Overview of back pain
80% people will have back pain. Although back pain may be a precursor of spinal diseases, it can also be caused by diseases and tumors of the urogenital system, digestive tract and cardiovascular system. Pain may be acute, chronic, persistent and intermittent, and may be confined to the back or radiate along the spine or legs. Pain can be aggravated by bending over, bending over, lifting things, etc., and relieved after rest or not affected by activities and physical rest.
Etiology of back pain
Endogenous back pain may be caused by muscle spasm, nerve root stimulation, fracture or a combination of many factors. Back pain often occurs in the waist or lumbosacral region, sometimes starting from the abdomen or waist, which is a signal of life-threatening ulcer perforation, acute pancreatitis or rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm.
(1) abdominal aortic aneurysm
Life-threatening abdominal aortic aneurysm first presents as pain in the lower back or dull pain in the abdomen, but usually presents as persistent pain in the upper abdomen, where a pulsating mass can be felt. After rupture, the pulse disappears, and abdominal aortic aneurysm can also cause subcutaneous ecchymosis of waist, disappearance of femoral artery and dorsal foot artery, lower blood pressure of lower limbs than that of upper limbs, abdominal muscle tension and mild to moderate carbuncle. If the blood loss is serious, signs such as wet, cold and blue skin may appear.
(2) Ankylosing spondylitis
Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic progressive disease, which can cause sacroiliac joint pain and radiate along the spine. The pain intensifies when the pelvis is squeezed. Pain often worsens in the morning or at the end of a period of exercise, and cannot be relieved after rest. It also shows that the lumbar spine cannot bend forward. The disease can cause local tenderness, fatigue, fever, anorexia, weight loss and occasionally iriditis.
(3) appendicitis
Appendicitis is a life-threatening disease. The pain of this disease is dull pain in the upper abdomen or dull pain transferred to the right lower abdomen. Inflammation of the posterior tail of cecum can radiate pain to the back. Before the pain transfer, there were anorexia, nausea with fever, occasional vomiting and abdominal tenderness, especially Maxwell's point and rebound pain. Some patients have urgent urination.
(4) cholecystitis
Cholecystitis can cause severe epigastric pain. It can radiate to the right shoulder, chest or back. The pain may suddenly appear or worsen after a few hours. Many patients have a history of pain after eating high-fat meals. Symptoms and signs associated with pain include anorexia, fever, nausea, vomiting, upper abdominal tenderness, abdominal muscle tension, pallor and sweating.
(5) Chordoma
Chordoma is a slowly progressive tumor that can cause persistent low back pain and sacrococcygeal pain. As the tumor continues to spread, constipation and incontinence may occur, accompanied by pain.
(6) Endometritis
Endometritis can cause sacral pain and severe colic in the lower abdomen. Pain is aggravated before and after menstruation and during defecation. Pain is often accompanied by constipation, abdominal tenderness, menstrual disorder and difficulty in sexual intercourse.
(7) Disc rupture
Disc rupture can cause slow or sudden low back pain, with or without lower limb pain, but rarely alone. Pain usually starts from the back and radiates to the buttocks and lower limbs. It is aggravated when walking, coughing and sneezing, and relieved after rest. Often accompanied by sensory abnormalities, usually numbness and tingling in the lower limbs and feet, paraspinal muscle spasm, and weakened reflex of the affected side. The disease also affects posture and gait. The patient's spine leans slightly to the painful side, walking slowly, and it is extremely difficult to stand from the sitting position.
(8) Lumbosacral sprain
Lumbosacral sprain causes local pain and tenderness, and lateral displacement is accompanied by muscle spasm. The typical posture of patients at rest is to bend their knees and hips to relieve pain, and the pain is aggravated when the spine is bent or active, and relieved at rest.
(9) Metastatic cancer
Metastatic cancer usually causes back pain in at least 25% of patients when it metastasizes to the spine. Typical pain occurs suddenly, accompanied by muscle spasmodic pain, which usually worsens at night. Can't be relieved after rest.
(X) Myeloma
Myeloma is a primary malignant tumor. Back pain caused by myeloma usually appears suddenly and gets worse after exercise. It may be accompanied by symptoms and signs of arthritis, such as pain, redness and tenderness. Others include fever, fatigue, abnormal peripheral nerve sensation and weight loss.
(1 1) acute pancreatitis
Pancreatitis is a life-threatening disease, which can cause persistent upper abdominal pain and may radiate to both sides of the back. To relieve the pain, the patient may bend forward, put his knees close to his chest or move uneasily. Early symptoms and signs include abdominal tenderness, nausea, vomiting, fever, pallor and tachycardia, and some patients have abdominal muscle rigidity, rebound pain and hyperactivity of bowel sounds. Jaundice is a sign of later appearance. Hemorrhagic pancreatitis can appear Turner sign (blue skin on abdominal wall or waist) or Karen sign (blue skin on umbilicus and waist).
(12) Ulcer perforation
Some patients with perforated gastric or duodenal ulcer may have sudden epigastric pain, which can radiate to the whole abdomen and back. The disease can be life-threatening, characterized by whole membrane muscle tension, tenderness and rebound pain, disappearance of bowel sounds and shallow breathing, accompanied by fever, tachycardia and hypotension.
(XIII) Prostate cancer
The only symptom of prostate cancer may be chronic back pain, which may also lead to hematuria and decreased urine output.
(14) acute pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis can cause progressive low back pain, accompanied by back pain, especially the tenderness of costal ridge angle. Other symptoms and signs include fever and chills, nausea and vomiting, tenderness in the waist and lower abdomen, frequent urination and urgency.
(15) Wright syndrome
Pain in sacroiliac region of some patients may be the earliest sign of Reite syndrome, which forms quadruple syndrome with conjunctivitis, urethritis and arthritis.
(XVI) kidney calculi
The frequency and intensity of kidney calculi stimulating urinary tract mucosa to accelerate peristalsis can lead to renal colic. Pain spreads to the waist, suprapubic region and external genitalia along the costal ridge angle, and stones running to the urethra will cause unbearable pain. Calculi in renal pelvis and calyx can cause dull pain in the back. Kidney calculi can also cause nausea, vomiting and urgency (if stones remain in the bladder), hematuria and urinary tract irritation caused by pain. After the stones reach the bladder, the pain is relieved or obviously relieved. Encourage patients to analyze the discharged stones.
(XVII) Rift Valley fever
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a viral infectious disease, which is very common in Africa, and has recently erupted in Saudi Arabia and Yemen. The disease is spread by touching infected animals or being bitten by infected mosquitoes. This disease has many clinical manifestations. Typical symptoms and signs include fever, myalgia, weakness, dizziness and backache. A few patients have encephalitis and hemorrhagic fever, which can lead to shock and bleeding. Inflammation of the retina can lead to permanent blindness in some patients.
(18) Lumbosacral strain
Lumbosacral strain leads to lumbosacral pain, which can radiate to the hip, medulla and thigh. It will be aggravated when the affected limb bears weight or resists leg resistance, accompanied by pain of pubic bone, limbs or hip extensor muscles.
(XIX) Smallpox
Smallpox was eradicated worldwide in 1977. The United States and Russia are the only storage places of this virus, which is a potential weapon in biological warfare. The initial symptoms and signs of this disease include fever, anorexia and collapse. Severe headache, backache and abdominal pain. Maculopapules can appear in oral mucosa, pharynx, face and forearm, and then spread to trunk and lower limbs. Within 2 days, the rash turned into a blister, and later turned into a pustule, and at the same time scars were formed, especially on the face and limbs. Pustules are round and firmly implanted into the skin. After 8 ~ 9 days, pustules scabbed and finally fell off the skin, leaving scars. The patient may die of encephalitis, massive hemorrhage and secondary infection.
(20) spinal cord tumor
Spinal cord tumor can cause typical severe local back pain and scoliosis.
(twenty-one) spinal stenosis
Similar to disc rupture, spinal stenosis can lead to back pain. With or without sciatica. Usually affects both lower limbs. Pain can radiate to the feet, and unless the patient rests, the pain will develop into numbness or weakness.
(22) Lumbar spondylolisthesis
The slippage of one vertebral body to the front of another vertebral body may not cause any symptoms, but may also cause waist pain with or without nerve root involvement. Symptoms of nerve root involvement include paresthesia, hip pain and pain radiating along the leg. The spinous process ladder disappeared by lumbar palpation. Spinal flexion is limited.
(23) Fracture of transverse process of spine
This kind of fracture will cause severe local pain, accompanied by muscle spasm and hematoma.
(twenty-four) vertebral compression fracture
Compression fractures of the spine may not be painful at first. After a few weeks, it may lead to back pain, which is aggravated by weight and local compression. Lumbar fracture leads to backache.
(25) Spinal osteomyelitis
At first, spinal osteomyelitis can lead to occult back pain. With the progress of the disease, the pain becomes persistent, especially at night, which is aggravated during spinal movement, accompanied by spinal and hamstring spasm, spinous tenderness, fever and cachexia.
(XXVI) Osteoporosis of spine
Spinal osteoporosis can cause chronic back pain, which is aggravated after exercise and relieved after rest. Spinal tenderness also exists.
(27) Other reasons
Nervous system examination
Lumbar puncture and myelography can also cause temporary back pain.
Prevent back pain
I. Prevention
1. After keeping the same sitting or standing posture for a long time, you should relax or stretch your waist.
2, moderately change the posture of the neck, it is best to rest for a few minutes every hour of work.
3. Obese people should lose weight properly and reduce the burden on the waist.
4, should not choose soft mattress, hard mattress is helpful to the waist. At the same time, try not to lie on your stomach, which is not good for your waist.
When carrying heavy objects, try to be close to yourself.
6. Try to be careful when bending or twisting your waist, or try to avoid bending or twisting your waist.
7. Long-term physical and mental fatigue is also the cause of low back pain, so the prevention method also includes relaxing yourself as much as possible after work.
Second, diet therapy.
appropriate
1, you should eat diuretic food.
2, should eat cold food.
3. Eat foods rich in vitamin C and selenium.
be jealous of
1, avoid eating hot and dry food.
2. Avoid eating salty food.
3, avoid eating nourishing food.
I carefully arranged the above for you, I hope you will like it.