lead to the virus? splash? to other people's mucous membranes (e.g., the surface tissue inside the nasal cavity and eyes) or broken skin, and enter the human body, which may cause a series of illnesses, such as fever, malaise, and dry cough. In the early stages of the disease, the patient's chest CT may show multiple plaques, and in severe cases, the patient may even have a white lung. White lungs. Therefore, this kind of viral infection is also called neococcal pneumonia. Elderly people have weakened immune function and are often associated with chronic underlying diseases, which makes them at high risk of contracting C.N.C.P.. The condition of the elderly is often more severe after infection, and the majority of deaths are among the elderly and those with underlying diseases. Preventing new coronavirus infection is the most important and urgent health task for the elderly nowadays. In the face of such a strong virus, the elderly how to prevent and defend it?
A defense against flying?
The air is not a good place to eat, but it is a good place to drink.
Air droplet transmission is the main mode of transmission of the new coronary virus, daily face-to-face talk, sneezing, coughing can cause droplet transmission. Novel coronaviruses survive in the air for a short time and can form airborne particles that spread after being dispersed over long distances.
Wearing a mask properly is an effective way to reduce droplet transmission. Masks first choose medical surgical masks, if you can not buy, ordinary medical masks can also be. Multi-layer non-woven masks, gauze masks, facial masks, although not as good as the above kind of mask protection, but wearing a mask will be able to block part of the droplets. In addition to wearing a mask to prevent being infected by others, you should pay attention to not spitting, sneezing with a napkin to cover, is also a reliable way to reduce the spread of droplets. Some sick elderly people have reduced sputum expectoration ability, sometimes need to assist sputum expectoration, strict adherence to the operation procedures of assisted sputum expectoration, can reduce the occurrence of infection.
In addition, recent tests have found that new coronaviruses can be isolated from patients' feces, so fecal-oral transmission cannot be ruled out. After using the toilet, pay attention to cover the toilet lid first, and then flush, to prevent the formation of toilet flush? The water vapor mist formed when flushing the toilet is prevented. sowing the virus into the air and causing infection. When there is no need to drain, the floor drain is best plugged, you can use a clean plastic bag, filled with water, covered in the floor drain cover, to play a sealing effect.
Two prevent contact infection
The new coronavirus can be transmitted through skin, conjunctiva and other contact.
To reduce the spread of contact, the first step is to avoid going to places where people gather. During this time, the suspension of square dancing, reduce the number of visits to supermarkets, food courts, do not go to the board room, do not participate in the gathering party, are effective ways to reduce the chance of infection.
Do a good job of indoor cleaning, keep the environment clean and tidy, reduce indoor environmental pollution, and clean up garbage and dirt in a timely manner. Keep the environment ventilated, and be careful to avoid excessive changes in indoor temperature caused by ventilation. For items that are frequently touched, disinfecting them with alcohol can effectively inactivate the virus.
Some elderly people have a reduced ability to take care of themselves and need to be accompanied, making it difficult to achieve absolute self-isolation, so the protection of accompanying personnel is also very important.
Three prevention of disease from the hands
Our hands will touch many things consciously and unconsciously every day. Good hand hygiene is not only needed to protect against new crown pneumonia, but is also an important way to stay healthy in general.
Minimize contact with public **** items in public **** places. Try to use hand sanitizer after touching items such as doorknobs, curtains, and doctors' white coats in hospitals. If you can't disinfect your hands in time, then don't touch your mouth, eyes, or nose with your hands. And, of course, try to minimize your stay in public **** places like hospitals unless you have to.
Returning from a public **** place, after coughing and covering your hands, and after meals and bowel movements, rinse with running water, then wash your hands in running water with hand sanitizer or soap, or use a no-rinse hand sanitizer that contains alcohol. The length of hand washing time to ensure that the hand sanitizer or soap to stay more than 15 seconds, the back of the hand, finger cracks, nails and other easily overlooked places to wash to. Non-disposable hand towels should be washed and dried frequently.
Four guard the food basket
The natural host of the new coronavirus is still not clear, and there is evidence to suggest that the Chinese chrysanthemum-headed bat may be its natural host, and other wildlife may also be involved in the spread. Therefore, the elderly should remind the younger members of their families that together they should not consume wild animals; wash their hands after contact with livestock; not come into direct contact with sick animals or birds; always go to supermarkets or stores and buy quarantined livestock and poultry meat; and not consume raw or undercooked livestock and poultry meat.
Elderly people are often assisted by their escorts in their daily lives, so precautions should be taken by their escorts.
The occurrence of disease has a lot to do with the body's resistance. Elderly people, especially those who are malnourished for various reasons, are more susceptible to disease and viral attacks. Elderly people should have a balanced daily intake of carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals, etc. A reasonable amount of high-protein foods, including fish, meat, eggs, milk, beans and nuts, is crucial for improving body resistance. Eat small meals, eat foods that are easy to digest or help digestion, and drink water regularly. For older people who have difficulty eating, follow the advice of a dietitian to eat nasogastrically and, if necessary, perform parenteral nutritional support therapy.
Five keep the spirit
The new crown pneumonia virus infection, the elderly in two extreme phenomena, one is too fearful and worried, do not dare to take a step out of the door, there are one or two coughs, all suspect that they are not infected; the other is to take it lightly, feel that the virus is nothing to be afraid of, their own body is good, it is unlikely to be? The other is to take it lightly.
These two attitudes are not scientific. Elderly people should take the initiative to learn more health knowledge, understand how to scientifically prevent, rational treatment, neither gullible, nor panic.
Elderly people should ensure good sleep and pay attention to keep warm. Choose a reasonable way to exercise, maintain a healthy lifestyle and improve resistance. You can walk at home, on the balcony, or do some exercises in the living room, such as tai chi, radio gymnastics, aerobics and so on.
Take the initiative to do a good job of personal health monitoring, and take the initiative to measure your temperature when you suspect a fever. Older people who are bedridden for a long time and have limited limb movement should carry out limb rehabilitation training and turn over regularly to prevent deep vein thrombosis and decubitus ulcers.
Some elderly people have a reduced range of activities, coupled with sensory, motor, cognitive and other physiological changes in the impact of the psychological characteristics of the change, manifested in a reduced sense of security, adaptability, easy to lose sense of inferiority, a sense of emptiness, and so on. At this time, we should take the initiative to seek the care and help of the family, and more communication with friends, debugging their own psychology.