Attention should be paid to the education of students' mental health in ideological and moral courses. Exploring the methods of mental health education in the process of ideological and moral education is of great significance to improve the effectiveness of ideological and moral education.
Ideology and morality; mental health
With the deepening of people's understanding of mental health, middle school students' mental health education has become an important topic of general concern to schools, families and society. With the appearance of the effectiveness of the national family planning policy, more and more attention has been paid to the mental health education of the only child. The mental health status of junior high school students is particularly worrying, so it is urgent to strengthen the mental health education of junior high school students. Based on what I have seen and heard in daily teaching, this paper discusses the necessity and importance of implementing mental health education in junior high school ideological and moral course teaching, focusing on how to effectively implement mental health education in junior high school ideological and moral course teaching, and puts forward a series of specific strategies, hoping to organically infiltrate mental health education into the teaching process of ideological and moral course.
First, the current psychological status of junior high school students
With the implementation of the national family planning policy, there are more and more only children, and the education of only children, especially psychological problems, has attracted more and more attention. More and more parents are beginning to do nothing about their children, and more and more teachers lament that children are not easy to teach now. In my opinion, the common psychological abnormalities of middle school students at present mainly include the following problems:
(A) egocentric
Junior high school students' understanding of objective things is not comprehensive, their judgment of living abroad is unfair and their evaluation is not objective. In this year's junior three students, I know a classmate. There are no good people in her world, and she always likes to think with negative thoughts. She is a typical person who can't treat things around her with a fair and comprehensive attitude, so that she has no supporters in this class.
(B) the ability to adapt to the new environment is not strong
The weak ability to adapt to the new environment is mainly manifested in the poor ability to bear hardships, strong dependence, weak ability to adapt to new situations, and extremely strong aversion and resistance to new things. This situation is more prominent among freshmen, mainly because freshmen have just left primary school life, and they have long been used to parental guidance and study; However, the number of junior high school subjects increases and the difficulty increases, which requires students to enhance their self-study ability. Some students find it difficult to accept the huge contrast and changes, and they have instinctive antipathy and anxiety, which makes it difficult to adapt to junior high school study life and the requirements of junior high school study life.
(C) poor emotional self-control ability
The poor emotional self-control ability is mainly manifested in the strong contrast reaction to external stimuli. This kind of students, their mood is easy to change dramatically with the change of the external environment. For example, when he became a class cadre, he did well in the exam and was praised by the teacher. He often danced with excitement. Show pessimism and disappointment when your academic performance drops or you are criticized by your teacher. And these emotions, they can't adjust themselves, and they show obvious personal emotions in their study, which reduces the quality of study and affects their image in the eyes of teachers and classmates. There is such a student in my class, whose grades are among the best in the whole grade. He always says that he is the first in the grade, and his classmates always attack him. When teachers and classmates criticized him, they immediately felt depressed and seemed to be a different person.
(D) interpersonal disharmony
The disharmony of interpersonal relationship is mainly manifested in the unwillingness to open up and talk to others, the love of self-reflection and the difficulty in getting along with others; At the same time, I am eager to show my ability and realize my value. The two often have fierce conflicts, leading to loneliness, strangeness and inadaptability. Such students are not good at communicating with others. A girl in the class, no matter what she does, her classmates don't like her. Once again, she had a fight with a naughty boy. Instead of helping to stop the fight, other students applauded. Although this is not what we hope, it also reflects a problem. The student's interpersonal relationship is very poor.
(5) Weak will and poor ability to resist setbacks.
Now, when it comes to 90, many negative words will come to people's minds. The "Beat Generation" is named after some people who have lost confidence in them. Most of them are only children. They live a superior life and have no worries about food and clothing. Even the government pays their tuition. Under such favorable conditions, they have also developed the living habit of "clothes to reach out, rice to open their mouths". The inability to read, suffer and criticize has become a common problem for these students. A few days ago, in the first unit exam, a student wrote a political composition in the form of questions and answers. When commenting, I used this as a typical example to describe the writing of small comments and pointed out the name of this student. As a result, the student reacted violently and thought that I should not use him as a model, which affected his self-esteem.
It can be seen that the psychological defects of middle school students have become a major obstacle to their all-round development and healthy growth. Strengthening the cultivation of middle school students' psychological quality and effectively solving their psychological problems has become an important content of teacher education, especially ideological and moral teacher education.
Second, how to carry out mental health education in junior high school ideological and moral classes
(1) Let the ideological and moral classroom become the main channel of mental health education, skillfully design classroom teaching, and create a pleasant teaching atmosphere.
A considerable part of the textbooks of ideological and moral courses involve mental health education. For example, the diversity of emotions, the influence of emotions on people's health and the methods to adjust emotions in Unit 1, Section 3, Grade 7; Seventh grade, Unit 1, Section 2, about correctly understanding and evaluating yourself; The second unit of grade seven is about correctly understanding difficulties, adversity and setbacks, tempering will and exercising personality; The first section of Unit 5 of Grade 9 is about how to treat the study pressure correctly and overcome the test anxiety. The first section of Unit 4 of Grade 7 correctly treats the competition and cooperation in social life and develops the quality of unity, cooperation and mutual assistance. The second unit of Grade 8 is about cherishing life, creating the value of life and maintaining a positive mental state. The content of mental health education in ideological and moral course should make full use of these combinations, and provide psychological guidance to students through group discussion, debate, typical case analysis and example stories, so that students can form a correct psychological orientation.
In the new curriculum teaching, teachers can use various teaching methods such as group discussion, group debate, short play and Allegro to fully mobilize students' learning enthusiasm and participation initiative, so that students can maintain a good psychological state and produce positive attitudes and experiences such as happiness, satisfaction, self-confidence, tolerance and helping others. At the beginning of classroom teaching every Monday, I design a song every week, and arrange one person every week for 3-5 minutes before the new class. This way can not only create a relaxed and happy atmosphere, exercise students' self-expression ability, and complete the emotional attitude goal of ideological and moral lessons, but also play a great role in improving students' psychological quality. They were a little timid at first, and their expression was not smooth, but with the constant encouragement and guidance of teachers and classmates, they gradually built up their self-confidence and were able to correctly understand and affirm themselves.
(2) Teachers cultivate their psychological quality and influence students with their healthy mentality.
Makarenko, a famous educator in the former Soviet Union, set an example for teachers with his own experience. He said: "I never let myself have a sad look, a depressed face." Even if I have unpleasant things and I am sick, I will not show them in front of my children. " As the saying goes: to be a teacher, learning high is a model. Only in this way can we maintain a normal mind and have a positive impact on students. Teachers are not gods, but also have emotions. The question is not whether there are negative emotions, but how to resolve them. Although there are always some unsatisfactory places in my work and life, and sometimes I get angry with naughty students, I always insist on going to every class with a smile, hoping that this will set a positive example for students.
(3) Find the combination of ideological education and family education, and do a good job of psychological counseling for students. Help students deal with interpersonal relationships correctly.
Compared with primary schools, middle school students' interpersonal communication has some new features, and teachers' words are no longer "imperial edicts". With the development of independence and self-awareness, as well as the increase of knowledge, experience, reading and ability, junior high school students' attitudes towards teachers and parents have changed, and they begin to evaluate teachers and parents with an independent and equal attitude. More inclined to peer group communication, eager to know the opposite sex peers. However, because their critical thinking is not mature enough, they sometimes treat teachers and parents with stubborn, extreme and even antagonistic attitudes, resulting in so-called rebellious psychology, so conflicts and estrangements may arise between teachers and students and between parents and children. At this time, home-school contact has become one of the indispensable educational channels. Teachers should always contact parents to understand students' psychological development. Guide students to establish a benign peer group, and teachers and parents should encourage normal communication between boys and girls, rather than interfere.
2. Cultivate students' ability to know themselves, accept themselves and know themselves comprehensively and objectively.
People are always trying to know themselves, especially adolescent middle school students, and their desire to know themselves is more urgent. However, due to the high demands of modern families and teachers on children, as well as the immature psychological level and one-sidedness and superficiality of young students' thinking, they often cannot correctly understand themselves and are prone to some psychological problems. Therefore, as a teacher, we should guide students to evaluate themselves objectively and fairly, see their own advantages and disadvantages, and foster strengths and avoid weaknesses. 3. Cultivate students' ability to resist setbacks and learn to grow up in setbacks.
Educator Rousseau said: "If people are afraid of pain, disease, accident, danger and death, he can't stand anything." Therefore, in view of the current situation of junior high school students' weak will and poor ability to resist setbacks, we should strengthen the cultivation of junior high school students' will quality. Through the education of frustration tolerance, let students understand that frustration is a part of life, and the so-called "all wishes come true and smooth sailing" is just a good wish of people; It is necessary to make students realize the dual impact of setbacks on individuals, educate students to treat setbacks with an optimistic, flexible, rational and realistic attitude, and especially educate students with good grades to resist setbacks.
In short, in the face of the increasingly prominent psychological problems of middle school students, the ideological and moral course in junior high school should become an important platform for students' mental health education. We should make good use of the main position of classroom teaching and let students have a healthy psychology. A person's will quality can't be achieved overnight. A healthy mental state needs to be gradually formed in daily study and life, and mental health education for natural teenagers also needs to be carried out for a long time. It needs the cooperation of schools, families, society and other forces, and of course it also needs the efforts of students themselves.
refer to
Compulsory education curriculum standard experimental textbook "Ideology and Morality" from Grade 7 to Grade 9.
The experimental textbook of compulsory education curriculum standard "Ideology and Morality". 7-9 grade teachers' teaching books
Editor-in-Chief of School Psychology-Psychological Consultation and Consultation, East China Normal University Press, first edition in May, 2000; General Psychology, edited by Meng p20 1-2 10, first edition by Peking University Press 1994, edited by Pi Liansheng, p387-424, Shanghai Education Press.
Psychology of Children's Development, edited by Cheng,, and Li, Fujian Education Press, July 1 Edition, 1997, p352-382, Psychological Characteristics and Education of Students with Learning Disabilities, July 2008 1 Edition, People's Publishing House, P20/kloc-.