Nowadays, many fish ponds are old ponds, which need to be transformed into healthy farming. There are three ways to clean the pond:
1, killing wild fish and aquatic insects harmful to fry;
2. Eliminate weeds and kill bacterial pathogens and parasites in pond water and sediments;
3. Strengthen the pond foundation. Disinfect with quicklime or bleaching powder after dredging. Generally speaking, ponds are washed with water. Water depth 1m, soluble quicklime 150 kg or bleaching powder 5 kg per mu, spread evenly throughout the pond. The dosing time should be chosen when the temperature is high at noon on sunny days, which can improve the disinfection effect of pond cleaning. Pay attention to the selection of high-quality lightweight block quicklime, with less dosage and good pool cleaning effect.
? First, choose seedlings to put seedlings?
1. Pay attention to the choice of fry. Don't use malachite green, chloramphenicol and other drugs with large residues that are not suitable for healthy breeding in the process of hatching fish eggs and fry cultivation. When buying fry, you should choose those fry farms with good reputation and technical clearance. Healthy fry is an important material basis for feeding edible fish. Specific identification indicators are as follows: (1) large and tidy, small head and thick back, bright body color, moist muscles and no parasites; (2) Lively in action, swimming in groups, quickly diving into the bottom in groups when frightened, with strong ability to grab food; Like to move underwater in the container and swim against the current; (3) Don't choose sharp-billed pomfret (pomfret larvae with sharp heads), and don't choose fat pomfret. Generally, long fry is better; Be careful when choosing 3-inch fry. If your stomach is a little swollen, cut it open to see if there are any parasites. ?
2. Disinfect the pond water before releasing the fry, generally 1.2? - 1.5? Rice soup, and then wash the pond with tea seeds for disinfection. Its dosage is 25kg/μm, and in a fish pond with water depth of 1.5- 1.8m, about 1000 fish can be raised per mu, and about 1200 fish can be raised with a 3-inch fry. This is because the 3-inch-long fry is weak and easy to die, so it should be released more. Feeding forage and compound feed, fry can grow to 1.5 a year? -2? Kim. ?
Second, fish species cultivation?
In the Pearl River Delta region, it is generally better to raise three kinds of fish every year. 65438+ 10 The first crop is stocked from early October to March and April, the second crop is stocked from April to July and August, and the third crop is stocked from August to the end of the year. Generally, it is stocked according to the law of 80: 20, and the main fish culture accounts for 80%.
Third, feeding medicine?
1. Feed should be a compound feed that meets the production standards of green food. Feed additives contained in feed shall not be harmful to human body after fish eat them, and shall not contain hormones, olaquindox, salmonella, etc. Green fodder planting, allowing the use of pig, cattle, sheep, chickens, ducks and other livestock manure, urea, diammonium phosphate, are not allowed to use other fertilizers, the last fertilization in 30 days before the capture. It is an important measure to feed a large number of compound feeds with good quality (low feed coefficient and no deterioration) for high and stable fish production.
The scientific feeding method is to use a feeding machine, which can feed evenly and has a large feeding area, which is easy to attract fish to grab food on the water surface, improve feed utilization rate and reduce feed coefficient. ?
2, the prevention and treatment of fish diseases, the use of fishery drugs must be produced by regular manufacturers, production license, approval number, production implementation standards. When using drugs, we should suit the right medicine, use drugs accurately and operate in strict accordance with the product instructions.
? Four. Aquaculture management
1, daily patrol technicians or managers insist on patrolling the pond every morning and evening to observe the water quality, judge the floating head and start-up of the fish according to the weather, water quality and fish activities, and take measures to prevent the fish from floating head for a long time at night.
2. Remove dirt. Remove grass residue, grass residue, dead fish and other garbage from the pool every morning to avoid polluting the water quality and breeding bacteria. ?
3. Feed feed scientifically according to the four principles of "quality, quantity, timing and positioning" to prevent feed loss from directly causing water pollution.
4. Start the machine at noon. By using the stirring aeration function of the impeller aerator, the machine is started at noon on a hot sunny day with no wind or light wind, so that the water can convect up and down, so as to eliminate the dissolved oxygen and temperature difference between the upper and lower water layers, make the harmful gas at the bottom escape and eliminate the oxygen debt. If the aeration power and the power specification of the aerator are suitable, start the machine for 30-40? The water can be completely mixed in minutes, otherwise the start-up time needs to be increased to achieve the goal.
5. Change the water regularly. Change water in time according to the change of water quality. When the water temperature is lower than 25℃, add water 1-2 times a month, and 10-20 to change the water? cm； When the water temperature is higher than 25℃, water is added four times a month, and the water exchange rate is 5- 10 cm. If necessary, change a lot of water. When changing water, corresponding measures should be taken according to the cleanliness of the water source, such as setting the water outlet with 14-20? Mesh yarn is sewn into 80- 150? If the water source of cm filter bag is in the high tide reach, the water adding time should be flexibly controlled to avoid the pollution peak period.
6, regular disinfection If the water temperature is 18-25℃, disinfect once a month; Disinfect once every 20 days when the water temperature is 25-28℃ and once every 15 days when the water temperature is above 28℃. The actual operation depends on the specific situation. Disinfectants are quicklime, bleaching powder and chlorine dioxide, which are used alternately. The dosage of quicklime is 10- 15? Kg/μm, bleaching powder dosage 0.6? 7- 1? Kg/μm, the specific dosage depends on the water quality and water temperature (more water and fertilizer are used, less water is used; Low temperature multi-purpose, high temperature less use), the whole pool evenly splashing water. Chlorine dioxide is prepared according to the instructions before application, and the dosage is generally 1- 1.5? Time, the treatment dose is not more than 2 times. Disinfection is generally carried out after adding water or releasing fish to kill insects. After releasing fish, scraping fish and killing insects, it must be disinfected in time, and chlorine dioxide disinfection effect is better.
7. Pond cleaning: lift the mud out with a mud pump every winter, and clean the pond with quicklime. ?