Maintain good cognitive function
The survey found that the prevalence rate of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly over 60 years old in China is about 40%. Cognitive function determines the social function and quality of life of the elderly, and it is one of the most important health standards in old age. The normal cognitive functions of the elderly are: normal sensory perception and orientation (that is, the ability to identify time, place, people and their own state); Memory is normal, except for benign amnesia (it is difficult to recall some details of the event accurately), and there is no obvious memory damage; Clear thinking logic, decisive work, accurate judgment and decision-making ability; Have general living ability and social common sense, and can update and maintain a peaceful mind in time.
Keep a peaceful mind.
When people reach old age, various physiological functions decline seriously and physical diseases increase. At this time, it is particularly important to maintain a peaceful attitude. However, some elderly people refuse to accept their old age. Compared with their youth, they barely do what they can't do, and they have a strong sense of frustration after failing to reach the expected goal. Some elderly people have low self-evaluation, and feel that they can't do anything well and their mentality is unbalanced. Therefore, the mentally healthy elderly should always maintain a good, positive, optimistic and cheerful attitude, do not compare with others, do not feel inferior, let nature take its course.
be in cheerful mood
According to statistics, the most serious mental illness of the elderly is depression. There are many reasons, including physical illness, psychological gap after retirement, loneliness, economic difficulties and so on. Old people should keep a happy mood, go out of the house, relax more and chat more with people; Moderately express and release unpleasant emotions; Rebuild a wider range of hobbies and make life rich and fulfilling.
Harmonious interpersonal relationship
The concrete manifestations are: willing to communicate with people, having intimate friends, having a harmonious relationship with family members, and getting everyone's understanding and respect; Take the advantages of others in communication to make up for their own shortcomings and be lenient with others; I am willing to help others and accept their help.
Good adaptability
Many old people can't adapt to the life after retirement and always feel empty and bored. In fact, after retirement, the elderly have enough time to build a new life, such as the elderly activity center, the elderly cultural activity station, the elderly university, etc., which provides a platform for the elderly to contact with the external environment. In addition, TV broadcasting and the Internet also provide opportunities for the elderly to update their knowledge. Therefore, the elderly should persist in learning to adapt to the development of society and the new way of life.
Maintain a sound personality
Including a positive attitude towards life; Correctly evaluate yourself and external things, be able to listen to others' opinions, not be opinionated, be able to control your own behavior, and not be blind in doing things; Can withstand the changes and pressures of external things, especially when you are sad, and can find ways to vent; When encountering difficulties, you can calmly overcome them with your own will and experience, instead of complaining blindly; Maintain the harmony and unity of various psychological characteristics such as ability, interest, personality and temperament.
Have certain learning ability.
In modern society, in order to adapt to the new way of life, we must keep learning. For example, if you don't learn computer, you won't feel the fun of surfing the Internet. If you don't learn new health concepts, you will still stay at the level of eating and wearing warm clothes. Learning can exercise the memory and thinking ability of the elderly and help prevent brain dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease.
Full sense of security
A sense of security requires multi-level environmental conditions, such as social environment, natural environment, work environment and family environment. Among them, the family environment has the most important influence on the sense of security. Home is a harbor to avoid the wind and waves, and you will feel safe with home.
Second, what is the mental state of the elderly?
Correctly evaluate self-health;
The self-health evaluation of the elderly is generally poor. Because of the negative evaluation of the old people's health, they are too worried about the disease and feel that they are old and useless, which is very unfavorable to their mental health. Therefore, in the practical guidance and health education of physical and mental health of the elderly, we should seek truth from facts, correctly evaluate our own health status and maintain a positive and optimistic health attitude.
Correct understanding of divorce and retirement;
It is a natural, normal and inevitable process for the elderly to retire from their original professional functions as they grow older. Only by fully understanding the laws of metabolism and the alternation of old and new can we calmly face the life changes of divorce and retirement.
Fully realize the necessity of learning from old age;
"Diligent use of the brain can prevent mental decline." Therefore, according to their specific conditions and interests, the elderly study and participate in some cultural activities, such as reading, writing, painting, calligraphy, music, dancing, gardening, chess and so on. This can not only broaden their horizons, edify their sentiment, enrich their spiritual life and reduce their feelings of loneliness, emptiness and depression, but also be a means to keep fit. Some people call it "cultural health care".
Arrange family life and deal with the problem of "generation gap";
Family is the main place for the elderly to live in their later years. The elderly need family harmony, understanding, support and care from their families. Under the influence of China's traditional culture, the elderly generally play a leading role in the family, maintaining the atmosphere of family life such as parent-child, mother-in-law, and Weng Xu. However, due to different viewpoints and handling methods, the so-called "generation gap" sometimes appears in the thoughts, feelings and living habits of the elderly and their children. As children, we should be filial to our parents and support and respect the elderly; As an old man, we should not be stubborn, arbitrary and arrogant, but should understand our children and convince others. Discuss with your wife and children when you are in trouble, and don't ask for trouble and sadness.
Cultivate good living habits:
Good living habits are very important for the mental health of the elderly. Such as life, diet, quitting smoking and drinking. The ancients said that "eating moderately, living regularly, getting something for nothing" is very reasonable. Properly modify the appearance and improve the image; Appropriately expand social contacts, make more intimate friends, get in touch with the beautiful scenery of nature, or enjoy beautiful music and art; Do a good job in indoor hygiene, do some decoration and layout indoors, and enjoy some flowers, grass, handicrafts or calligraphy and painting. And use the right to live in an elegant and quiet environment and feel comfortable, which will help overcome negative psychology and cheer up the spirit. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate the elderly to develop good living habits, make scientific arrangements and provide for the elderly with peace of mind.