Why should we relax the vaccination population of cervical cancer? In this regard, Qiao, a professor at the School of Group Medicine and Public Health of Peking Union Medical College of China Academy of Medical Sciences, said: "Young girls vaccinated with human papillomavirus are easy to stimulate a better immune response, and women who have not had sex with human papillomavirus have the best prevention effect."
Andrea Carvalho, a senior scientist at the International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization, delivered a speech on "Global Strategy for Accelerating the Elimination of Cervical Cancer" at a global health summit held by the 2022 Pujiang Innovation Forum on August 28th, and optimistically predicted that China would be able to completely eliminate cervical cancer from 2046 to 2050 after implementing the correct prevention and control strategies for cervical cancer.
Carvalho said that the incidence of cervical cancer in the world is relatively high, and the overall incidence of cervical cancer in China is not very high, but due to the large population in China, it accounts for 18% of the global incidence of cervical cancer and 17% of all deaths. According to WHO data, the incidence of cervical cancer in China is 654.38+10,000 people 1 1.
According to the recommendation of the World Health Organization, girls aged 9 to 14 should be the primary vaccination population, and the earlier the vaccination, the better the effect.
"It is best for girls to be vaccinated with human papillomavirus before 15 years old, and it is best for more than 90% girls to be vaccinated before 15 years old to avoid infection." Carvalho said. He also said that through human papillomavirus vaccination and large-scale screening, very early cancer can be diagnosed and treated, and the cure success rate reaches 90%.
"70% of women must be screened for high-risk human papillomavirus before the age of 35, and women aged 35 to 45 should be screened twice." Carvalho said, "90% of women suffer from cervical diseases and should also receive treatment and care. By doing the above, cervical cancer can be completely eliminated. "
He also praised China's progress in cervical cancer vaccination in recent years. Although the screening coverage rate in China is still low, more and more poor areas have begun to do early cervical cancer screening, and cervical cancer screening has also been included in the universal health insurance.
At present, the human papillomavirus vaccines approved for marketing in China include imported Merck tetravalent vaccine "Jiadaxiu" and nine-valent vaccine "Jiadaxiu 9"; GlaxoSmithKline's bivalent vaccine "sirrah Shi", Wan Tai's bivalent vaccine "Xinkening" and Watson's bivalent vaccine "Wozehui".
Recently, a 5.5-year observation data of bivalent HPV vaccine in Wan Tai showed that the protection rate of HPV1618 virus-related lesions reached 100%. Related research was published in the top international academic journal Infectious Diseases in The Lancet on August 26th. Cervical cancer caused by HPV 16/ 18 virus accounts for 70%-80% of all cervical cancers.
Is it necessary for women over 40 years old or people infected with human papillomavirus to be vaccinated?
Yan Ling, deputy chief physician, said that it is very necessary! Although it is the most efficient and effective to vaccinate adolescent women before sex, in fact, it is necessary for women aged 40 or even 45 to vaccinate. Because women have two peak ages of human papillomavirus infection, 40-44 years old is one of them.
At the same time, for women who have been infected with human papillomavirus, HPV vaccine can also benefit.
Of course, Deputy Chief Physician Yan Ling reminded that after vaccination with HPV vaccine, regular screening is still needed, because HPV vaccine cannot prevent all HR- human papillomavirus types.