First of all, we must adhere to standardized drug use. The most common cause of cognitive impairment is Alzheimer's disease. At present, the commonly used drugs to improve cognitive impairment include cholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil and NMDA receptor antagonists such as memantine. Such drugs generally need long-term regular administration, and it is not recommended to stop taking them easily. At present, most hospitals have launched online diagnosis and treatment and drug delivery services. For example, xuanwu hospital, Capital Medical University, has launched an online medical service called "Palm Xuanwu".
Secondly, we should pay attention to the management of mental and behavioral symptoms. Some patients with mental symptoms, in the case of mental behavior symptoms are not controlled, do not stop taking drugs easily, but consult a doctor. When elderly patients with cognitive impairment are complicated with hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, Parkinson's disease and other chronic diseases, they must take medicine on time. For the elderly with obvious memory loss, it is suggested that caregivers use the drug distribution box to supervise the drug use of the elderly, and if necessary, they can set up a drug reminder on their mobile phones to try to avoid the changes in their condition caused by missing drugs.
In addition, you can also carry out moderate cognitive training at home. Family cognitive training should strengthen the assistance of family members, or adopt internet-based cognitive training and effect monitoring. During the epidemic period, we can flexibly use training strategies and conduct individualized and step-by-step training under the guidance of doctors. Through the doctor's professional advice, distinguish the difficulty setting and training duration, and win the cooperation of patients.
In addition to the treatment of the disease itself, we should also pay attention to strengthening nutrition and exercise to enhance immunity. Many elderly patients with cognitive impairment don't know whether they are hungry or not. Nurses should ensure the nutritional supply of patients and keep warm moderately.
Scientific protection of the elderly with cognitive impairment
First of all, we need to know the epidemic information. Elderly patients with mild to moderate cognitive impairment can keep abreast of the latest epidemic information through radio, newspapers and the Internet. Elderly patients with moderate or severe cognitive impairment or unwilling to contact news reports need caregivers to tell the elderly about the seriousness of the epidemic and arouse their great attention to the current epidemic.
Secondly, we should strengthen the protection awareness of elderly patients with cognitive impairment. The elderly have many basic diseases and poor immunity. They are high-risk and susceptible people, and should be protected. Minimize going out, especially in public places or confined spaces. Elderly people with cognitive impairment should also avoid visiting, eating, watching or gathering. Older people with cognitive impairment must wear masks when they go out. In COVID-19, wearing a mask is the most effective way to reduce the spread of droplets. Medical surgical masks are the first choice. When wearing a mask, be sure to press the bridge of the nose, spread the mask up and down and completely cover the nose and mouth, so that the mask can maintain a good fit and airtightness with the face. In addition, Qin Ying washed his hands to reduce the spread of contact.
Finally, learn to evaluate the condition. If you have symptoms related to respiratory diseases, such as fever, fatigue, dry cough, stuffy nose, runny nose and dyspnea, it is recommended to go to the fever clinic of a designated hospital as soon as possible. Close contact with other personnel should be avoided. It is suggested that with the assistance of family members, the disease should be evaluated, monitored and sent to hospital, the disease should be described correctly, and at the same time, self-protection should be done, and medical staff should actively cooperate with the disease screening and isolation. It is not recommended to buy cold medicine, antibiotics or antipyretics by yourself, and do not seek medical treatment indiscriminately, let alone avoid seeking medical treatment.